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Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 72 - 85, 31.10.2018

Abstract



Bu çalışma, ulusal
çıkarları ön plana alarak güce ve tehdide dayalı bir dış politika imajı çizen
Çin’in, bunun tersine, uluslararası çevre rejimine saygılı bir yaklaşım ile
çevre diplomasisini benimsemesinin nedenlerini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu
bağlamda, çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Realist ve Liberal kuramların temel dış
politika argümanları (Raison d’etat
ve Raison de Systeme)
karşılaştırılacaktır. İkinci bölümde, Çevre diplomasisinin ana esasları ele
alınacak ve üçüncü bölümde, Çin’in genel dış politika yaklaşımı temelinde Çevre
diplomasisindeki gelişmeler incelenecektir. Sonuç bölümünde ise, Çin’in Çevre
diplomasisinin Raison d’etat ve Raison de Systeme tartışmalarındaki
konumu daha net ortaya konulacak ve “Çin’in dış politikası Liberalleşiyor mu?”
sorusuna yanıt aranacaktır.




 




References

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  • Barboza, Julio (2011) “An Episode of Environmental Diplomacy”, Environmental Policy and Law, 41:4-5, 208-221.
  • Berridge, Geoffrey, R. (2001) “Machiavelli”, Geoffrey R. Berridge, Maurice Keens-Soper ve T.G. Otte (der.) Diplomatic Theory from Machiavelli to Kissinger, Londra: Palgrave Macmilan.
  • Brown, Kerry (2018) “Xi Jinping, Trade War and the Curse of the Strong Leader”, Chatham House: The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 24 Temmuz, https://www.chathamhouse.org/expert/comment/xi-jinping-trade-war-and-curse-strong-leader (erişim tarihi: 2 Eylül 2018).
  • Butler, Rhett A. (2013) “Powered by Google, high resolution forest map reveals massive deforestation worldwide”, Mongabay, 14 Kasım, https://news.mongabay.com/2013/11/powered-by-google-high-resolution-forest-map-reveals-massive-deforestation-worldwide/ (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Doyle, Michael, W. (2016) “Liberalism and Foreign Policy”, Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield ve Tim Dunne (Der.) Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases, 2. Baskı, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 54-77.
  • Economist (2018) “China has put missiles on islands in the South China Sea”, 10 Mayıs, https://www.economist.com/china/2018/05/10/china-has-put-missiles-on-islands-in-the-south-china-sea (erişim tarihi: 2 Eylül 2018).
  • Eliküçük Yıldırım, Nilgün (2017) “Çin Dış Politikasında İttifak Yapmama Prensibi: Akademik Tartışmalar”, Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16:2, 15-35.
  • Ge, Mengpin, Johannes Friedrich ve Thomas Damassa (2014) “6 Graphs Explain the World’s Top 10 Emitters”, World Resources Institute, 25 Kasım, https://www.wri.org/blog/2014/11/6-graphs-explain-world%E2%80%99s-top-10-emitters (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Güneş, Ergin (2015) “Çin-Rusya ilişkilerindeki asimetrik denge ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri”, Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 70:4, 839-867.
  • Hao, Yufan (1992) “Environmental Protection in Chinese Foreign Policy”, Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 11:3, 25-46.
  • Harris, Paul (2011) “Peace, security and global climate change: the vital role of China”, Global Change, Peace & Security, 23:2, 141-145.
  • Hassan, Mabroor, Manzoor Khan Afridi ve Muhammad Irfan Khan (2017) “Environmental diplomacy in South Asia: Considering the environmental security, conflict and development nexus”, Geoforum, 82, 127-130.
  • Hays, Jeffery (2012) “Deforestation and Desertification in China”, factsanddetails.com, http://factsanddetails.com/china/cat10/sub66/item389.html (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Heggelund, Gorild ve Ellen Bruzelius Backer (2007) “China and UN Environmental Policy: Institutional Growth, Learning, Implementation”, International Environmental Aggreements, 7:4, 415–438.
