Research Article
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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phenolic Component Analysis of Some Edge Medicinal Plants

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 17 - 25, 21.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1233624

Abstract

Objective: The plants, which grow wild in the Eastern Anatolia Region and are known as kari (Arum elongatum;Ae) and mende (Chaerophyllum macrospermum;Cm), are used for treatment purposes such as pain reliever and wound healing properties. It is aimed to determine some biological properties of these plants, which are also used medicinally.
Material-Method: Firstly, hexane(H), ethanol(E) and acetone(A) extracts of dried plants were prepared and antimicrobial activities of extracts against 13 indicator microorganisms were determined by agar well diffusion method. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH and ABTS analyses and the total phenolic component contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method.
Results: The maximum extract yield was obtained in the ethanol extracts of the plants (AeE;10.4011% CmE;2.4898%), the minimum extract yield was obtained in the acetone extracts (AeA;0.8422% CmA;0.3510%). The hexane extract of A. elongatum has no inhibition activity against E. faecalis and L. monocytogenes, but it has inhibition activity against other indicator microorganisms. The other extracts of A. elongatum and all extracts of C. macrospermum were found to have inhibitory activity against all indicator microorganisms. Furthermore, the highest phenolic content was calculated as 54.60±0.486 µg mL-1 (AeE) and the lowest content as 3.47±0.001 µg mL-1 (CmA). As a result of the DPPH method the highest IC50 was calculated as 32.4140 µg mL-1 (CmH) and the lowest IC50 as 12.7876 µg mL-1 (AeA) and ABTS method the highest IC50 was calculated as 10.3203 µg mL-1 (CmE), and the lowest IC50 as 0.2744 µg mL-1 (CmA).
Conclusion: These results show that the plant extracts have strong antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity.

