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The Causal Nexus Between Social Capital and Local Development in Mountain Rural Greece

Year 2010, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 29 - 66, 30.05.2016

Abstract

The primary aim of this paper is to analyze the components of individual social capital in two rural mountain areas in Greece. The paper also aims to develop an empirical model to investigate the causal relationship between social capital’s different dimensions and the “quality” of local socio-economic development in Greece’s rural mountain areas. Due to the complex nature of the social capital concept, the scope of inquiry was based on two different case study areas, in order to enable a more compelling and robust interpretation of the information collected. A questionnaire containing 100 items was administered to approximately 318 citizens in these areas. Our results overall indicate a significant influence by the strength of family ties on the nature of social capital and socio-economic outcomes in Greek rural areas.

References

  • Arbuckle, J.L. (2007). Amos16.0 User‟s Guide, Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc.
  • Banfield, E. (1958). The Moral Basis of Backward Society. Glencoe: Free Press.
  • Bollen, K.A. (1989). Structural Equation Models with Latent Variables, New York: Wiley & Sons.
  • Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (2002). “Social Capital and Community Governance”. Economic Journal, 112 (483): F419-436.
  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Byrne, B. M. (1998). Structural Equation Modelling with LISREL, PRELIS and SIMPLIS: Basis Concepts, Application and Programming. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
  • Christoforou, A. (2005). “On the Determinants of Social Capital in Greece Compared to Countries of the European Union”, The Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Note di Lavoro Series Index: Retrieved on 02/09/2006: from the World Wide Web: (http://www.feem.it/Feem/Pub/Publications/WPapers/default.htm)
  • Coleman, J. (1988). “Social Capital in the creation of human capital”, American Journal of Sociology, 94(9): 95-120.
  • Cox, E. (1995). “A truly civil society”. Sydney: Boyer Lectures, Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  • DeFilippis, J. (2001). “The Myth of Social Capital in Community Development”. Housing Policy Debate, 12(4): 781-806.
  • Dizard, J., & Howard Gatlin (1990). The Minimal Family. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
  • Fafchamps, M., & Minten, B. (2002). “Returns to Social Network Capital among Traders”. Oxford Economic Papers, 54(2): 173-206.
  • Forrest, R., & Kearns, A. (2001). “Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighborhood”. Urban Studies, 38 (12): 2125-2143.
  • Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: the social virtues and the creation of prosperity. New York: The Free Press.
  • Green, H., Fletcher, L. (2003a). “The Development of Harmonised Questions on Social Capital” (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/socialcapital/downloads/UserGuide.pdf) Office for National Statistics.
  • Grootaert, C., & Van Bastelaer, T. (Eds.). (2002b). “Understanding and Measuring Social Capital: A Multidisciplinary Tool for Practitioners”. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Grootaert, C., & Van Bastelaer, T. (Eds.). (2002a). The Role of Social Capital in Development: An Empirical Assessment. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grootaert, C. (2001). “Does Social Capital Help the Poor? A Synthesis of Findings from the Local Level Institutions Studies in Bolivia”, Burkina Faso, and Indonesia. Working Paper 10. World Bank, Social Development Department, Washington D.C.
  • Hair, F., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (1995). Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, 4th Ed, London, Prentice-Hall International.
