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Adventitious roots formation for enhanced and sustainable production of antioxidants in Brassica oleracea var. acephala (Brassicaceae)

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 162 - 171, 15.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.530027

Abstract

Brassica
oleracea

var. acephala is listed as the healthiest vegetable due to its high
valued secondary metabolites content and antioxidant potential. This study was
conducted to establish adventitious roots (ARs) culture as an alternative and
feasible production of antioxidant secondary metabolites. ARs were induced from
cotyledon explants in commercially available Murashige and Skoog (MS) plant
nutrient media, gelled with 0.8% phyto-agar and supplemented with different
concentration (0.1 ̶ 1.5 mg·L-1) of auxins (α-Naphthalene acetic acid; NAA, or
Indole acetic acid; IAA, or Indole-3-butyric acid; IBA). AR formation responses
in MS media at varying concentrations (0 ̶ 50 g·L-1) of sucrose and initial
media pH (4, 5.0, 5.8, 7 & 8) were also studied. The bioprocessing of ARs
were studied in liquid MS media containing NAA (1.5 mg·L-1) as growth
regulator. The growth curve, important antioxidants (phenols & flavonoids),
and free radical scavenging potential of ARs were studied for a period of
9-weeks. The ARs at stationary phase (7-week) attained highest accumulation of
phenols and flavonoids, which ultimately showed the highest reactive species
scavenging potential. This study provides the base for production of B.
oleraceae
var. acephala secondary metabolites on large scale to
strengthen the bio-based economy of developing world.

