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COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 71 - 82, 01.06.2010

Abstract

This study investigated ethnic similarities and differences in the perception of success in life among Belgian adolescents. A specifically developed scale (Perception of Success in Life scale) was administered to 1726 participants. Respondents rated the importance of 20 success-items. The dichotomy individualism-collectivism was employed to better understand differences between both groups. According to this dimension Muslim ethnic minority youth has a rather collectivistic background, whereas the culture of majority youth is typically Western individualistic. As expected ethnic minority youth valued a more traditional (collectivistic) perspective of success, in which family life plays a central role, combined with self direction (individualistic), whereas majority adolescents specifically favour perceptions related to autonomy (self direction)

References

  • Berry J. W. (1997) ‘Immigration, acculturation and adaptation’, Applied Psychology: An.
  • International Review, vol. 46, pp. 5-68
  • Bond M. H. (1988) ‘Finding universal dimensions of individual variation in multicultural studies of values: The Rokeach and Chinese value surveys’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 55, pp. 1009-1015
  • Brown A. l., Palinscar A. & Purcell L. (1986) ‘Poor teachers: Teach, don’t label’, in Ulric Neisser
  • (ed.), The school achievement of minority children: New perspectives, Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 105-143
  • Burroughs J. & Rindfleish A. (2002) ‘Materialism and well-being: a conflicting values perspective’ Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 29, no.3, pp. 348-370
  • Chirkov V., Ryam, R.M, Kim Y. & Kaplan U. (2003) ‘Differentiating autonomy from individualism and independence: A self-determination theory perspective on internalisation of cultural orientations and well-being’ Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 1, no. 84, pp. 97-110
  • Crul M. 2000 ‘De sleutel tot succes. Over hulp, keuzes en kansen in de schoolloopbanen van
  • Turkse en Marokkaanse jongeren van de tweede generatie’. [The key to success. Help, choices and chances in school careers of Turkish and Moroccan second generation youth], Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis Cukur C.S., De Guzman M.R. & Carlo G. (2004) ‘Religiosity, Values, and Horizontal and Vertical
  • Individualism-Collectivism: A Study of Turkey, the United States, and the Philippines’, The Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 613-634
  • Deci E.l. & Ryan R. (1985) Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour, New York: Plenum
  • De Meester K. & Mahieu P. (2000) Onstuimig. Hartstochtelijk of heftig bewegend. Onderzoek
  • Studenten uit migratie. Allochtone studenten in de Vlaamse hogescholen, [Ethnic minority students in higher education], Antwerpen: UFSIA. Dobbelaere K. (2003) ‘Trends in de Katholieke godsdienstigheid eind 20ste eeuw: België vergeleken met West- en Centraal-Europese Landen’, [Trends in Catholicism at the end of the 20th century: Belgium compared to other Western and central European countries] Tijdschrift voor sociologie, vol.24, no.1, pp. 9-36
  • Feather N.T. 1986 ‘Value systems across cultures: Australia and China’ International journal of
  • Psychology, vol. 21, no.1, pp. 697-715
  • Gaines S.,. Larbie J., Patel S., Pereira L. & Sereke-Melake Z. (2005) ‘Cultural Values Among
  • African-Descended Persons in the United Kingdom: Comparisons With European-Descended and Asian-Descended Persons’ Journal of Black Psychology, vol. 31, no. 2, 130-151
  • Grotevant H.D. & Cooper C.R. (1998) ‘Individuality and connectedness in adolescent development: Review and prospects for research on identity, relationships, and context’, in Eva
  • Skoe and Anna von der Lippe (eds), Personality development in adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective, London: Routledge, pp. 3-37
  • Hermans P. (1994) ‘Opgroeien als Marokkaan in Brussel, Een antropologisch onderzoek over de educatie, de leefwereld en de inpassing van Marokkaanse jongens’. [Growing up as a Moroccan in
  • Brussels] Brussels: Cultuur en Migratie Hofstede G. (1980) ‘Culture's consequences: International differences in work related values’,
  • Beverly Hills CA: Sage Hui C.) H. (1988) ‘Measurement of individualism-collectivism’. Journal of Research in Personality, vol. 22, pp. 17-36.
  • Inglehart R. & Baker W.E. (2000) ‘Modernization, Cultural Change, and the Persistence of
  • Traditional Values’, American Sociological Review, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 19-51
