Kara Limanı Lokasyonlarının PROMETHEE Yöntemi ile Seçimi: Türkiye Örneği

Year 2023, , 21 - 38, 29.10.2023

Yunus Kaymaz , Ural Gökay Çiçekli

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1192459

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye, Ege Bölgesi kapsamında kurulması olası bir kara limanı için çeşitli kriterler dahilinde en uygun konumun belirlenmesidir. Özellikle yabancı literatürde oldukça tartışılan kara limanı kavramı ve buna bağlı olarak kara limanı lokasyon seçimi, çeşitli değerlendirme kriterleri gerektiren ÇKKV (çok kriterli karar verme) problemi olarak incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, kara limanı seçimi için ÇKKV yöntemlerinden biri olan PROMETHEE yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, liman sıkışıklıklarının arttığı bir ortamda kara limanlarının bu sıkışıklığı hafifletebileceği, bu bağlamda, Türkiye'nin avantajlı bir konumda olduğu ve Covid-19 olarak adlandırılan pandemi gibi küresel kriz olayları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu tür uygulamaların Türkiye'nin lojistik altyapısının güçlendirilmesine yönelik toplam çabalara katkıda bulunacağı söylenebilmektedir. Çalışmada 10 lokasyon, toplam 13 kriter baz alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu lokasyonlar arasında en yüksek puanı alan lokasyon en uygun kara limanı alanı olarak değerlendirilebilecektir.

Keywords

Kara Limanı, Lokasyon Seçimi, PROMETHEE, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme, Tedarik Zinciri

Selection of Dry Port Locations Using PROMETHEE Approach: Case for Türkiye

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the most suitable location for a possible dry port in the Aegean Region of Türkiye based on various criteria. The concept of dry port, which is highly discussed especially in foreign literature, and accordingly, dry port location selection is examined as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem that requires various evaluation criteria. In this context, the PROMETHEE method, which is one of the MCDM methods, is used for dry port selection. As a result of the analyses, it can be said that in an environment where port congestion is increasing, dry ports can decrease this congestion, in this context, Türkiye is in an advantageous position and considering the global crisis events such as the pandemic called Covid-19, such applications will contribute to the overall efforts to strengthen Türkiye's logistics infrastructure. In the study, 10 locations were evaluated based on a total of 13 criteria. Among these locations, the location with the highest score can be considered as the most suitable dry port area.

Keywords

Dry Port, Location Selection, PROMETHEE, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making, Supply Chain