References

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  • 2. Chrysargyris A, Mikallou M, Petropoulos S, Tzortzakis N. Profiling of essential oils components and polyphenols for their antioxidant activity of medicinal and aromatic plants grown in different environmental conditions. Agron. 2020; 10(5):727.
  • 3. Veeresham C. Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs. J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res. 2012; 3: 200-201.
  • 4. Nisar B, Sultan A, Rbab SL. Comparison of medicinally important natural products versus synthetic drugs. Nat. Prod. Chem. Res. 2017;6(2):308.
  • 5. Subba B, Basnet P. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of some indigenous plants of Nepal. J Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 2014;3(1):62-67.
  • 6. Anand U, Jacobo-Herrera N, Altemimi A, Lakhssassi N. A comprehensive review on medicinal plants as antimicrobial therapeutics: potential avenues of biocompatible drug discovery. Metabolites. 2019;9(11):258.
  • 7. Belhaj S, Dahmani J, Belahbib N, Zidane L. Ethnopharmacological and ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the High Atlas Central, Morocco. Ethnobot. Res. Appl. 2020;20:18.
  • 8. Sarwar R, Farooq U, Khan A, Naz S, Khan S, Khan A, Rauf A, Bahadar H, Uddin R. Evaluation of antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activity of Quercus incana Roxb. Front. Pharmacol. 2015; 6: 277.
  • 9. Azab A. Arum: A plant genus with great medicinal potential. Eur. Chem. Bull. 2017;6(2):59-68.
  • 10. Ağalar HG. Arum italicum Miller üzerinde farmakognozik araştırmalar. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı. Eskişehir, 2016.
  • 11. Alan Y. Arum elongatum Steven ekstraktlarının fenolik madde miktarı ve biyolojik aktivitelerinin incelenmesi. Bitlis Eren Univ. J. Sci. and Technol. 2018;7(2):370-379.
  • 12. Kardaş C. Muş'ta yabani bitkilerin halk hekimliğinde kullanılması. Lokman Hekim Derg. 2019; 9(1):85-96.
  • 13. Uce İ, Tunçtürk M. Hakkâri’ de doğal olarak yetişen ve yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı yabani bitkiler. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Derg. 2014;7(2):21-25.
  • 14. Ağalar HG, Altıntaş A, Demirci B. The essential oil profiles of Chaerophyllum crinitum and C. macrospermum growing wild in Turkey. Nat. Volatiles and Essent Oils. 2021;8(1):39-48.
  • 15. Baravalia Y, Kaneria M, Vaghasiya Y, Parekh J, Chanda S. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Diospyrosebenum roxb. leaf extracts. Turk. J. Biol. 2009;33:159.
  • 16. Anokwuru CP, Anyasor GN, Ajibaye O, Fakoya O, Okebugwu P. Effect of extraction solvents on phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activities of three Nigerian medicinal plants. Nat. Sci. Sleep. 2011;9(9):7.
  • 17. Rimek D, Fehse B, Göpel P. Evaluation of Mueller-Hinton-agar as a simple medium for the germ tube production of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Mycoses. 2008;51(3):205-208.
  • 18. Sen A, Batra A. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts of medicinal plant: Melia azedarach L. Int. J. Curr. Pharm. Res. 2012;2:4.
  • 19. Chung KT, Thomasson WR, Wu-Yuan CD. Growth inhibition of selected food-borne bacteria, particularly Listeria monocytogenes, by plant extracts. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 1990;69(4):498-503.
  • 20. Bahar Bilgin S, Ugras S, Sarı HY, Ugras HI, Yanardag R. Antibacterial, antiurease and antioxidant activities of some arylidene barbiturates. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2013;171(8):2030-2039.
  • 21. Arullappan S, Zakaria Z, Basri D F. Preliminary screening of antibacterial activity using crude extracts of Hibiscus Rosa sinensis. Trop. Life Sci. Res. 2009;20(2):109-118.
  • 22. Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier M E, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol. 1995;28(1):25-30.
  • 23. Ertürk O, Şahin H, Kolaylı S, Çol Ayvaz M. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of East Black Sea Region honeys. Turk. J. Biochem. 2014;39:99-106.
  • 24. Ugras S, Ülger S, Göç Rasgele P. Evaluation of biological activity of Diplotaenia cachrydifolia Boiss. that medicinal plant.Istanbul J. Pharm. 2019;49 (2):45-52.
  • 25. Miller NJ, Rice-Evans C, Davies MJ, Gopinathan V, Milner A. A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clin. Sci. 1993;84(4):407-412.
  • 26. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999;26(9-10):1231-1237.
  • 27. Kahraman S. Labada (Rumexcristatus DC)'nın antioksidan aktivitesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. İstanbul, 2009.
  • 28. Döğer MM. Ispit'in (Trachystem onorientalis (L.) G. Don) antioksidan aktivitesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. İstanbul, 2010.
  • 29. Walia Z, Sachchida N R, Hareram B, Saumitra S S. Economic importance of medicinal plants in Asian countries. Energy Sustain Dev. 2020;359-377.
  • 30. Zengin Kurt B, Gazioğlu I, Sevgi E, Sönmez F. Anticholinesterase, antioxidant, antiaflatoxigenic activities of ten edible wild plants from Ordu Area, Turkey. IJPR. 2018;17(3):1047-1056.
  • 31. Alaca K, Okumuş E, Bakkalbaşı E, Javıdıpour I. Phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of twelve edible wild plants from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Food Sci. Technol. 2022;42:e18021.
  • 32. Kürkçüoğlu M, Ağalar HG, Temiz B, Duran A, Başer KHC. Chaerophyllum libanoticum Boiss. Et Kotschy: The fruit essential oil, composition, skin-whitening and antioxidant activities. Eur. J. Biol. 2022;1:28-34.
  • 33. Akar Z, Demir Ç, Alkan O, Can Z, Akar B. LC–MS/MS and RP–HPLC–UV Analysis and Antioxidant Activities of Arum italicum miller edible and nonedible tuber parts. J. Anatolian Env. and Anim. Sci. 2021;6(3):294-301.
  • 34. Çolak F, Savaroğlu F, İlhan S. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Arum maculatum L. leaves extracts. J. Appl. Biol. Sci. 2009;3(3):13-16.
  • 35. Al-Daghistani HI, Abu-Niaaj LF, Bustanji Y, Al-Hamaideh KD, Al-Salamat H, Nassar MN, Jaber HM, Amer NH, Abu-Irmaıleh B, Al-Nuaimi AHD. Antibacterial and cytotoxicity evaluation of Arum hygrophilum Bioss. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 2021;25:7306-7316.
  • 36. Köse Ş, Ocak E. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Sirmo (Allium vineale L.), Mendi (Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss.) and Siyabo (Ferula rigidula DC.). Gıda. 2018;43(2):294-302.
  • 37. Tunçtürk M, Tunçtürk R. Van otlu peyniri ve yapımında kullanılan bitkiler ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirme. Ziraat Fakültesi Derg. 2020;238-244.
  • 38. Hayta Ş, Çelikezen FÇ. Evaluation of essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Chaerophyllum crinitum Boiss (Apiaceae) from Turkey: A Traditional Medicinal Herb. J. Biol. Sci. 2016;1-5.
  • 39. Stamenković JG, Petrović G, Stojanović G, Đorđević AS., Zlatković. B. Chaerophyllum aureum L. volatiles: composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Rec. Nat. Prod. 2016;10(2):245-250.
Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 17 - 25, 21.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1233624

