A Study on Cotton (Gossypium sp.) Nectar Production in Uzbekistan

Abstract

Given the importance of cotton varieties in beekeeping, we have been able to determine the nectar and honey yield per hectare for several years Cotton nectaries produce highly concentrated carbohydrates, nectarines, amino acids and fatty acids. Unlike other types of plants. In different varieties of cotton, there are 4 types of nectaries (intra-cup, bract, sub-bract, and leaf), and the number and concentration of nectarium are different for all types. Nectar productivity of fine fiber varieties is significantly higher than that of medium fiber varieties. Nectar is an important nutrient source for insects and pathogens due to its high sugar content. Several methods of nectar determination were used to determine the number of angles of cotton varieties planted in the country, such as "tube" and "washing." On average, honey yield of these varieties is 50-60 kg per hectare. It is understood from the research results that cotton varieties have high honey and nectar productivity in Uzbekistan environment.

Keywords

• Cotton varieties
• Nectar
• Nectar Concentration
• Test Method
• Washing Method

A Study on Cotton (Gossypium sp.) Nectar Production in Uzbekistan

Abstract

Given the importance of cotton varieties in beekeeping, we have been able to determine the nectar and honey yield per hectare for several years Cotton nectaries produce highly concentrated carbohydrates, nectarines, amino acids and fatty acids. Unlike other types of plants. In different varieties of cotton, there are 4 types of nectaries (intra-cup, bract, sub-bract, and leaf), and the number and concentration of nectarium are different for all types. Nectar productivity of fine fiber varieties is significantly higher than that of medium fiber varieties. Nectar is an important nutrient source for insects and pathogens due to its high sugar content. Several methods of nectar determination were used to determine the number of angles of cotton varieties planted in the country, such as "tube" and "washing." On average, honey yield of these varieties is 50-60 kg per hectare. It is understood from the research results that cotton varieties have high honey and nectar productivity in Uzbekistan environment.

Keywords

• Cotton varieties
• Nectar
• Nectar Concentration
• Test Method
• Washing Method

References

1. Layok, V. D. ( 1941). Kulturnıye medonosı Uzbekstana i rol pçelv povışenii ix urojaynosti (Tekst)/pod red. Akad. R.R.Şedreva-Taşkent: Uzgiz. pp. 68.
2. Eskov, E. K. (1992). Etologiya medonosnoy pçelı. Moskova, Kolos, pp. 336.
3. Hamidov, G. H. (1977) Beekeeping and cotton growing. Tashkent, pp. 132.
4. Kaziev, T. I. (1964). Problems of nectar secretion in cotton and the role of honey bees in increasing its vield. Baku, Azerb. Gos. İzdat. pp. 215.
5. Minkov, S. G. (1957). Nectar productivity of cotton in South-Kazakh region. Pchelovodstvo, 34(12), 35-40.
6. Radoev, L. (1963). Studies on bee pollination and honey productivity of cotton. In 19th Internatl. Apic. Cong. Proc. Liblise, Czechoglovaciya. pp.99.
7. Bulgakova, L. L. (1978). Medonosnaya rastitelnost pribrejnoy zonı srednogo teçeniya peki Sırdarı. Avtoreferat dis. Kand. Biol. Nauk. Taşkent, pp. 19.
8. Anton, S., Komon, J. E., Denisow, B. (2017). Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to loral visitors. Planta, 246, 1051-1067. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-017-2748-y

9. Heil, M. (2011). Nectar: Generation, regulation, and ecological functions. Trends in Plant Science, 16, 191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2011.01.003
10. Chalcoff, V. R., Aizen, M. A., & Galetto, L.(2006). Nectar concentration and composition of 26 species from the temperate forest of South America. Annals of Botany, 97, 413–421. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcj043
11. Knopper, L. D., Dan, T., Reisig, D. D., Johnson, J. D., & Bowers, L. M. (2016). Sugar concentration in nectar: A quantitative metric of crop attractiveness for refined pollinator risk assessments. Pest Management Science, 72, 1807–1812. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps. 4321
12. Nicolson, S.W. (2007). Nectar consumers. In S. W. Nicolson, M. Nepi, & E. Pacini (Eds.), Nectaries and nectar. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. pp. 289–342. ISBN 978-1-4020-5937-7
13. Gonzalez-Teuber, M., Silva-Bueno, J.C., Heil, M., & Boland, W. (2012). Increased host investment in extrafloral nectar (EFN) improves the efficiency of a mutualistic defensive service. PLoS One, 7, e46598. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046598
14. Hanes, C. S. (1929). An application of the method of Hagedorn and Jensen to the determination of larger quantities of reducing sugars. Biochem J., 23(1), 99-106. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0230099
15. Gilliam, M., Moffet, J. O., Kauffeld N. M. (1983). Examination of floral necta of citrus, cotton, and Arizona desert plants for microbes. Apidologie, 14(4), 299-302. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:19830403
16. Clark, E. W., Lukefahr, M. J. (1956). A partial analysis of cotton extrafloral nectar and its approximation. Journal of Economic Entomology, 49 (6), 875-876. https://doi.org/10.10 93/jee/49.6.875
17. Mound, L. A. (1962). Extrafloral nectaries of cotton and their secretions. Emp. Cotton Grow. Rev., 39, 254-261. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/34.2.103
18. Hanny, B. W., Elmore, C. D. (1974). Amino acid composition of cotton nectar. Agr. Food Chem., 22, 476-478. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60193a038
19. Yokohama, V. Y. (1978). Relation of seasonal changes in extrafloral nectar and foliar protein and arthropod. Environmental Entomology, 7(6), 799–802. https://doi.org/10.109 3/ee/7.6.799
20. Llandres, A.L., Verdeny-Vilalta, O., Jean, J., Goebel, F. R., Seydi, O., Brévault, T. (2019). Cotton extrafloral nectaries as indirect defence against insect pests. Basic and Applied Ecology, 37, 24-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2019.05.001
21. Hagenbucher, S., Olson, D. M., Ruberson, J. R., Wäckers, F. L., Romeis, J. (2013). Resistance mechanisms against arthropod herbivores in cotton and their interactions with natural enemies. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 32 (6), 458-482. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689.2013.809293
22. Grasso, D. A., Pandolfi, C., Bazihizina, N., Nocentini, D., Nepi, M. S. (2015). MancusoExtrafloral-nectar-based partner manipulation in plant-ant relationships. AoB Plants, 7. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv002
23. Özkök, D., Silici, S. (2018). Effects of crystallization on antioxidant property of honey. Journal of Apitherapy, 3(2), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/ja.20180607113134