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Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 145 - 170, 03.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.283595

Abstract

Energy resources are fundamental inputs in countries’ development in terms of economic, industrial and technical aspects and facilitating countries’ social lives. The sustainability of countries’ economies is possible with energy resources. The reserve levels and diversification of energy resources and accessibility to these resources steer the energy policies of countries. Another factor affecting these policies the transportation of oil and natural gas resources. Transporting hydrocarbon resources safely, diversity of countries’ energy kinds and commanding the energy market and routes increase countries’ economic and political power and their geopolitical and geostrategic importance. In this study, reserves of oil and natural gas that are the leading resources providing energy globally and locally, production and consumption of these resources, competition between countries in the energy market, geopolitical importance of production areas and globally powerful countries’ energy policies that are implemented to gain economic and political power were discussed. Even though interests of the US, Russia, China, Japan and EU countries sometimes clash, they come together with energy related agreements and projects. The US lifting the embargo on Iran is an obvious indication that the countries have entered a new era in energy policies. There is a great struggle between the US and Russia over world’s energy regions and pipe line routes in energy transportation. In this power struggle, China, Japan, Iran, EU countries and India are getting involved in this energy struggle on a regional and global scale.

Keywords: Energy, energy geopolitics, energy sources, energy policy

Enerji kaynaklarının jeopolitiği ve küresel güçlerin enerji politikaları

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 145 - 170, 03.01.2017
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.283595

Abstract

Enerji kaynakları ülkelerin iktisadi, sanayi ve teknik yönlerden geliştirilmesinde, sosyal hayatlarının kolaylaştırılmasında temel bir girdidir. Ülke ekonomilerinin sürdürülebilirliğinin gerçekleştirilmesinde başlıca etken olarak enerji kaynakları görülmektedir. Enerji kaynaklarının rezerv durumu,  çeşitliliği, üretimi ve bu kaynaklara erişebilirlik de ülkelerin enerji politikalarına yön vermektedir. Bu politikaları etkileyen diğer bir husus da petrol ve doğal gaz kaynaklarının naklidir. Hidrokarbon kaynakların güvenli bir şekilde nakli, ülkelerin enerji kalemlerinin çeşitliliği ve enerji üzerinde söz sahibi olma durumu, ülkelerin tüm dünyada ekonomik ve siyasi güçlerini, jeopolitik ve jeostratejik önemlerini de arttırmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, küresel ve yerel olarak enerjinin sağlanmasında başta gelen kaynaklar olan petrol ve doğal gazın rezervi, üretim ve tüketimi ile enerjinin ulaşımı, boru hatlarının Türkiye ve diğer ülkeler nezdinde önemi, bu hatların geçtiği ülkelerin siyasi ve ekonomik anlamda güç kazanmak amacıyla uyguladıkları enerji politikaları üzerinde durulmuştur.

ABD, Rusya, Çin, İran, Japonya ve AB ülkelerinin zaman zaman çıkarları çatışsa da kendi aralarında enerji ile ilgili antlaşmalar ve projelerde bir araya gelmektedirler. ABD’nin İran üzerindeki ambargoyu kaldırması enerji politikalarında ülkelerin yeni bir döneme girdiğinin en belirgin göstergesidir. ABD ve Rusya arasında dünya enerji alanları ve enerji ulaşımında boru hatları güzergahları üzerine büyük bir mücadele yaşanmaktadır. Bu güç yarışında Çin, Japonya, İran, AB ülkeleri ve Hindistan bölgesel ve küresel ölçekte enerji alanında bu yarışa müdahil olmaktadırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Enerji, enerji jeopolitiği, enerji kaynakları, enerji politikaları.

Abstract

Energy resources are fundamental inputs in countries’ development in terms of economic, industrial and technical aspects and facilitating countries’ social lives. The sustainability of countries’ economies is possible with energy resources. The reserve levels and diversification of energy resources and accessibility to these resources steer the energy policies of countries. Another factor affecting these policies the transportation of oil and natural gas resources. Transporting hydrocarbon resources safely, diversity of countries’ energy kinds and commanding the energy market and routes increase countries’ economic and political power and their geopolitical and geostrategic importance.

In this study, reserves of oil and natural gas that are the leading resources providing energy globally and locally, production and consumption of these resources, competition between countries in the energy market, geopolitical importance of production areas and globally powerful countries’ energy policies that are implemented to gain economic and political power were discussed.

Even though interests of the US, Russia, China, Japan and EU countries sometimes clash, they come together with energy related agreements and projects. The US lifting the embargo on Iran is an obvious indication that the countries have entered a new era in energy policies. There is a great struggle between the US and Russia over world’s energy regions and pipe line routes in energy transportation. In this power struggle, China, Japan, Iran, EU countries and India are getting involved in this energy struggle on a regional and global scale. 

Keywords: Energy, energy geopolitics, energy sources, energy policy.

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Muazzez Harunoğulları This is me

Publication Date January 3, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

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APA Harunoğulları, M. (2017). Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3(1), 145-170. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.283595
AMA Harunoğulları M. Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. January 2017;3(1):145-170. doi:10.24289/ijsser.283595
Chicago Harunoğulları, Muazzez. “Geopolitics of Energy Resources and Energy Policy of Global Powers”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3, no. 1 (January 2017): 145-70. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.283595.
EndNote Harunoğulları M (January 1, 2017) Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3 1 145–170.
IEEE M. Harunoğulları, “Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers”, International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 145–170, 2017, doi: 10.24289/ijsser.283595.
ISNAD Harunoğulları, Muazzez. “Geopolitics of Energy Resources and Energy Policy of Global Powers”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3/1 (January 2017), 145-170. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.283595.
JAMA Harunoğulları M. Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2017;3:145–170.
MLA Harunoğulları, Muazzez. “Geopolitics of Energy Resources and Energy Policy of Global Powers”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, pp. 145-70, doi:10.24289/ijsser.283595.
Vancouver Harunoğulları M. Geopolitics of energy resources and energy policy of global powers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2017;3(1):145-70.

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