Abstract

References

  • 1. Mahmood MH, Osama AK, Makky EA, Rahim MH, Ali NHM, Hazrudin ND. Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy of some plant extracts and their mixtures. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 2019;346:012003.
  • 2. Chrysargyris A, Mikallou M, Petropoulos S, Tzortzakis N. Profiling of essential oils components and polyphenols for their antioxidant activity of medicinal and aromatic plants grown in different environmental conditions. Agron. 2020; 10(5):727.
  • 3. Veeresham C. Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs. J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res. 2012; 3: 200-201.
  • 4. Nisar B, Sultan A, Rbab SL. Comparison of medicinally important natural products versus synthetic drugs. Nat. Prod. Chem. Res. 2017;6(2):308.
  • 5. Subba B, Basnet P. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of some indigenous plants of Nepal. J Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 2014;3(1):62-67.
  • 6. Anand U, Jacobo-Herrera N, Altemimi A, Lakhssassi N. A comprehensive review on medicinal plants as antimicrobial therapeutics: potential avenues of biocompatible drug discovery. Metabolites. 2019;9(11):258.
  • 7. Belhaj S, Dahmani J, Belahbib N, Zidane L. Ethnopharmacological and ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the High Atlas Central, Morocco. Ethnobot. Res. Appl. 2020;20:18.
  • 8. Sarwar R, Farooq U, Khan A, Naz S, Khan S, Khan A, Rauf A, Bahadar H, Uddin R. Evaluation of antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activity of Quercus incana Roxb. Front. Pharmacol. 2015; 6: 277.
  • 9. Azab A. Arum: A plant genus with great medicinal potential. Eur. Chem. Bull. 2017;6(2):59-68.
  • 10. Ağalar HG. Arum italicum Miller üzerinde farmakognozik araştırmalar. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı. Eskişehir, 2016.
  • 11. Alan Y. Arum elongatum Steven ekstraktlarının fenolik madde miktarı ve biyolojik aktivitelerinin incelenmesi. Bitlis Eren Univ. J. Sci. and Technol. 2018;7(2):370-379.
  • 12. Kardaş C. Muş'ta yabani bitkilerin halk hekimliğinde kullanılması. Lokman Hekim Derg. 2019; 9(1):85-96.
  • 13. Uce İ, Tunçtürk M. Hakkâri’ de doğal olarak yetişen ve yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı yabani bitkiler. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Derg. 2014;7(2):21-25.
  • 14. Ağalar HG, Altıntaş A, Demirci B. The essential oil profiles of Chaerophyllum crinitum and C. macrospermum growing wild in Turkey. Nat. Volatiles and Essent Oils. 2021;8(1):39-48.
  • 15. Baravalia Y, Kaneria M, Vaghasiya Y, Parekh J, Chanda S. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Diospyrosebenum roxb. leaf extracts. Turk. J. Biol. 2009;33:159.
  • 16. Anokwuru CP, Anyasor GN, Ajibaye O, Fakoya O, Okebugwu P. Effect of extraction solvents on phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activities of three Nigerian medicinal plants. Nat. Sci. Sleep. 2011;9(9):7.
  • 17. Rimek D, Fehse B, Göpel P. Evaluation of Mueller-Hinton-agar as a simple medium for the germ tube production of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Mycoses. 2008;51(3):205-208.
  • 18. Sen A, Batra A. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts of medicinal plant: Melia azedarach L. Int. J. Curr. Pharm. Res. 2012;2:4.
  • 19. Chung KT, Thomasson WR, Wu-Yuan CD. Growth inhibition of selected food-borne bacteria, particularly Listeria monocytogenes, by plant extracts. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 1990;69(4):498-503.
  • 20. Bahar Bilgin S, Ugras S, Sarı HY, Ugras HI, Yanardag R. Antibacterial, antiurease and antioxidant activities of some arylidene barbiturates. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2013;171(8):2030-2039.
  • 21. Arullappan S, Zakaria Z, Basri D F. Preliminary screening of antibacterial activity using crude extracts of Hibiscus Rosa sinensis. Trop. Life Sci. Res. 2009;20(2):109-118.