References

  • [1]. Carvalho, E.B. & Curtis, W.R. (1998). Characterization of fluid‐flow resistance in root cultures with a convective flow tubular bioreactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 60, 375-384.
  • [2]. Nagarajan, A., Arivalagan, U. & Rajaguru, P. (2011). In vitro root induction and studies on antibacterial activity of root extract of Costus igneus on clinically important human pathogens. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research, 1, 67-76.
  • [3]. Cui., X.H., Chakrabarty, D., Lee E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2010a). Production of adventitious roots and secondary metabolites by Hypericum perforatum L. in a bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 101, 4708-4716.
  • [4]. Baque, M.A., Elgirban, A., Lee, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2012). Sucrose regulated enhanced induction of anthraquinone, phenolics, flavonoids biosynthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes in adventitious root suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia (L.). Acta physiologia Plantarum, 34, 405-415.
  • [5]. Cogbill, S., Faulcon, T., Jones, G., McDaniel, M., Harmon, G., Blackmon, R. & Young, M. (2010). Adventitious shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants of rapid-cycling fast plants of Brassica rapa L. Plant cell Tissue Organ, 101, 127-133.
  • [6]. Musgrave, M.E. (2000) Realizing the potential of rapid-cycling Brassica as a model system for use in plant biology research. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 19, 314-325.
  • [7]. BALCǍU, S.L., Apahidean, M., Zaharia, A. & Delia, P. (2012). The Influence of Organic Fertilizers Concerning the Growth and Development of Brassica oleracea var. acephala Plants. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Horticulture, 69 (1), 64-70.
  • [8]. Balkaya, A. & Yanmaz, R. (2005) Promising kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) populations from Black Sea region, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop Horticulture, 33, 1-7.
  • [9]. Indrea, D., Apahidean, S., Apahidean, M., Măniuțiu, D. & Sima, R. (2009). Vegetable Farming, Ed. Ceres, București.
  • [10]. Nieuwhof, M. (1969). Cole Crops. Leonard Hill. Cole Crops Leonard Hill
  • [11]. Moreno, D.A., Carvajal, M., López-Berenguer, C. & García-Viguera, C. (2006) Chemical and biological characterisation of nutraceutical compounds of broccoli. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical analysis, 41, 1508-1522.
  • [12]. Traka, M. & Mithen, R. (2009). Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and human health. Phytochemistry Review, 8, 269-282.
  • [13]. Patel, D., Prasad, S. Kumar, R. & Hemalatha, S. (2012). An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2, 320-330.
  • [14]. Roman-Ramos, R., Flores-Saenz, J. & Alarcon-Aguilar, F. (1995). Anti-hyperglycemic effect of some edible plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 48, 25-32.
  • [15]. Pinheiro, C. & Chaves, M. (2011). Photosynthesis and drought: can we make metabolic connections from available data? Journal of Experimental Botany, 62, 869-882.
  • [16]. Hutchinson, J.F. (1995). Fundamentals of plant propagation by tissue culture [electronic resource] / J.F. Hutchinson and M. Barlass. Agriculture notes (Victoria. Dept. of Primary Industries) ; AG0245, vol Accessed from http://nla.gov.au/nla.cat-vn4224643 Dept. of Primary Industries, [Knoxfield, Vic.]
  • [17]. Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum., 15, 473-497.
  • [18]. Baque, M.A., Hahn, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2010). Growth, secondary metabolite production and antioxidant enzyme response of Morinda citrifolia adventitious root as affected by auxin and cytokinin. Plant Biotechnology Report, 4, 109-116.
  • [19]. Tariq, U., Ali, M. & Abbasi, B.H. (2014). Morphogenic and biochemical variations under different spectral lights in callus cultures of Artemisia absinthium L. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology B, 130, 264-271.
  • [20]. Ali, M. & Abbasi, B.H. (2013). Production of commercially important secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in cell suspension cultures of Artemisia absinthium L. Industrial Crops Produdcts, 49, 400-406.
  • [21]. Abbasi, B.H., Khan, M.A., Mahmood, T., Ahmad, M., & Chaudhary M.F. (2010). Shoot regeneration and free-radical scavenging activity in Silybum marianum L. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ. Culture, 101, 371-376.
  • [22]. Prieto, P., Pineda, M. & Aguilar M. (1999). Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry, 269, 337-341.
  • [23]. Dorman, H., Peltoketo, A., Hiltunen, R. & Tikkanen, M. (2003). Characterisation of the antioxidant properties of de-odourised aqueous extracts from selected Lamiaceae herbs. Food Chemistry, 83, 255-262.
  • [24]. Liu, C.Z., Abbasi, B.H., Gao, M., Murch, S.J. & Saxena, P.K. (2006). Caffeic acid derivatives production by hairy root cultures of Echinacea purpurea. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 54, 8456-8460.
  • [25]. Zhu, XY., Chai, SJ., Chen, L.P., Zhang, M.F. & Yu, J.Q. (2010). Induction and origin of adventitious roots from chimeras of Brassica juncea and Brassica oleracea. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 101, 287-294.
  • [26]. Calamar, A. & De Klerk, G.J. (2002). Effect of sucrose on adventitious root regeneration in apple. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 70, 207-212.
  • [27]. Cui., X.H., Murthy, H., Wu, C.H. & Paek, K.Y. (2010b). Sucrose-induced osmotic stress affects biomass, metabolite, and antioxidant levels in root suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum L. Plant cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 103, 7-14.
  • [28]. Wang, Y. & Weathers, P. (2007). Sugars proportionately affect artemisinin production. Plant Cell Reports, 26, 1073-1081.
  • [29]. Abbasi, B.H., C.L. Tian, Murch, S.J., Saxena P.K. & Liu., C.Z. (2007). Light-enhanced caffeic acid derivatives biosynthesis in hairy root cultures of Echinacea purpurea. Plant Cell Report, 26, 1367-1372.
  • [30]. Cieśla, Ł., Kowalska, I., Oleszek, W. & Stochmal, A. (2013). Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Polyphenolic Compounds Isolated from Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula Assessed by Means of Thin-layer Chromatography DPPH˙ Rapid Test. Phytochemical Analysis, 24, 47-52.
  • [31]. Rice-Evans, C.A., Miller, N.J. & Paganga, G. (1996). Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 20, 933-956.
  • [32]. Li, S.W., Xue, L., Xu, S., Feng H. & An, L. (2009). Mediators, genes and signaling in adventitious rooting. The Botanical Review, 75, 230-247.
  • [33]. Ferreres, F., Fernandes, F., Sousa, C., Valentão, P.C., Pereira, J.A. & Andrade, P.B. (2009). Metabolic and bioactivity insights into Brassica oleracea var. acephala. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 57, 8884-8892.
  • [34]. Velioglu, Y., Mazza, G., Gao, L. & Oomah, B. (1998). Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables, and grain products. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 46, 4113-4117.
  • [35]. Gil, M.I., Tomás-Barberán, F.A., Hess-Pierce, B., Holcroft, D.M. & Kader, A.A. (2000). Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 48 (10):4581-4589.
  • [36]. Lee, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2012). Enhanced productivity of biomass and bioactive compounds through bioreactor cultures of Eleutherococcus koreanum Nakai adventitious roots affected by medium salt strength. Industrial Crops and Products, 36, 460-465.
  • [37]. Wu, C.H., Murthy, H.N., Hahn E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2008). Establishment of adventitious root co-culture of Ginseng and Echinacea for the production of secondary metabolites. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 30, 891-896.

