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WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’

Year 2012, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 313 - 323, 01.06.2012

Abstract

Does international politics today face a crisis in conceptual clarity? Curiously so. The Israeli threat of pre-emptive military strikes against Iran for its current uranium enrichment program is essentially a threat of preventive attack in anticipation of a probable security risk in the distant future. Conversely, it is Iran which faces an imminent threat from Israel and can resort to pre-emptive measures on grounds of self-defense. This terminological confusion is a political manipulation to avail of the exception to the threat or use of force under Article 51 of the UN Charter as well as legitimize the exercise of cyber deterrence through Stuxnet and Flame viruses. Cyber deterrence must be the latest addition to the conventional military deterrence strategies as it embodies the threat of Unilaterally inflicted Assured Destruction (UAD), particularly through cyber war. Since cyber wars can transform conflicts or wars into asymmetrical battles for power, they can dangerously impede self-defense. Thus, the international community should unanimously consent to abandon the use of cyber deterrence strategies for a peaceful and safe present and future

References

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  • Reynolds, James, BBC (25 April 2012), Iran undecided on nuclear bomb
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  • Vanaik, Achin (1988), “Why NPT Is Unacceptable”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol 23, No. 36, pp. 1825
  • Wikipedia (12 September 2012), Stuxnet, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet, Accessed 16.09.2012]
  • Lee, Dave, BBC (4 June 2012), Flame: Attackers 'sought confidential Iran data', http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-18324234, [Accessed 6.06.2012]
  • Sanger, David E, New York Times (1 June 2012), Obama Order Sped Up Wave http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/01/world/middleeast/obama-ordered-wave-of- cyberattacks-against-iran.html?_r=2&pagewanted=2&seid=auto&smid=tw- nytimespolitics&pagewanted=all, [Accessed 6.06.2012] nuclear issue, to nods, winks and blind eyes, of Iran, Accessed on of Cyberattacks Against Iran, Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_cyberattacks_on_Estonia, 06.2012]
  • Traynor, Ian, The Guardian (17 May 2007), Russia accused of unleashing cyberwar http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/may/17/topstories3.russia, 02.2012]
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Year 2012, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 313 - 323, 01.06.2012

Abstract

References

  • Middle East Online (20 September 2012), Israel steps outside flock: Summit on online.com/english/?id=54478, [Accessed 26.09.2012]
  • Reynolds, James, BBC (25 April 2012), Iran undecided on nuclear bomb
  • Israel military chief, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17837768, Accessed on 25.04.2012]
  • Williams, Geoffrey Lee and Alan Lee Williams (1974), Crisis in European
  • Defense: The Next Ten Years, London: Charles Knight & Co Ltd. Kurtulus, Ersun N (2007), “The Notion of a ‘Pre-Emptive War’: the Six Day
  • War Revisited”, Middle East Journal, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 220-238. Luban, David (2004), “Preventive War”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. , No. 3, pp. 207-248
  • Waltz, Kenneth N, Foreign Affairs (2012), Why Iran Should Get the Bomb, http://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/IRBr/pt- br/file/CAD/LXII%20CAD/Pol%C3%ADtica/Why%20Iran%20Should%20Get% the%20Bomb.pdf, [Accessed 13.08.2012]
  • Bas, Muhammet A. and Andrew J. Coe (2010), “Arms Diffusion and War”
  • Department of Government Harvard University Working Paper. Cambridge: Harvard University BBC http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11709428, [Accessed 6.03.2012]
  • Tisdall, Simon, The Guardian (23 May 2010), Israel's nuclear weapons: the end http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/may/23/israel-nuclear-weapons, Accessed 24.05.2012]
  • Cohen, Avner (1998), Israel and the Bomb, New York: Columbia University Press
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (24 February 2012), Implementation of the NPT Safeguards
  • Agreement and relevant provisions of Security Council resolutions in the Islamic Republic http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Board/2012/gov2012-9.pdf, Accessed 24.05.2012]
  • BBC (18 May 2012), UN nuclear chief to visit Iran for talks, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18122752, 05.2012]
  • Vanaik, Achin (1988), “Why NPT Is Unacceptable”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol 23, No. 36, pp. 1825
  • Wikipedia (12 September 2012), Stuxnet, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet, Accessed 16.09.2012]
  • Lee, Dave, BBC (4 June 2012), Flame: Attackers 'sought confidential Iran data', http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-18324234, [Accessed 6.06.2012]
  • Sanger, David E, New York Times (1 June 2012), Obama Order Sped Up Wave http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/01/world/middleeast/obama-ordered-wave-of- cyberattacks-against-iran.html?_r=2&pagewanted=2&seid=auto&smid=tw- nytimespolitics&pagewanted=all, [Accessed 6.06.2012] nuclear issue, to nods, winks and blind eyes, of Iran, Accessed on of Cyberattacks Against Iran, Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_cyberattacks_on_Estonia, 06.2012]
  • Traynor, Ian, The Guardian (17 May 2007), Russia accused of unleashing cyberwar http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/may/17/topstories3.russia, 02.2012]
  • Marcus, Jonathan, BBC (27 February 2012), How Israel might strike at Iran, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17115643, [Accessed 27.02.2012]
  • Rawls, John (1999), “Justice as Fairness”, (in: Samuel Freeman-Ed., Collected Papers: John Rawls,), New Delhi: Oxford University Press , pp 1- 672 Estonia, Accessed to disable Estonia, Accessed
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA47FK66YA
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sanghamitra Nath This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nath, S. (2012). WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 4(1), 313-323.
AMA Nath S. WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’. IJ-SSHS. June 2012;4(1):313-323.
Chicago Nath, Sanghamitra. “WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4, no. 1 (June 2012): 313-23.
EndNote Nath S (June 1, 2012) WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4 1 313–323.
IEEE S. Nath, “WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’”, IJ-SSHS, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 313–323, 2012.
ISNAD Nath, Sanghamitra. “WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4/1 (June 2012), 313-323.
JAMA Nath S. WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’. IJ-SSHS. 2012;4:313–323.
MLA Nath, Sanghamitra. “WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, vol. 4, no. 1, 2012, pp. 313-2.
Vancouver Nath S. WHAT MILITARY DETERRENCE CANNOT DO, CYBER DETERRENCE CAN DO TO IRAN: EXPLORING THE IMPLICATIONS OF MANIPULATIVE INCESSANT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘PREEMPTIVE’. IJ-SSHS. 2012;4(1):313-2.