Research Article
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The Effect of Smart Tourism Technologies on Memorable Tourism Experiences, Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty: The Case of Smart City Antalya

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 17, 13 - 29, 27.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1023964

Abstract

The change and transformation in information and communication technologies has significantly increased digitalization in the tourism industry. Applications such as mobile phones and applications, Wi-Fi, mobile communication technology used within the scope of smart tourism meet the information needs and searches of tourists during the travel process, thus directly managing the purchasing process. Consumers have some experiences with the completion of the purchasing process. These experiences will affect their future attitudes and behaviors. In this context, the research was carried out to measure the effects between smart tourism technologies, memorable tourism experiences, tourist satisfaction and tourist destination loyalty. The population of the research consists of domestic tourists visiting Antalya, which is included in the scope of smart city in Turkey. Within the scope of the research, “convenience sampling method” was applied. The research used the questionnaire technique to collect data. Data were collected through online and offline media, and 401 data were found suitable for analysis. In the research, Smart PLS 3 (Partial Least Squares) statistical program was used to test the hypotheses. As a result of the tests, it has been determined that the dimensions of information, accessibility, interaction and personalization from smart tourism technologies have a positive effect on memorable tourism experiences. On the other hand, it has been determined that memorable tourism experience has a positive effect on tourist satisfaction and tourist destination loyalty. Finally, it has been determined that tourist satisfaction has a positive effect on tourist destination loyalty. 