  • Kagitçibasi C. (1994) ‘A critical appraisal of individualism and collectivism: Toward a new formulation’, in Uichol Kim et al. (eds), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage
  • Kailin J. (1994) ‘Anti-racist staff development for teachers: Considerations of race, class and gender’, Teaching and Teacher Education, vol.10, no.2, pp. 169–184
  • Kapoor S., Comadena M.E. & Blue J. (1996) ‘Adaptation to Host Cultures: An Individualist
  • Collectivist Approach’, Intercultural Communication Studies, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 35-54
  • Kim U., Triandis H.C., Kagitcibasi C., Choi S.G. & Yoon G. (1994) Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage
  • Lievens J. (2000) ‘The third wave of immigration from Turkey and Morocco: determinants nd characteristics’ In: Lesthaeghe Ronald. (ed) Communities and generations. Turkish and Moroccan populations in Belgium, Brussels: VUBpress
  • Markus H.R. & Kitayama S. (1991) ‘Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation’, Psychological Review, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 224–253
  • Mc Clelland D.C. (1961) The achieving society, New York: The Free Press
  • Mertens K., Lombaerts K. & Verté D. (2007) ‘Success in life for adolescent Muslim migrants’,
  • International Journal of Diversity in Organisations, Communities and Nations, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 176 Phalet K., Vanlotringen C. & Entzinger H. (2000) Islam in de multiculturele samenleving. [Islam in the Multicultural Society], Ercomer Report
  • Phalet K. & Ter Wal J. (eds) (2004) Moslim in Nederland. De publieke discussie over de islam in
  • Nederland: Een analyse van artikelen in de Volkskrant 1998-2002, [Being a Muslim in the Netherlands: the public debate on Islam in the Netherlands. An analysis of articles in the Volkskrant] Den Hague: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
  • Ryan R.M. & Deci E.L. (2000) ‘Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being’, American Psychology, vol. 55, pp. 68–78
  • Savage T. (2004) ‘Europe and Islam: Crescent waxing, cultures clashing’, Washington Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 25–50
  • Schuon F. (1994) ‘Understanding Islam’ World Wisdom Books, Bloomington, Indiana
  • Schwartz S. (1994) ‘Are there universal aspects in the structure and content of human values?’
  • Journal of Social Issues, vol. 50, pp. 40-42. Schwartz S.J. (2007) ‘The Applicability of Familism to Diverse Ethnic Groups: A Preliminary
  • Study’, Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 101-118
  • Shadid W. (2005) ‘Berichtgeving over moslims en de islam in de westerse media: beeldvorming, oorzaken en alternatieve strategieën’. [Coverage on Muslims and Islam in Western media],
  • Tijdschrift voor communicatiewetenschap, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 330-346
  • Talhaoui M. (2000) Naar een actieve migrantenbewustwording, [Towards an active awareness of migrants] De Morgen 27 april
  • Tielens M. (2005) De etnostratificatie op de Vlaamse arbeidsmarkt, [ethnic stratification in
  • Flemish labour market], Leuven: WAV-rapport Timmerman C., Vanderwaeren E. & Crul M. (2003) ‘The second generation in Belgium’.
  • International Migration Review, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1065-1090
  • Triandis H.C. (1989) ‘The self and social behaviour in differing cultural contexts’, Psychological review, vol.96, no. 3, pp. 506-520
  • Triandis H.C. (1990) ‘Theoretical concepts are applicable to the analysis of ethnocentrism’ in:
  • R.W. Brislin (ed.) Applied Cross Cultural Psychology, Newbury Park: Sage Publications Triandis H.C. (2001) ‘Individualism and collectivism, past, present and future’ in: David
  • Matsumoto (ed), The handbook of culture and psychology, pp. 35-50
  • Triandis H.C. & Gelfand M.J. (1998) ‘Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism an collectivism’. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 1, no. 74, pp. 128
  • Triandis H.C., Bontempo K., Villareal M.J., Asai M.. & Lucca N. (1988) ‘Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-in-group relationships’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 2, no. 54, pp. 323-338
  • Van der Veen I. (2001) Successful Turkish and Moroccan students in the Netherlands. Apeldoorn: Garant.
  • Van San M. (2001) Criminaliteit en criminalisering: allochtone jongeren in België, [Criminality: ethnic minority youth in Belgium] Amsterdam: University Press
  • Zeijl E. 2003. Politieke en maatschappelijke participatie. [Political and societal participation] In
  • Elke Zeijl (ed), Rapportage jeugd 2002. Den Hague: SCP, pp. 103-124
Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 71 - 82, 01.06.2010