  • Ibáñez, A. M., Lindert, K., & Woolcock, M. (2002). “Social Capital in Guatemala: A Mixed Methods Analysis.” Technical Background Paper No. 12, prepared for the Guatemala Poverty Assessment. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
  • Jones, N., Malesios, C., Iosifides, T., & Sophoulis, C.M. (2008). “Social Capital in Greece: Measurement and Comparative Perspectives”, South European Society & Politics, Vol. 13, No 2, pp. 175-193.
  • Jöreskog, K.G. (2000). Latent Variable Scores and Their Uses. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific
  • Jöreskog, K.G., & Sörbom, D. (1999). LISREL 8 User‟s Reference Guide. Scientific Software
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1970). “A second generation little jiffy”, Psychometrica, vol. 35, pp.401- 415.
  • Karakoulaki, H. (2002), “The Role of Social Capital and Family Capital in SMEs Development and Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Two Regions in Greece”, University of Oxford, School of Geography and the Environment, Economic Geography Research Group, Working Paper WPG 02-14.
  • Kingston, C. (2004). “Corruption and social structure: Theory and evidence from India”. BREAD Working paper No. 75.
  • Knack, S., & Keefer, P. (1997). “Does Social Capital Have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation”. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 4 (11): 1251-1288.
  • Kritsotakis, G., Koutis, A., Alegakis,A. K, & Philalithis, A. E. (2008). “Development of the social capital questionnaire in Greece”, Survey in Nursing & Health, 01/03/2008 (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117871052/issue)
  • Lyberaki, A., & Tsakalotos, E. (2000). 'Reforming the Economy without Society: Social and Institutional Constraints to Economic Reform in post-1974 Greece', Working Paper 08/2000 (Athens: Department of International and European Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business).
  • Monnickendam, M., and Berman, Y. (2008). “An Empirical Analysis of the Interrelationship between Components of the Social Quality Theoretical Construct”, Social Indicators Research, 86 (3): 525-538.
  • Mouzelis, N., & Pagoulatos, G. (2002). “Civil Society and Citizenship in Postwar Greece”, in Citizenship and Nation State in Greece and Turkey, by F. Birtek, N. Diamandouros, T., Dragona, Frangoudaki, A., & Keyder, C. (eds), London: Frank Cass.
  • Mulaik, S. A., James, L. R., Van Altine, J., Bennett, N., Lind, S,. & Stilwell, C. D. (1989). Evaluation of goodness of fit indices for structural equation models. Psychological Bulletin vol.105, 430-445.
  • Narayan, D., & Cassidy, M. (2001). “A Dimensional Approach to Measuring Social Capital: Development and Validation of Social Capital Inventory”. Current Sociology, 49 (2): 49-93.
  • Narayan, D., & Pritchett, L. (1999). “Cents and Sociability: Household Income and Social Capital in Rural Tanzania”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 47(4): 871-97.
  • Newton, K., & Norris, P. (2000).“Confidence in Public Institutions: Faith, Culture, or Performance?” in Pharr, S. and R. Putnam, Disaffected Democracies: What‟s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Newton, K. (1999). “Social and Political Trust in Established Democracies”, in Critical citizens, ed. P. Norris, new York: Oxford University Press.
  • Norusis, M. (2006) SPSS 14.0 Guide to Data Analysis, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
  • Onyx, J., & Bullen, P. (2000). Measuring social capital in five communities. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 36, 23–42.
  • Paraskevopoulos, C. (2001). Interpreting Convergence in the European Union – Patterns of Collective Action, Social Learning and Europeanisation, New York NY (US): Palgrave.
  • Paxton, P. (1999). “Is social capital declining in the United States; a multiple indicator assessment”; American Journal Review, Vol. 23, pp. 423-435.
  • Pichler, F., &Wallace, C. (2007). “Patterns of formal and informal social capital in Europe”, European Sociological Review, 23 (4), pp: 423-436.