  • Henderson, Geoffrey, Ranping Song ve Paul Joffe (2016) “5 Questions: What Does China’s New Five-Year Plan Mean for Climate Action?”, World Resources Institute, 18 Mart, https://www.wri.org/blog/2016/03/5-questions-what-does-chinas-new-five-year-plan-mean-climate-action (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Hill, Joshua (2017) “China Remains Global Wind Energy Leader, Expands Lead Over US”, Clean Technica, 13 Şubat, https://cleantechnica.com/2017/02/13/china-remains-global-wind-energy-leader-expands-lead-us/ (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Kissinger, Henry (1994) Diplomacy, New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Lewis, Joanna I. (2013) “China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, Foot, Rosemary (Der.), China: Across The Divide, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • MacCarthy, Niall (2013) “China Leads the Way in Renewable Energy Investment”, Statista, 7 Ağustos, https://www.statista.com/chart/1340/china-leads-the-way-in-renewable-energy-investment/ (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • McBeath, Jerry ve Bo Wang (2008) “China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, American Journal of Chinese Studies, 15:1, 1-16.
  • Morgenthau, Hans (1948) Politics among Nations: Struggle for Peace and Power, McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Nye, Joseph S. Jr. (2004) Soft Power: The Means To Success In World Politics, New York: Public Affairs.
  • OECD Observer (2014) “Air pollution kills”, http://oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/4411/Air_pollution_kills.html# (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Pettinger, Tejvan (2012) “List of CO2 Emissions per Capita”, economicshelp.org, 3 Kasım, https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/6131/economics/list-of-co2-emissions-per-capita/ (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Russett, Bruce (2013) “Liberalism”, Tim Dunne , Milja Kurki ve Steve Smith (Der.) International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 94-113.
  • Scutt, David (2017) “2 charts that show China's importance to the global coal industry”, Business Insider Australia, 14 Temmuz, https://www.businessinsider.com.au/2-charts-that-show-chinas-importance-to-the-global-coal-industry-2017-7 (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Sezer, Özcan (2007) “Küresel Konferanslar ve Çevre Sorunları: Çevre Kalkınma ve Etik Açısından Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme”, Uluslararası Asya ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi, Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, 761-780.
  • Shouqiu, Cai ve Mark Voigts (1993) “The Development of China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, 3, 18-42.
  • Sterling-Folker, Jennifer (2013) “Neo-Liberalism”, Tim Dunne , Milja Kurki ve Steve Smith (Der.) International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 114-131.
  • Sun, Yixian (2016) “The Changing Role of China in Global Environmental Governance”, Rising Powers Quarterly, 1:1, 43-53.
  • Tayebi, Sobhan, Sayed Fazlollah Moosavi ve Seyed Abbas Poorshemi, “International interaction and global peace in light of international convergence: a strategy to achieve environmental diplomacy”, International journal of environment science and technology, 14:7, 1573-1582.
  • Turan, İshak ve Keskin, Bahadır Yusuf (2017) “Çevreleme Politikasının Çin’e Uygulanabilirliği”, Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, ICMEB17 Özel Sayısı, 707-717, http://dx.doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.2017ICMEB1735616.
  • United States Environmental Protection Agency (2014) “Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data”, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data# (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Walker, Christopher ve Ludwig, Jessica (2017) “The Meaning of Sharp Power: How Authoritarian States Project Influence”, Foreign Affairs, 16 Kasım, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2017-11-16/meaning-sharp-power (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Walt, Stephen M. (1985) “Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power”, International Security, 9:4, 3-43.
  • Waltz, Kenneth (1979) Theory of International Politics, Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley.
  • Watson, Adam (1982) Diplomacy: The Dialogue between States, London: Taylor and Francis.
Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 72 - 85, 31.10.2018

