Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Nepeta cadmea Boiss.

Abstract

The genus Nepeta (Lamiaceae) is represented by 39 species, in total 50 taxa, 19 of which are endemic, in Turkey. Nepeta species are known as “kedinanesi” in Turkish and has many traditional usages such as antispasmodic, diuretic, antiseptic, antitussive, and antiasthmatic activities. The aerial parts of N. cadmea were hydrodistillated for 3 hours by using Clevenger apparatus to gather essential oil. To determine its chemical characterization, the essential oil was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS, simultaneously. 4aα,7α,7aβ-Nepetalactone (74.0%), 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (4.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.5%) were found as major components for essential oil. The potential in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. A panel of human pathogenic strains Escherichia coli NRRL B-3008, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711 and Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556 were used. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the samples were determined, where in ciprofloxacin was used as a positive control in the assay. MIC values were found 2500, 1000, 600, 600, 600 μg/mL against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and S. sanguinis, respectively. Compared the literature, it was seen that the essential oil had lower effective against these strains.

Keywords

• Nepeta cadmea
• Lamiaceae
• Essential oil
• Antibacterial activity

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