  • Portes, A. (1998). “Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology”. Annual Review of Sociology, 24:1-24.
  • Putnam, R, D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon and Schuster, New York,
  • Putnam, R. D. (1993). “The prosperous community: social capital and public life” in the American Prospect, 4:13.
  • Putnam, R. D. (1993). Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press;
  • Rothstein, B. and Stolle, D. (2003). “Social Capital, Impartiality and the Welfare State: An Institutional Approach”, in M. Hooghe and D. Stolle (eds.), Generating Social Capital – Civil Society and Institutions in Comparative Perspective, New York NY (US): Palgrave MacMillan, pp. 191-209.
  • Sabatini, F. (2008), “Social Capital and the Quality of Economic Development”, Kyklos, Vol. 61, Issue 3, 466-499.
  • Sabatini, F. (2008). “Social Capital as Social Networks: a New Framework for Measurement and an empirical analysis of its determinants and consequences”, Journal of Socio-Economics, in press.
  • Sabatini, F.(2006). An Inquiry into the Empirics of Social Capital and Economic Development. PhD Programme in Economics, University of Rome La Sapienza, June 2006.
  • Sabatini, F. (2005c). “Social Capital, Public Spending and the Quality of Economic Development”, University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Public Economics, mimeo,
  • Schmitter, Philippe, C. (1995). “Organised Interests and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe”, in The Politics of Democratic Consolidation: Southern Europe in Comparative Perspective, ed. R. Gunther, P. N. Diamantouros, H.-J. Puhle, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 285-314.
  • Sotiropoulos, Dimitri A. (1993). "A Colossus with Feet of Clay: The State in Post- Authoritarian Greece". In Harry J. Psomiades and Stavros B. Thomadakis. eds. Greece, the New Europe and the Changing International Order. New York: Pella, pp. 43-56.
  • Soutsas, K., Tsantopoulos, G., Arabatzis, G., & Christopoulou, O., Tourist Development of Mountainous Regions: the case of Metsovo. Discussion Paper Series, 11 (7), pp. 111-128, Department of Planning and Regional Development, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 2005.
  • Stolle, D. and Hooghe, M. (2003). “Conflicting Approaches to the Study of Social Capital: Competing Explanations for Causes and Effects of Social Capital”, Ethical Perspectives 10 (1), pp.22-45.
  • Trigilia, C. (2001). Social Capital and Local Development, European Journal of Social Theory 4 (4): 427-442.
  • Van Oorschot W., & Arts W., Gelissen J. (2006). Social capital in Europe. Measurement and Social and Regional Distribution of a Multifaceted Phenomenon. Acta Sociologica, 49(2):149-76.
  • Voyer, J. P., & Franke, S. (2006). “Social Capital as a Public Policy Tool: Conclusion from the PRI Project”, Presentation in the Social Capital and Public Policy Seminar, University of Toronto, Retrieved on 2 6 / 1 2 / 2 0 0 7 from the World Wide Web (http://policyresearch.gc.ca/doclib/SC_seminar_TO_voyer_200603_e.pdf)
  • Western, J., Stimson, R., Baum, S., & van Gellecum, Y. (2005). “Measuring community strength and social capital”, Regional Studies, vol, 39, pp, 1095-1109.
  • Woodhouse, A, (2006).“Social capital and economic development in regional Australia: a case study”, Journal of Rural Studies, 22 (2006), 83-94,
  • Woolcock, M. (1999). Managing Risk, Shocks, and Opportunity in Developing Economies: The Role of Social Capital, In Gustav Ranis, ed. Dimensions of Development. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for International and Area Studies, pp. 197-212.
  • World Bank. (2003). “Guatemala Poverty Assessment”. Washington D.C.: World Bank;
  • Woolcock, M. (1998). “Social Capital and Economic Development: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis and Policy Framework”, Theory and Society, April, Vol. 72, No. 2, pp. 151-208.
Year 2010, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 29 - 66, 30.05.2016