Abstract

References

  • Aslan, Halil Kürşad (2014) “Yükselen Güç Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Ortadoğu Politikası”, Akademik Orta Doğu, 9:1, 29-55.
  • Barboza, Julio (2011) “An Episode of Environmental Diplomacy”, Environmental Policy and Law, 41:4-5, 208-221.
  • Berridge, Geoffrey, R. (2001) “Machiavelli”, Geoffrey R. Berridge, Maurice Keens-Soper ve T.G. Otte (der.) Diplomatic Theory from Machiavelli to Kissinger, Londra: Palgrave Macmilan.
  • Brown, Kerry (2018) “Xi Jinping, Trade War and the Curse of the Strong Leader”, Chatham House: The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 24 Temmuz, https://www.chathamhouse.org/expert/comment/xi-jinping-trade-war-and-curse-strong-leader (erişim tarihi: 2 Eylül 2018).
  • Butler, Rhett A. (2013) “Powered by Google, high resolution forest map reveals massive deforestation worldwide”, Mongabay, 14 Kasım, https://news.mongabay.com/2013/11/powered-by-google-high-resolution-forest-map-reveals-massive-deforestation-worldwide/ (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Doyle, Michael, W. (2016) “Liberalism and Foreign Policy”, Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield ve Tim Dunne (Der.) Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases, 2. Baskı, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 54-77.
  • Economist (2018) “China has put missiles on islands in the South China Sea”, 10 Mayıs, https://www.economist.com/china/2018/05/10/china-has-put-missiles-on-islands-in-the-south-china-sea (erişim tarihi: 2 Eylül 2018).
  • Eliküçük Yıldırım, Nilgün (2017) “Çin Dış Politikasında İttifak Yapmama Prensibi: Akademik Tartışmalar”, Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 16:2, 15-35.
  • Ge, Mengpin, Johannes Friedrich ve Thomas Damassa (2014) “6 Graphs Explain the World’s Top 10 Emitters”, World Resources Institute, 25 Kasım, https://www.wri.org/blog/2014/11/6-graphs-explain-world%E2%80%99s-top-10-emitters (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Güneş, Ergin (2015) “Çin-Rusya ilişkilerindeki asimetrik denge ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri”, Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 70:4, 839-867.
  • Hao, Yufan (1992) “Environmental Protection in Chinese Foreign Policy”, Journal of Northeast Asian Studies, 11:3, 25-46.
  • Harris, Paul (2011) “Peace, security and global climate change: the vital role of China”, Global Change, Peace & Security, 23:2, 141-145.
  • Hassan, Mabroor, Manzoor Khan Afridi ve Muhammad Irfan Khan (2017) “Environmental diplomacy in South Asia: Considering the environmental security, conflict and development nexus”, Geoforum, 82, 127-130.
  • Hays, Jeffery (2012) “Deforestation and Desertification in China”, factsanddetails.com, http://factsanddetails.com/china/cat10/sub66/item389.html (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Heggelund, Gorild ve Ellen Bruzelius Backer (2007) “China and UN Environmental Policy: Institutional Growth, Learning, Implementation”, International Environmental Aggreements, 7:4, 415–438.
  • Henderson, Geoffrey, Ranping Song ve Paul Joffe (2016) “5 Questions: What Does China’s New Five-Year Plan Mean for Climate Action?”, World Resources Institute, 18 Mart, https://www.wri.org/blog/2016/03/5-questions-what-does-chinas-new-five-year-plan-mean-climate-action (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Hill, Joshua (2017) “China Remains Global Wind Energy Leader, Expands Lead Over US”, Clean Technica, 13 Şubat, https://cleantechnica.com/2017/02/13/china-remains-global-wind-energy-leader-expands-lead-us/ (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Kissinger, Henry (1994) Diplomacy, New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Lewis, Joanna I. (2013) “China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, Foot, Rosemary (Der.), China: Across The Divide, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • MacCarthy, Niall (2013) “China Leads the Way in Renewable Energy Investment”, Statista, 7 Ağustos, https://www.statista.com/chart/1340/china-leads-the-way-in-renewable-energy-investment/ (erişim tarihi 3 Eylül 2018).
  • McBeath, Jerry ve Bo Wang (2008) “China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, American Journal of Chinese Studies, 15:1, 1-16.
  • Morgenthau, Hans (1948) Politics among Nations: Struggle for Peace and Power, McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Nye, Joseph S. Jr. (2004) Soft Power: The Means To Success In World Politics, New York: Public Affairs.
  • OECD Observer (2014) “Air pollution kills”, http://oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/4411/Air_pollution_kills.html# (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Pettinger, Tejvan (2012) “List of CO2 Emissions per Capita”, economicshelp.org, 3 Kasım, https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/6131/economics/list-of-co2-emissions-per-capita/ (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Russett, Bruce (2013) “Liberalism”, Tim Dunne , Milja Kurki ve Steve Smith (Der.) International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 94-113.
  • Scutt, David (2017) “2 charts that show China's importance to the global coal industry”, Business Insider Australia, 14 Temmuz, https://www.businessinsider.com.au/2-charts-that-show-chinas-importance-to-the-global-coal-industry-2017-7 (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Sezer, Özcan (2007) “Küresel Konferanslar ve Çevre Sorunları: Çevre Kalkınma ve Etik Açısından Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme”, Uluslararası Asya ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi, Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, 761-780.
  • Shouqiu, Cai ve Mark Voigts (1993) “The Development of China’s Environmental Diplomacy”, Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, 3, 18-42.
  • Sterling-Folker, Jennifer (2013) “Neo-Liberalism”, Tim Dunne , Milja Kurki ve Steve Smith (Der.) International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 114-131.
  • Sun, Yixian (2016) “The Changing Role of China in Global Environmental Governance”, Rising Powers Quarterly, 1:1, 43-53.
  • Tayebi, Sobhan, Sayed Fazlollah Moosavi ve Seyed Abbas Poorshemi, “International interaction and global peace in light of international convergence: a strategy to achieve environmental diplomacy”, International journal of environment science and technology, 14:7, 1573-1582.
  • Turan, İshak ve Keskin, Bahadır Yusuf (2017) “Çevreleme Politikasının Çin’e Uygulanabilirliği”, Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, ICMEB17 Özel Sayısı, 707-717, http://dx.doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.2017ICMEB1735616.
  • United States Environmental Protection Agency (2014) “Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data”, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data# (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Walker, Christopher ve Ludwig, Jessica (2017) “The Meaning of Sharp Power: How Authoritarian States Project Influence”, Foreign Affairs, 16 Kasım, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2017-11-16/meaning-sharp-power (erişim tarihi: 3 Eylül 2018).
  • Walt, Stephen M. (1985) “Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power”, International Security, 9:4, 3-43.
  • Waltz, Kenneth (1979) Theory of International Politics, Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley.
  • Watson, Adam (1982) Diplomacy: The Dialogue between States, London: Taylor and Francis.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Seçkin Barış Gülmez 0000-0003-1690-1041