Adventitious roots formation for enhanced and sustainable production of antioxidants in Brassica oleracea var. acephala (Brassicaceae)

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 162 - 171, 15.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.530027

Abstract

Brassica oleracea var. acephala is listed as the healthiest vegetable due to its high valued secondary metabolites content and antioxidant potential. This study was conducted to establish adventitious roots (ARs) culture as an alternative and feasible production of antioxidant secondary metabolites. ARs were induced from cotyledon explants in commercially available Murashige and Skoog (MS) plant nutrient media, gelled with 0.8% phyto-agar and supplemented with different concentration (0.1 ̶ 1.5 mg·L-1) of auxins (α-Naphthalene acetic acid; NAA, or Indole acetic acid; IAA, or Indole-3-butyric acid; IBA). AR formation responses in MS media at varying concentrations (0 ̶ 50 g·L-1) of sucrose and initial media pH (4, 5.0, 5.8, 7 & 8) were also studied. The bioprocessing of ARs were studied in liquid MS media containing NAA (1.5 mg·L-1) as growth regulator. The growth curve, important antioxidants (phenols & flavonoids), and free radical scavenging potential of ARs were studied for a period of 9-weeks. The ARs at stationary phase (7-week) attained highest accumulation of phenols and flavonoids, which ultimately showed the highest reactive species scavenging potential. This study provides the base for production of B. oleraceae var. acephala secondary metabolites on large scale to strengthen the bio-based economy of developing world.