Abstract

References

  • Arbuckle, J.L. (2007). Amos16.0 User‟s Guide, Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc.
  • Banfield, E. (1958). The Moral Basis of Backward Society. Glencoe: Free Press.
  • Bollen, K.A. (1989). Structural Equation Models with Latent Variables, New York: Wiley & Sons.
  • Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (2002). “Social Capital and Community Governance”. Economic Journal, 112 (483): F419-436.
  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Byrne, B. M. (1998). Structural Equation Modelling with LISREL, PRELIS and SIMPLIS: Basis Concepts, Application and Programming. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
  • Christoforou, A. (2005). “On the Determinants of Social Capital in Greece Compared to Countries of the European Union”, The Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Note di Lavoro Series Index: Retrieved on 02/09/2006: from the World Wide Web: (http://www.feem.it/Feem/Pub/Publications/WPapers/default.htm)
  • Coleman, J. (1988). “Social Capital in the creation of human capital”, American Journal of Sociology, 94(9): 95-120.
  • Cox, E. (1995). “A truly civil society”. Sydney: Boyer Lectures, Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  • DeFilippis, J. (2001). “The Myth of Social Capital in Community Development”. Housing Policy Debate, 12(4): 781-806.
  • Dizard, J., & Howard Gatlin (1990). The Minimal Family. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
  • Fafchamps, M., & Minten, B. (2002). “Returns to Social Network Capital among Traders”. Oxford Economic Papers, 54(2): 173-206.
  • Forrest, R., & Kearns, A. (2001). “Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighborhood”. Urban Studies, 38 (12): 2125-2143.
  • Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: the social virtues and the creation of prosperity. New York: The Free Press.
  • Green, H., Fletcher, L. (2003a). “The Development of Harmonised Questions on Social Capital” (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/socialcapital/downloads/UserGuide.pdf) Office for National Statistics.
  • Grootaert, C., & Van Bastelaer, T. (Eds.). (2002b). “Understanding and Measuring Social Capital: A Multidisciplinary Tool for Practitioners”. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Grootaert, C., & Van Bastelaer, T. (Eds.). (2002a). The Role of Social Capital in Development: An Empirical Assessment. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grootaert, C. (2001). “Does Social Capital Help the Poor? A Synthesis of Findings from the Local Level Institutions Studies in Bolivia”, Burkina Faso, and Indonesia. Working Paper 10. World Bank, Social Development Department, Washington D.C.
  • Hair, F., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (1995). Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, 4th Ed, London, Prentice-Hall International.
  • Ibáñez, A. M., Lindert, K., & Woolcock, M. (2002). “Social Capital in Guatemala: A Mixed Methods Analysis.” Technical Background Paper No. 12, prepared for the Guatemala Poverty Assessment. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
  • Jones, N., Malesios, C., Iosifides, T., & Sophoulis, C.M. (2008). “Social Capital in Greece: Measurement and Comparative Perspectives”, South European Society & Politics, Vol. 13, No 2, pp. 175-193.
  • Jöreskog, K.G. (2000). Latent Variable Scores and Their Uses. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific
  • Jöreskog, K.G., & Sörbom, D. (1999). LISREL 8 User‟s Reference Guide. Scientific Software
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1970). “A second generation little jiffy”, Psychometrica, vol. 35, pp.401- 415.
  • Karakoulaki, H. (2002), “The Role of Social Capital and Family Capital in SMEs Development and Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Two Regions in Greece”, University of Oxford, School of Geography and the Environment, Economic Geography Research Group, Working Paper WPG 02-14.
  • Kingston, C. (2004). “Corruption and social structure: Theory and evidence from India”. BREAD Working paper No. 75.
  • Knack, S., & Keefer, P. (1997). “Does Social Capital Have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation”. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 4 (11): 1251-1288.
  • Kritsotakis, G., Koutis, A., Alegakis,A. K, & Philalithis, A. E. (2008). “Development of the social capital questionnaire in Greece”, Survey in Nursing & Health, 01/03/2008 (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117871052/issue)
  • Lyberaki, A., & Tsakalotos, E. (2000). 'Reforming the Economy without Society: Social and Institutional Constraints to Economic Reform in post-1974 Greece', Working Paper 08/2000 (Athens: Department of International and European Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business).
  • Monnickendam, M., and Berman, Y. (2008). “An Empirical Analysis of the Interrelationship between Components of the Social Quality Theoretical Construct”, Social Indicators Research, 86 (3): 525-538.
  • Mouzelis, N., & Pagoulatos, G. (2002). “Civil Society and Citizenship in Postwar Greece”, in Citizenship and Nation State in Greece and Turkey, by F. Birtek, N. Diamandouros, T., Dragona, Frangoudaki, A., & Keyder, C. (eds), London: Frank Cass.
  • Mulaik, S. A., James, L. R., Van Altine, J., Bennett, N., Lind, S,. & Stilwell, C. D. (1989). Evaluation of goodness of fit indices for structural equation models. Psychological Bulletin vol.105, 430-445.
  • Narayan, D., & Cassidy, M. (2001). “A Dimensional Approach to Measuring Social Capital: Development and Validation of Social Capital Inventory”. Current Sociology, 49 (2): 49-93.