Bertuğ Top This is me 0000-0002-9140-622X

Publication Date October 31, 2018
Submission Date September 3, 2018
Acceptance Date October 26, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gülmez, S. B., & Top, B. (2018). Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 72-85.
AMA Gülmez SB, Top B. Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı. IKCIIBFD. October 2018;1(1):72-85.
Chicago Gülmez, Seçkin Barış, and Bertuğ Top. “Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism Ile İmtihanı”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 1, no. 1 (October 2018): 72-85.
EndNote Gülmez SB, Top B (October 1, 2018) Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 1 1 72–85.
IEEE S. B. Gülmez and B. Top, “Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı”, IKCIIBFD, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 72–85, 2018.
ISNAD Gülmez, Seçkin Barış - Top, Bertuğ. “Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism Ile İmtihanı”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 1/1 (October 2018), 72-85.
JAMA Gülmez SB, Top B. Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı. IKCIIBFD. 2018;1:72–85.
MLA Gülmez, Seçkin Barış and Bertuğ Top. “Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism Ile İmtihanı”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 1, 2018, pp. 72-85.
Vancouver Gülmez SB, Top B. Çin’in Çevre Diplomasisi: Realist Dış Politikanın Liberalism ile İmtihanı. IKCIIBFD. 2018;1(1):72-85.
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