References

• Ambrosino, D., and Sciomachen, A. (2014). Location of mid-range dry ports in multimodal logistic networks. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 108, 118-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.825
• Asoğlu, İ., and Eren, T. (2018). AHP, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE yöntemleri ile bir işletme için kargo şirketi seçimi. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8 (16), 102-122. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/yalovasosbil/issue/37841/440451
• Awad-Núñez, S., González-Cancelas, N., and Camarero-Orive, A. (2014). Application of a model based on the use of DELPHI methodology and Multicriteria Analysis for the assessment of the quality of the Spanish Dry Ports location. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 162, 42-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.184
• Behzadian, M., Kazemzadeh, R. B., Albadvi, A., and Aghdasi, M. (2010). PROMETHEE: A comprehensive literature review on methodologies and applications. European Journal of Operational Research, 200(1), 198–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.01.021
• Bentaleb, F., Mabrouki, C. and Semma, A. (2016). Dry port location problem: A hybrid multi-criteria approach. JEMS Maritime Sci. 2016; 4(1): 73-90. https://jemsjournal.org/jvi.aspx/jvi.aspx?pdir=jems&plng=eng&un=JEMS-81300
• Beresford, A. K. C. and Dubey, R. C. (1990). Handbook on the management and operation of dry ports. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Geneva. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/rdpldc7_en.pdf
• Brans, J. P. and Mareschal, B. (2005). PROMETHEE methods. In: Multiple criteria decision analysis: State of the art surveys. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 78. Springer, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23081-5_5
• Brans, J. P., Vincke, P. and Mareschal, B. (1986). How to select and how to rank projects: The PROMETHEE method. European journal of operational research, 24(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(86)90044-5
• Çağlıyan, A., Yıldız, A. and Bozkurt Yıldız, A. (2013). Türkiye’de demiryolu güzergâhlari jeomorfoloji ilişkisi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (28), 466-486. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/marucog/issue/475/3941
• Chang, Z., Notteboom, T. and Lu, J. (2015). A two-phase model for dry port location with an application to the port of Dalian in China. Transportation Planning and Technology, 38(4), 442-464. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2015.1026103
• Chowdhury, M.M.H., and Haque Munim, Z., (2023). Dry port location selection using a fuzzy AHP-BWM-PROMETHEE approach. Marit Econ Logist 25, 301–329 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41278-022-00230-0
• Çiçekli U. G., Kaymaz, Y., and Bozkurt S., (2016). The concept of dry port and the selection of dry port locations: The case of Izmir. XIV. International Logistics and Supply Chain Congress, December 01-02, 2016, Izmir, TURKIYE
• Çiçekli, U. G., Ventura, K. and Bilgehan, H. (2018). Determining multi-criteria decisions for the selection of discounted products in sales promotion activities through promethee method. Ege Academic Review, 18(4), 727-739. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/eab/issue/39917/474077
• Crainic, T. G., Dell’Olmo, P., Ricciardi, N. and Sgalambro, A. (2015). Modeling dry-port-based freight distribution planning. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 55, 518-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2015.03.026
• Do, N. H., Nam, K. C. and Le, Q. L. N. (2011). A consideration for developing a dry port system in Indochina area. Maritime Policy & Management, 38(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2010.533712
• Dooms, M., Haezendonck, E. and Valaert, T. (2013). Dynamic green portfolio analysis for inland ports: An empirical analysis on Western Europe. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 8, 171-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2013.07.006
• ESCAP (2008). Logistics sector developments: Planning models for enterprises and logistics clusters. New York: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Accessed February 25, 2015. https://www.unescap.org/resources/logistics-sector-developments-planning-models-enterprises-and-logistics-clusters
• European Commission (2000). IQ—Intermodal quality final report for publication, Transport RTD Programme of the 4th Framework Programme-Integrated Transport Chain.
• Görçün, Ö. F. and Küçükönder, H. (2021). An integrated MCDM approach for evaluating the Ro-Ro marine port selection process: a case study in black Sea region. Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs, 13(3), 203-223. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2021.1878872
• Hanaoka, S. and Regmi, M. B. (2011). Promoting intermodal freight transport through the development of dry ports in Asia: An environmental perspective. Iatss Research, 35(1), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2011.06.001
• Haralambides, H. and Gujar, G. (2011). The Indian dry ports sector, pricing policies and opportunities for public-private partnerships. Research in Transportation Economics, 33(1), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2011.08.006
• Henttu, V. and Hilmola, O. P. (2011). Financial and environmental impacts of hypothetical Finnish dry port structure. Research in Transportation Economics, 33(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2011.08.004
• Jaržemskis A. and Vasiliauskas A. V. (2007) Research on dry port concept as intermodal node, Transport, 22:3, 207-213. https://doi.org/10.1080/16484142.2007.9638126 Juhel, M.H. (1999). The role of logistics in stimulating economic development. White Paper Presented at China Logistics Seminar, Beijing, 28–29 November.
• Khaslavskaya, A. and Roso, V. (2019). Outcome-Driven supply chain perspectives on dry ports. Sustainability, 11(5), 1492. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051492
• Leitner, S. J. and Harrison, R. (2001). The identification and classification of inland ports (Report No. 0-4083-1). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/14877
• Leveque, P. and Roso, V. (2002). Dry port concept for seaport inland access with intermodal solutions, Master’s Thesis, Department of Logistics and Transportation, Chalmers University of Technology.
• Mohan, V. G. and Naseer, M. A. (2022). Prioritisation of dry port locations using MCDM methods: A case of cochin port. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 103(3), 841-856.
• Ng, A. K. and Cetin, I. B. (2012). Locational characteristics of dry ports in developing economies: some lessons from Northern India. Regional Studies, 46(6), 757-773. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2010.532117
• Ng, A. K. and Tongzon, J. L. (2010). The transportation sector of India's economy: dry ports as catalysts for regional development. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 51(5), 669-682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2009.08.001
• Ng, A. Y. and Gujar, G. C. (2009). Government policies, efficiency and competitiveness: The case of dry ports in India. Transport Policy, 16(5), 232-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2009.08.001
• Pekkaya, M. and Bucak, U. (2018). Çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleriyle bölgesel liman kuruluş yeri seçimi: Batı Karadeniz’de bir uygulama. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (18. EYİ Özel Sayısı), 253-268. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.353653
• Raad, N. G., Rajendran, S. and Salimi, S. (2022). A novel three-stage fuzzy GIS-MCDA approach to the dry port site selection problem: A case study of Shahid Rajaei Port in Iran. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 168, 108112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2022.108112
• Rahimi, M., Asef-Vaziri, A., and Harrison, R. (2008). Integrating inland ports into the intermodal goods movement system for ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach (No. METRANS Project 07-01). METRANS. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/23267
• Rodrigue, J. P., and Notteboom, T. (2012). Dry ports in European and North American intermodal rail systems: Two of a kind?. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 5, 4-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2012.10.003
• Roso, V, (2007). Evaluation of the dry port concept from an environmental perspective: A note. Transportation Research Part D, 12 (2007) 523–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2007.07.001
• Roso, V. (2008). Factors influencing implementation of a dry port. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(10), 782-798. https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030810926493
• Roso, V., Woxenius, J., and Lumsden, K. (2009). The dry port concept: connecting container seaports with the hinterland. Journal of Transport Geography, 17(5), 338-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2008.10.008
• Sağlam, B. B., Esmer, S. and Ateş, A. (2015). The dry ports: a review of the concept and its applications in Turkey. In Proceeding of the European Conference on Shipping, Intermodalism and Ports (Econship) (pp. 24-27).
• Woxenius, J., Roso, V., and Lumsden, K. (2004). The dry port concept - connecting seaports with their hinterland by rail. ICLSP, Dalian, 22-26 September 2004. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=7dbf158b8417e3646dc3cd7f70961e07f52203b1