Abstract

References

  • Berry J. W. (1997) ‘Immigration, acculturation and adaptation’, Applied Psychology: An.
  • International Review, vol. 46, pp. 5-68
  • Bond M. H. (1988) ‘Finding universal dimensions of individual variation in multicultural studies of values: The Rokeach and Chinese value surveys’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 55, pp. 1009-1015
  • Brown A. l., Palinscar A. & Purcell L. (1986) ‘Poor teachers: Teach, don’t label’, in Ulric Neisser
  • (ed.), The school achievement of minority children: New perspectives, Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 105-143
  • Burroughs J. & Rindfleish A. (2002) ‘Materialism and well-being: a conflicting values perspective’ Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 29, no.3, pp. 348-370
  • Chirkov V., Ryam, R.M, Kim Y. & Kaplan U. (2003) ‘Differentiating autonomy from individualism and independence: A self-determination theory perspective on internalisation of cultural orientations and well-being’ Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 1, no. 84, pp. 97-110
  • Crul M. 2000 ‘De sleutel tot succes. Over hulp, keuzes en kansen in de schoolloopbanen van
  • Turkse en Marokkaanse jongeren van de tweede generatie’. [The key to success. Help, choices and chances in school careers of Turkish and Moroccan second generation youth], Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis Cukur C.S., De Guzman M.R. & Carlo G. (2004) ‘Religiosity, Values, and Horizontal and Vertical
  • Individualism-Collectivism: A Study of Turkey, the United States, and the Philippines’, The Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 613-634
  • Deci E.l. & Ryan R. (1985) Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour, New York: Plenum
  • De Meester K. & Mahieu P. (2000) Onstuimig. Hartstochtelijk of heftig bewegend. Onderzoek
  • Studenten uit migratie. Allochtone studenten in de Vlaamse hogescholen, [Ethnic minority students in higher education], Antwerpen: UFSIA. Dobbelaere K. (2003) ‘Trends in de Katholieke godsdienstigheid eind 20ste eeuw: België vergeleken met West- en Centraal-Europese Landen’, [Trends in Catholicism at the end of the 20th century: Belgium compared to other Western and central European countries] Tijdschrift voor sociologie, vol.24, no.1, pp. 9-36
  • Feather N.T. 1986 ‘Value systems across cultures: Australia and China’ International journal of
  • Psychology, vol. 21, no.1, pp. 697-715
  • Gaines S.,. Larbie J., Patel S., Pereira L. & Sereke-Melake Z. (2005) ‘Cultural Values Among
  • African-Descended Persons in the United Kingdom: Comparisons With European-Descended and Asian-Descended Persons’ Journal of Black Psychology, vol. 31, no. 2, 130-151
  • Grotevant H.D. & Cooper C.R. (1998) ‘Individuality and connectedness in adolescent development: Review and prospects for research on identity, relationships, and context’, in Eva
  • Skoe and Anna von der Lippe (eds), Personality development in adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective, London: Routledge, pp. 3-37
  • Hermans P. (1994) ‘Opgroeien als Marokkaan in Brussel, Een antropologisch onderzoek over de educatie, de leefwereld en de inpassing van Marokkaanse jongens’. [Growing up as a Moroccan in
  • Brussels] Brussels: Cultuur en Migratie Hofstede G. (1980) ‘Culture's consequences: International differences in work related values’,
  • Beverly Hills CA: Sage Hui C.) H. (1988) ‘Measurement of individualism-collectivism’. Journal of Research in Personality, vol. 22, pp. 17-36.
  • Inglehart R. & Baker W.E. (2000) ‘Modernization, Cultural Change, and the Persistence of
  • Traditional Values’, American Sociological Review, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 19-51
  • Kagitçibasi C. (1994) ‘A critical appraisal of individualism and collectivism: Toward a new formulation’, in Uichol Kim et al. (eds), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage
  • Kailin J. (1994) ‘Anti-racist staff development for teachers: Considerations of race, class and gender’, Teaching and Teacher Education, vol.10, no.2, pp. 169–184
  • Kapoor S., Comadena M.E. & Blue J. (1996) ‘Adaptation to Host Cultures: An Individualist
  • Collectivist Approach’, Intercultural Communication Studies, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 35-54
  • Kim U., Triandis H.C., Kagitcibasi C., Choi S.G. & Yoon G. (1994) Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage
  • Lievens J. (2000) ‘The third wave of immigration from Turkey and Morocco: determinants nd characteristics’ In: Lesthaeghe Ronald. (ed) Communities and generations. Turkish and Moroccan populations in Belgium, Brussels: VUBpress
  • Markus H.R. & Kitayama S. (1991) ‘Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation’, Psychological Review, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 224–253
