The Determinants of Relative Income Perceptions among Canadian Households

Year 2024, , 711 - 726, 31.10.2024

Özcan Özkan

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1477554

Abstract

This study investigates the determinants influencing perceived income levels within Canada. Utilizing data from the Canadian cohort of the World Values Survey (WVS-7), spanning from 2017 to 2021, the analysis encompasses responses from 4,018 participants. In the research, an ordinal logistic regression model was utilized to assess the impact of an extensive range of variables on perceived income levels. The results of the study demonstrate that immigration status exerts a deleterious effect on perceived income levels among men, while marital status correlates positively with income, with married individuals reporting higher income levels compared to their single counterparts. Furthermore, possessing high professional skills and advanced educational qualifications significantly bolsters income perceptions among women. The analysis also reveals that reduced participation in the workforce and residence in rural areas are associated with lower income levels across both genders, with environmental factors imposing a disproportionately negative impact on women. Additionally, financial adversities manifest more severe detrimental effects on men's income perceptions. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating these diverse factors into the formulation of comprehensive socioeconomic policies.

Keywords

Relative Income, Migration, Demography, health

Kanada Hane Halklarının Göreceli Gelir Algılarını Şekillendiren Unsurlar

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Kanada'daki algılanan gelir düzeylerini etkileyen belirleyicileri araştırmaktadır. 2017 ile 2021 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen Dünya Değerler Araştırması'nın (WVS-7) Kanada örnekleminden elde edilen veriler kullanılarak, 4,018 katılımcının yanıtları analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada, algılanan gelir düzeyleri üzerinde geniş bir değişken yelpazesinin etkisini değerlendirmek için sıralı lojistik regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları, göçmenlik durumunun erkekler arasında algılanan gelir düzeyleri üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olduğunu, medeni durumun ise gelirle pozitif bir korelasyon gösterdiğini, evli bireylerin bekarlara kıyasla daha yüksek gelir düzeyleri bildirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, yüksek profesyonel becerilere ve ileri düzey eğitim niteliklerine sahip olmanın kadınlar arasında gelir algılarını önemli ölçüde güçlendirdiği görülmüştür. Analiz, iş gücüne katılımın azalması ve kırsal bölgelerde ikametin her iki cinsiyet için de daha düşük gelir düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğunu, çevresel faktörlerin ise kadınlar üzerinde orantısız bir şekilde olumsuz bir etki yarattığını da göstermiştir. Ek olarak, finansal zorluklar, erkeklerin gelir algıları üzerinde daha şiddetli olumsuz etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu bulgular, bu çeşitli faktörlerin kapsamlı sosyoekonomik politikaların oluşturulmasına dâhil edilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Göç, Demografi, Nispi gelir, sağlık

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