References

  • [1]. Carvalho, E.B. & Curtis, W.R. (1998). Characterization of fluid‐flow resistance in root cultures with a convective flow tubular bioreactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 60, 375-384.
  • [2]. Nagarajan, A., Arivalagan, U. & Rajaguru, P. (2011). In vitro root induction and studies on antibacterial activity of root extract of Costus igneus on clinically important human pathogens. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research, 1, 67-76.
  • [3]. Cui., X.H., Chakrabarty, D., Lee E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2010a). Production of adventitious roots and secondary metabolites by Hypericum perforatum L. in a bioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 101, 4708-4716.
  • [4]. Baque, M.A., Elgirban, A., Lee, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2012). Sucrose regulated enhanced induction of anthraquinone, phenolics, flavonoids biosynthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes in adventitious root suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia (L.). Acta physiologia Plantarum, 34, 405-415.
  • [5]. Cogbill, S., Faulcon, T., Jones, G., McDaniel, M., Harmon, G., Blackmon, R. & Young, M. (2010). Adventitious shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants of rapid-cycling fast plants of Brassica rapa L. Plant cell Tissue Organ, 101, 127-133.
  • [6]. Musgrave, M.E. (2000) Realizing the potential of rapid-cycling Brassica as a model system for use in plant biology research. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 19, 314-325.
  • [7]. BALCǍU, S.L., Apahidean, M., Zaharia, A. & Delia, P. (2012). The Influence of Organic Fertilizers Concerning the Growth and Development of Brassica oleracea var. acephala Plants. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Horticulture, 69 (1), 64-70.
  • [8]. Balkaya, A. & Yanmaz, R. (2005) Promising kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) populations from Black Sea region, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop Horticulture, 33, 1-7.
  • [9]. Indrea, D., Apahidean, S., Apahidean, M., Măniuțiu, D. & Sima, R. (2009). Vegetable Farming, Ed. Ceres, București.
  • [10]. Nieuwhof, M. (1969). Cole Crops. Leonard Hill. Cole Crops Leonard Hill
  • [11]. Moreno, D.A., Carvajal, M., López-Berenguer, C. & García-Viguera, C. (2006) Chemical and biological characterisation of nutraceutical compounds of broccoli. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical analysis, 41, 1508-1522.
  • [12]. Traka, M. & Mithen, R. (2009). Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and human health. Phytochemistry Review, 8, 269-282.
  • [13]. Patel, D., Prasad, S. Kumar, R. & Hemalatha, S. (2012). An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2, 320-330.
  • [14]. Roman-Ramos, R., Flores-Saenz, J. & Alarcon-Aguilar, F. (1995). Anti-hyperglycemic effect of some edible plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 48, 25-32.
  • [15]. Pinheiro, C. & Chaves, M. (2011). Photosynthesis and drought: can we make metabolic connections from available data? Journal of Experimental Botany, 62, 869-882.
  • [16]. Hutchinson, J.F. (1995). Fundamentals of plant propagation by tissue culture [electronic resource] / J.F. Hutchinson and M. Barlass. Agriculture notes (Victoria. Dept. of Primary Industries) ; AG0245, vol Accessed from http://nla.gov.au/nla.cat-vn4224643 Dept. of Primary Industries, [Knoxfield, Vic.]
  • [17]. Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum., 15, 473-497.
  • [18]. Baque, M.A., Hahn, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2010). Growth, secondary metabolite production and antioxidant enzyme response of Morinda citrifolia adventitious root as affected by auxin and cytokinin. Plant Biotechnology Report, 4, 109-116.
  • [19]. Tariq, U., Ali, M. & Abbasi, B.H. (2014). Morphogenic and biochemical variations under different spectral lights in callus cultures of Artemisia absinthium L. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology B, 130, 264-271.
  • [20]. Ali, M. & Abbasi, B.H. (2013). Production of commercially important secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in cell suspension cultures of Artemisia absinthium L. Industrial Crops Produdcts, 49, 400-406.
  • [21]. Abbasi, B.H., Khan, M.A., Mahmood, T., Ahmad, M., & Chaudhary M.F. (2010). Shoot regeneration and free-radical scavenging activity in Silybum marianum L. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ. Culture, 101, 371-376.
  • [22]. Prieto, P., Pineda, M. & Aguilar M. (1999). Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry, 269, 337-341.
  • [23]. Dorman, H., Peltoketo, A., Hiltunen, R. & Tikkanen, M. (2003). Characterisation of the antioxidant properties of de-odourised aqueous extracts from selected Lamiaceae herbs. Food Chemistry, 83, 255-262.
  • [24]. Liu, C.Z., Abbasi, B.H., Gao, M., Murch, S.J. & Saxena, P.K. (2006). Caffeic acid derivatives production by hairy root cultures of Echinacea purpurea. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 54, 8456-8460.
  • [25]. Zhu, XY., Chai, SJ., Chen, L.P., Zhang, M.F. & Yu, J.Q. (2010). Induction and origin of adventitious roots from chimeras of Brassica juncea and Brassica oleracea. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 101, 287-294.
  • [26]. Calamar, A. & De Klerk, G.J. (2002). Effect of sucrose on adventitious root regeneration in apple. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 70, 207-212.
  • [27]. Cui., X.H., Murthy, H., Wu, C.H. & Paek, K.Y. (2010b). Sucrose-induced osmotic stress affects biomass, metabolite, and antioxidant levels in root suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum L. Plant cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 103, 7-14.
  • [28]. Wang, Y. & Weathers, P. (2007). Sugars proportionately affect artemisinin production. Plant Cell Reports, 26, 1073-1081.
  • [29]. Abbasi, B.H., C.L. Tian, Murch, S.J., Saxena P.K. & Liu., C.Z. (2007). Light-enhanced caffeic acid derivatives biosynthesis in hairy root cultures of Echinacea purpurea. Plant Cell Report, 26, 1367-1372.
  • [30]. Cieśla, Ł., Kowalska, I., Oleszek, W. & Stochmal, A. (2013). Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Polyphenolic Compounds Isolated from Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula Assessed by Means of Thin-layer Chromatography DPPH˙ Rapid Test. Phytochemical Analysis, 24, 47-52.
  • [31]. Rice-Evans, C.A., Miller, N.J. & Paganga, G. (1996). Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 20, 933-956.
  • [32]. Li, S.W., Xue, L., Xu, S., Feng H. & An, L. (2009). Mediators, genes and signaling in adventitious rooting. The Botanical Review, 75, 230-247.
  • [33]. Ferreres, F., Fernandes, F., Sousa, C., Valentão, P.C., Pereira, J.A. & Andrade, P.B. (2009). Metabolic and bioactivity insights into Brassica oleracea var. acephala. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 57, 8884-8892.
  • [34]. Velioglu, Y., Mazza, G., Gao, L. & Oomah, B. (1998). Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables, and grain products. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 46, 4113-4117.
  • [35]. Gil, M.I., Tomás-Barberán, F.A., Hess-Pierce, B., Holcroft, D.M. & Kader, A.A. (2000). Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 48 (10):4581-4589.
  • [36]. Lee, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2012). Enhanced productivity of biomass and bioactive compounds through bioreactor cultures of Eleutherococcus koreanum Nakai adventitious roots affected by medium salt strength. Industrial Crops and Products, 36, 460-465.
  • [37]. Wu, C.H., Murthy, H.N., Hahn E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2008). Establishment of adventitious root co-culture of Ginseng and Echinacea for the production of secondary metabolites. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 30, 891-896.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muhammad Adil 0000-0001-7328-1550

Bilal Haider Abbasi This is me

Publication Date July 15, 2019
Submission Date February 20, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Adil, M., & Abbasi, B. H. (2019). Adventitious roots formation for enhanced and sustainable production of antioxidants in Brassica oleracea var. acephala (Brassicaceae). International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 6(2), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.530027
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite

e-ISSN: 2148-6905