  • Narayan, D., & Pritchett, L. (1999). “Cents and Sociability: Household Income and Social Capital in Rural Tanzania”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 47(4): 871-97.
  • Newton, K., & Norris, P. (2000).“Confidence in Public Institutions: Faith, Culture, or Performance?” in Pharr, S. and R. Putnam, Disaffected Democracies: What‟s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Newton, K. (1999). “Social and Political Trust in Established Democracies”, in Critical citizens, ed. P. Norris, new York: Oxford University Press.
  • Norusis, M. (2006) SPSS 14.0 Guide to Data Analysis, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
  • Onyx, J., & Bullen, P. (2000). Measuring social capital in five communities. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 36, 23–42.
  • Paraskevopoulos, C. (2001). Interpreting Convergence in the European Union – Patterns of Collective Action, Social Learning and Europeanisation, New York NY (US): Palgrave.
  • Paxton, P. (1999). “Is social capital declining in the United States; a multiple indicator assessment”; American Journal Review, Vol. 23, pp. 423-435.
  • Pichler, F., &Wallace, C. (2007). “Patterns of formal and informal social capital in Europe”, European Sociological Review, 23 (4), pp: 423-436.
  • Portes, A. (1998). “Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology”. Annual Review of Sociology, 24:1-24.
  • Putnam, R, D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon and Schuster, New York,
  • Putnam, R. D. (1993). “The prosperous community: social capital and public life” in the American Prospect, 4:13.
  • Putnam, R. D. (1993). Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press;
  • Rothstein, B. and Stolle, D. (2003). “Social Capital, Impartiality and the Welfare State: An Institutional Approach”, in M. Hooghe and D. Stolle (eds.), Generating Social Capital – Civil Society and Institutions in Comparative Perspective, New York NY (US): Palgrave MacMillan, pp. 191-209.
  • Sabatini, F. (2008), “Social Capital and the Quality of Economic Development”, Kyklos, Vol. 61, Issue 3, 466-499.
  • Sabatini, F. (2008). “Social Capital as Social Networks: a New Framework for Measurement and an empirical analysis of its determinants and consequences”, Journal of Socio-Economics, in press.
  • Sabatini, F.(2006). An Inquiry into the Empirics of Social Capital and Economic Development. PhD Programme in Economics, University of Rome La Sapienza, June 2006.
  • Sabatini, F. (2005c). “Social Capital, Public Spending and the Quality of Economic Development”, University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Public Economics, mimeo,
  • Schmitter, Philippe, C. (1995). “Organised Interests and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe”, in The Politics of Democratic Consolidation: Southern Europe in Comparative Perspective, ed. R. Gunther, P. N. Diamantouros, H.-J. Puhle, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 285-314.
  • Sotiropoulos, Dimitri A. (1993). "A Colossus with Feet of Clay: The State in Post- Authoritarian Greece". In Harry J. Psomiades and Stavros B. Thomadakis. eds. Greece, the New Europe and the Changing International Order. New York: Pella, pp. 43-56.
  • Soutsas, K., Tsantopoulos, G., Arabatzis, G., & Christopoulou, O., Tourist Development of Mountainous Regions: the case of Metsovo. Discussion Paper Series, 11 (7), pp. 111-128, Department of Planning and Regional Development, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 2005.
  • Stolle, D. and Hooghe, M. (2003). “Conflicting Approaches to the Study of Social Capital: Competing Explanations for Causes and Effects of Social Capital”, Ethical Perspectives 10 (1), pp.22-45.
  • Trigilia, C. (2001). Social Capital and Local Development, European Journal of Social Theory 4 (4): 427-442.
  • Van Oorschot W., & Arts W., Gelissen J. (2006). Social capital in Europe. Measurement and Social and Regional Distribution of a Multifaceted Phenomenon. Acta Sociologica, 49(2):149-76.
  • Voyer, J. P., & Franke, S. (2006). “Social Capital as a Public Policy Tool: Conclusion from the PRI Project”, Presentation in the Social Capital and Public Policy Seminar, University of Toronto, Retrieved on 2 6 / 1 2 / 2 0 0 7 from the World Wide Web (http://policyresearch.gc.ca/doclib/SC_seminar_TO_voyer_200603_e.pdf)
  • Western, J., Stimson, R., Baum, S., & van Gellecum, Y. (2005). “Measuring community strength and social capital”, Regional Studies, vol, 39, pp, 1095-1109.
  • Woodhouse, A, (2006).“Social capital and economic development in regional Australia: a case study”, Journal of Rural Studies, 22 (2006), 83-94,
  • Woolcock, M. (1999). Managing Risk, Shocks, and Opportunity in Developing Economies: The Role of Social Capital, In Gustav Ranis, ed. Dimensions of Development. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for International and Area Studies, pp. 197-212.
  • World Bank. (2003). “Guatemala Poverty Assessment”. Washington D.C.: World Bank;
  • Woolcock, M. (1998). “Social Capital and Economic Development: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis and Policy Framework”, Theory and Society, April, Vol. 72, No. 2, pp. 151-208.
There are 62 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA22HG75AD
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Panagiota Karametou This is me

Constantine Apostolopoulos This is me

Publication Date May 30, 2016
Submission Date May 30, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karametou, P., & Apostolopoulos, C. (2016). The Causal Nexus Between Social Capital and Local Development in Mountain Rural Greece. International Journal of Social Inquiry, 3(1), 29-66.

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