  • Mc Clelland D.C. (1961) The achieving society, New York: The Free Press
  • Mertens K., Lombaerts K. & Verté D. (2007) ‘Success in life for adolescent Muslim migrants’,
  • International Journal of Diversity in Organisations, Communities and Nations, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 176 Phalet K., Vanlotringen C. & Entzinger H. (2000) Islam in de multiculturele samenleving. [Islam in the Multicultural Society], Ercomer Report
  • Phalet K. & Ter Wal J. (eds) (2004) Moslim in Nederland. De publieke discussie over de islam in
  • Nederland: Een analyse van artikelen in de Volkskrant 1998-2002, [Being a Muslim in the Netherlands: the public debate on Islam in the Netherlands. An analysis of articles in the Volkskrant] Den Hague: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
  • Ryan R.M. & Deci E.L. (2000) ‘Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being’, American Psychology, vol. 55, pp. 68–78
  • Savage T. (2004) ‘Europe and Islam: Crescent waxing, cultures clashing’, Washington Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 25–50
  • Schuon F. (1994) ‘Understanding Islam’ World Wisdom Books, Bloomington, Indiana
  • Schwartz S. (1994) ‘Are there universal aspects in the structure and content of human values?’
  • Journal of Social Issues, vol. 50, pp. 40-42. Schwartz S.J. (2007) ‘The Applicability of Familism to Diverse Ethnic Groups: A Preliminary
  • Study’, Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 101-118
  • Shadid W. (2005) ‘Berichtgeving over moslims en de islam in de westerse media: beeldvorming, oorzaken en alternatieve strategieën’. [Coverage on Muslims and Islam in Western media],
  • Tijdschrift voor communicatiewetenschap, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 330-346
  • Talhaoui M. (2000) Naar een actieve migrantenbewustwording, [Towards an active awareness of migrants] De Morgen 27 april
  • Tielens M. (2005) De etnostratificatie op de Vlaamse arbeidsmarkt, [ethnic stratification in
  • Flemish labour market], Leuven: WAV-rapport Timmerman C., Vanderwaeren E. & Crul M. (2003) ‘The second generation in Belgium’.
  • International Migration Review, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1065-1090
  • Triandis H.C. (1989) ‘The self and social behaviour in differing cultural contexts’, Psychological review, vol.96, no. 3, pp. 506-520
  • Triandis H.C. (1990) ‘Theoretical concepts are applicable to the analysis of ethnocentrism’ in:
  • R.W. Brislin (ed.) Applied Cross Cultural Psychology, Newbury Park: Sage Publications Triandis H.C. (2001) ‘Individualism and collectivism, past, present and future’ in: David
  • Matsumoto (ed), The handbook of culture and psychology, pp. 35-50
  • Triandis H.C. & Gelfand M.J. (1998) ‘Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism an collectivism’. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 1, no. 74, pp. 128
  • Triandis H.C., Bontempo K., Villareal M.J., Asai M.. & Lucca N. (1988) ‘Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-in-group relationships’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 2, no. 54, pp. 323-338
  • Van der Veen I. (2001) Successful Turkish and Moroccan students in the Netherlands. Apeldoorn: Garant.
  • Van San M. (2001) Criminaliteit en criminalisering: allochtone jongeren in België, [Criminality: ethnic minority youth in Belgium] Amsterdam: University Press
  • Zeijl E. 2003. Politieke en maatschappelijke participatie. [Political and societal participation] In
  • Elke Zeijl (ed), Rapportage jeugd 2002. Den Hague: SCP, pp. 103-124
There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA65EU64HE
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Katrien Mertens“ This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Mertens“, K. (2010). COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 2(1), 71-82.
AMA Mertens“ K. COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE. IJ-SSHS. June 2010;2(1):71-82.
Chicago Mertens“, Katrien. “COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 2, no. 1 (June 2010): 71-82.
EndNote Mertens“ K (June 1, 2010) COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 2 1 71–82.
IEEE K. Mertens“, “COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE”, IJ-SSHS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 71–82, 2010.
ISNAD Mertens“, Katrien. “COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 2/1 (June 2010), 71-82.
JAMA Mertens“ K. COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE. IJ-SSHS. 2010;2:71–82.
MLA Mertens“, Katrien. “COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, 2010, pp. 71-82.
Vancouver Mertens“ K. COMPARISON OF ETHNIC MINORITY AND NATIVE MAJORITY YOUTH IN THEIR PERCEPTION OF SUCCESS IN LIFE. IJ-SSHS. 2010;2(1):71-82.