  • 22. Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier M E, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol. 1995;28(1):25-30.
  • 23. Ertürk O, Şahin H, Kolaylı S, Çol Ayvaz M. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of East Black Sea Region honeys. Turk. J. Biochem. 2014;39:99-106.
  • 24. Ugras S, Ülger S, Göç Rasgele P. Evaluation of biological activity of Diplotaenia cachrydifolia Boiss. that medicinal plant.Istanbul J. Pharm. 2019;49 (2):45-52.
  • 25. Miller NJ, Rice-Evans C, Davies MJ, Gopinathan V, Milner A. A novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clin. Sci. 1993;84(4):407-412.
  • 26. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999;26(9-10):1231-1237.
  • 27. Kahraman S. Labada (Rumexcristatus DC)'nın antioksidan aktivitesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. İstanbul, 2009.
  • 28. Döğer MM. Ispit'in (Trachystem onorientalis (L.) G. Don) antioksidan aktivitesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. İstanbul, 2010.
  • 29. Walia Z, Sachchida N R, Hareram B, Saumitra S S. Economic importance of medicinal plants in Asian countries. Energy Sustain Dev. 2020;359-377.
  • 30. Zengin Kurt B, Gazioğlu I, Sevgi E, Sönmez F. Anticholinesterase, antioxidant, antiaflatoxigenic activities of ten edible wild plants from Ordu Area, Turkey. IJPR. 2018;17(3):1047-1056.
  • 31. Alaca K, Okumuş E, Bakkalbaşı E, Javıdıpour I. Phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of twelve edible wild plants from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Food Sci. Technol. 2022;42:e18021.
  • 32. Kürkçüoğlu M, Ağalar HG, Temiz B, Duran A, Başer KHC. Chaerophyllum libanoticum Boiss. Et Kotschy: The fruit essential oil, composition, skin-whitening and antioxidant activities. Eur. J. Biol. 2022;1:28-34.
  • 33. Akar Z, Demir Ç, Alkan O, Can Z, Akar B. LC–MS/MS and RP–HPLC–UV Analysis and Antioxidant Activities of Arum italicum miller edible and nonedible tuber parts. J. Anatolian Env. and Anim. Sci. 2021;6(3):294-301.
  • 34. Çolak F, Savaroğlu F, İlhan S. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Arum maculatum L. leaves extracts. J. Appl. Biol. Sci. 2009;3(3):13-16.
  • 35. Al-Daghistani HI, Abu-Niaaj LF, Bustanji Y, Al-Hamaideh KD, Al-Salamat H, Nassar MN, Jaber HM, Amer NH, Abu-Irmaıleh B, Al-Nuaimi AHD. Antibacterial and cytotoxicity evaluation of Arum hygrophilum Bioss. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 2021;25:7306-7316.
  • 36. Köse Ş, Ocak E. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Sirmo (Allium vineale L.), Mendi (Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss.) and Siyabo (Ferula rigidula DC.). Gıda. 2018;43(2):294-302.
  • 37. Tunçtürk M, Tunçtürk R. Van otlu peyniri ve yapımında kullanılan bitkiler ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirme. Ziraat Fakültesi Derg. 2020;238-244.
  • 38. Hayta Ş, Çelikezen FÇ. Evaluation of essential oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Chaerophyllum crinitum Boiss (Apiaceae) from Turkey: A Traditional Medicinal Herb. J. Biol. Sci. 2016;1-5.
  • 39. Stamenković JG, Petrović G, Stojanović G, Đorđević AS., Zlatković. B. Chaerophyllum aureum L. volatiles: composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Rec. Nat. Prod. 2016;10(2):245-250.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sultan Ülger 0000-0002-6241-8408

Serpil Uğraş 0000-0002-1867-5781

Publication Date April 21, 2023
Submission Date January 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ülger, S., & Uğraş, S. (2023). Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phenolic Component Analysis of Some Edge Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research, 4(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.53811/ijtcmr.1233624

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