References

  • Al-Ababneh, M. M. (2013). Service quality and its impact on tourist satisfaction. Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research, 164.
  • Armario, E. M. (2008). Tourist satisfaction: an analysis of its antecedents. In Universidad, Sociedady Mercados Globales (pp. 367-382). Asociación Española de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa (AEDEM).
  • Azis, N., Amin, M., Chan, S., ve Aprilia, C. (2020). How smart tourism technologies affect tourist destination loyalty. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 11(4), 603-625.
  • Bhat, M. A., ve Qadir, N. (2013). Tourist satisfaction in Kashmir: An empirical assessment. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, Scholink Co., LTD, London, 1(1), 152-166.
  • Brodie, R. J. Whittome, J. R., ve Brush, G. J. (2009). Investigating the service brand: A customer value perspective. Journal of Business Research, 62(3), 345-355.
  • Buhalis, D. (2019). Technology in tourism-from information communication technologies to eTourism and smart tourism towards ambient intelligence tourism: a perspective article. Tourism Review.75(1), 267-272.
  • Buhalis, D., ve Amaranggana, A. (2015). Smart tourism destinations enhancing tourism experience through personalisation of services. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015 (pp. 377-389). Springer, Cham.
  • Chandralal, L., ve Valenzuela, F. R. (2013). Exploring memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and behavioural outcomes. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 1(2), 177-181.
  • Chen, C. F., ve Myagmarsuren, O. (2010). Exploring relationships between Mongolian destination brand equity, satisfaction and destination loyalty. Tourism economics, 16(4), 981-994.
  • Chen, J. S., ve Gursoy, D. (2001). An investigation of tourists’ destination loyalty and preferences. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 13(2), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110110381870
  • Chen, R., Zhou, Z., Zhan, G., ve Zhou, N. (2020). The impact of destination brand authenticity and destination brand self-congruence on tourist loyalty: The mediating role of destination brand engagement. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 15, 100402.
  • Chi, C. G. Q., ve Qu, H. (2008). Examining the structural relationships of destination image, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: An integrated approach. Tourism management, 29(4), 624-636.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Cossío-Silva, F. J., Revilla-Camacho, M. Á., ve Vega-Vázquez, M. (2019). The tourist loyalty index: A new indicator for measuring tourist destination loyalty?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(2), 71-77.
  • da Costa Mendes, J., Oom do Valle, P., Guerreiro, M. M., ve Silva, J. A. (2010). The tourist experience: Exploring the relationship between tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 58(2), 111-126.
  • Day, G. S. (1969). A two-dimensional concept of brand loyalty. Journal of Advertising Research, 9(3), 29-35.
  • Diamantopoulos, A., ve Siguaw, J. A. (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: A comparison and empirical illustration. British journal of management, 17(4), 263-282.
  • Dick, A. S., ve Basu, K. (1994). Customer loyalty: Toward an integrated conceptual framework. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 22(2), 99-113.
  • Eckes, T., ve Six, B. (1994). Fakten und fiktionen in der Einstellumgs-Verhaltens-Forschung. Eine.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Gohary, A., Pourazizi, L., Madani, F., ve Chan, E. Y. (2020). Examining Iranian tourists’ memorable experiences on destination satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 131-136.
  • Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., ve Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European business review, 26(2), 106-121.
  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M. ve Ringle, C. M. (2016). Identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: Part I–method. European Business Review, 28(1), 63-76.
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., ve Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long range planning, 46(1-2), 1-12.
  • Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., ve Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
  • Henseler, J., Hubona, G., ve Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2-20.
  • Hu, L. T., ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Huang, C. D., Goo, J., Nam, K., ve Yoo, C. W. (2017). Smart tourism technologies in travel planning: The role of exploration and exploitation. Information & Management, 54(6), 757-770.
  • Jeong, M., ve Shin, H. H. (2020). Tourists’ experiences with smart tourism technology at smart destinations and their behavior intentions. Journal of Travel Research, 59(8), 1464-1477.
  • Jovicic, D. Z. (2019). From the traditional understanding of tourism destination to the smart tourism destination. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 276-282.
  • Kim, J. H. (2014). The antecedents of memorable tourism experiences: The development of a scale to measure the destination attributes associated with memorable experiences. Tourism management, 44, 34-45.
  • Kim, J. H. (2018). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on loyalty behaviors: The mediating effects of destination image and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 856-870.
  • Lee, J., Graefe, A. R., ve Burns, R. C. (2007). Examining the antecedents of destination loyalty in a forest setting. Leisure Sciences, 29(5), 463-481.
  • Lee, S., Jeon, S., ve Kim, D. (2011). The impact of tour quality and tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty: The case of Chinese tourists in Korea. Tourism Management, 32(5), 1115-1124.
  • Li, Y. (2017). Individuals’ motivations to adopt smart technologies for tourism-discrepancy between initial and post adoption. In International Conference on Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions (pp. 77-92). Springer, Cham.
  • Malhotra, N. K. (2004). Marketing Research an Applied Orientation (4. Edition). Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • McDowall, S. (2010). International tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: Bangkok, Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 15(1), 21-42.
  • Mohamad, M. (2013). Positioning Malaysia as a tourist destination based on destination loyalty. Asian Social Science, 9(1), 286-292.
  • No, E., ve Kim, J. K. (2015). Comparing the attributes of online tourism information sources. Computers in human behavior, 50, 564-575.
  • O’brien, R. M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality & quantity, 41(5), 673-690.
  • Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty?. Journal of marketing, 63(4_suppl1), 33-44.
  • Oliver, R. L. (1997). Loyalty and profit: long-term effects of satisfaction. Satisfaction: A behavioural perspective on the consumer, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, NY
  • Pai, C. K., Liu, Y., Kang, S., ve Dai, A. (2020). The role of perceived smart tourism technology experience for tourist satisfaction, happiness and revisit intention. Sustainability, 12(16), 6592.
  • Ramos, C. M., Henriques, C., ve Lanquar, R. (2016). Augmented reality for smart tourism in religious heritage itineraries: Tourism experiences in the technological age. In Handbook of Research on Human-Computer Interfaces, Developments, and Applications (pp. 245-272). IGI Global.
  • Sadeh, E., Asgari, F., Mousavi, L., ve Sadeh, S. (2012). Factors affecting tourist satisfaction and its consequences. Journal of basic and applied scientific research, 2(2), 1557-1560.
  • Sangpikul, A. (2018). The effects of travel experience dimensions on tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The case of an island destination. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research. 12(1), 106-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR- 06-2017-0067
  • Servidio, R., ve Ruffolo, I. (2016). Exploring the relationship between emotions and memorable tourism experiences through narratives. Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 151-160.
  • Sharma, P., ve Nayak, J. K. (2019). Understanding memorable tourism experiences as the determinants of tourists' behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(4), 504-518.
  • Sharma, S. (2016). A study on measurement of customer satisfaction in hotel industry. International Journal of Applied Research, 2(2), 806-809.
  • Shen, S., Sotiriadis, M., ve Zhang, Y. (2020). The influence of smart technologies on customer journey in tourist attractions within the smart tourism management framework. Sustainability, 12(10), 4157.
  • Som, A. P. M., Shirazi, S. F. M., Marzuki, A., ve Jusoh, J. (2011). A critical analysis of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. Journal of Global Management, 2(1), 178-183.
  • Sönmez Çakır, F. (2020). Kısmi en küçük kareler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (PLS-SEM) SmartPLS 3.2. Uygulamaları. Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Stavrianea, A., ve Kamenidou, I.(E). (2021). Memorable tourism experiences, destination image, satisfaction, and loyalty: an empirical study of Santorini Island, EuroMed Journal of Business, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-10- 2020-0106
  • Sthapit, E., ve Coudounaris, D. N. (2018). Memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(1), 72-94.
  • Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., ve Wolf, E. (2018). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121-1132.
  • Sukiman, M. F., Omar, S. I., Muhibudin, M., Yussof, I., ve Mohamed, B. (2013). Tourist satisfaction as the key to destination survival in Pahang. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 78-87.
  • Tung, V. W. S., ve Ritchie, J. B. (2011). Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. Annals of tourism research, 38(4), 1367-1386.
  • Um, T., ve Chung, N. (2021). Does smart tourism technology matter? Lessons from three smart tourism cities in South Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(4), 396-414.
  • Wang, X., Zhang, J., Gu, C., ve Zhen, F. (2009). Examining antecedents and consequences of tourist satisfaction: A structural modeling approach. Tsinghua Science and technology, 14(3), 397-406.
  • Wei, C., Zhao, W., Zhang, C., ve Huang, K. (2019). Psychological factors affecting memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 619-632.
  • Westbrook, Robert A. (1980). A Rating Scale for Measuring Product/Service Satisfaction. Journal of Marketing, 44(Fall), 68-72
  • Wicker, A. (1969). Attitude versus actions: The relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects. Journal of Social Issues, 25(4), 41-78.
  • Wicks, A. M., ve Roethlein, C. J. (2009). A satisfaction-based definition of quality. The Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 15(1), 82.
  • Wu, C. W. (2016). Destination loyalty modeling of the global tourism. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2213-2219.
  • Yoo, C. W., Goo, J., Huang, C. D., Nam, K., ve Woo, M. (2017). Improving travel decision support satisfaction with smart tourism technologies: A framework of tourist elaboration likelihood and self-efficacy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 330-341.
  • Yoon, Y., ve Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism management, 26(1), 45-56.

Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 17, 13 - 29, 27.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1023964

Abstract

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan değişim ve dönüşüm turizm endüstrisinde dijitalleşmeyi önemli ölçüde arttırmıştır. Akıllı turizm kapsamında kullanılan mobil telefonlar ve aplikasyonlar, Wi-Fi, mobil iletişim teknolojisi gibi uygulamalar turistlerin seyahat sürecindeki bilgi ihtiyaçlarını ve arayışlarını karşılamakta dolayısıyla satın alma sürecini doğrudan yönetmektedir. Tüketiciler, satın alma sürecinin tamamlanması ile birtakım deneyimlere sahip olurlar. Bu deneyimler, onların gelecekteki tutum ve davranışlarına etki edecektir. Bu bağlamda araştırma akıllı turizm teknolojileri, hafızaya dayalı turizm deneyimleri, turist tatmini ve turist destinasyon sadakati arasındaki etkileri ölçmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de akıllı şehir kapsamında yer alan Antalya’yı ziyaret eden yerli turistler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında “kolayda örneklem yöntemi” uygulanmıştır. Araştırma, veri toplamak amacıyla anket tekniğini kullanmıştır. Veriler, çevrim içi ve çevrim dışı ortamlar aracılığıyla toplanmış ve 401 veri analize uygun bulunmuştur. Araştırmada hipotezlerin test edilmesi için Smart PLS 3 (Partial Least Squares) istatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan testler sonucunda akıllı turizm teknolojilerinden bilgilendirme, erişilebilirlik, etkileşim ve kişiselleştirme boyutunun hafızaya dayalı turizm deneyimleri üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan hafızaya dayalı turizm deneyiminin turist tatmini ve turist destinasyon sadakati üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son olarak turist tatmininin turist destinasyon sadakati üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır.

References

  • Al-Ababneh, M. M. (2013). Service quality and its impact on tourist satisfaction. Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research, 164.
  • Armario, E. M. (2008). Tourist satisfaction: an analysis of its antecedents. In Universidad, Sociedady Mercados Globales (pp. 367-382). Asociación Española de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa (AEDEM).
  • Azis, N., Amin, M., Chan, S., ve Aprilia, C. (2020). How smart tourism technologies affect tourist destination loyalty. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 11(4), 603-625.
  • Bhat, M. A., ve Qadir, N. (2013). Tourist satisfaction in Kashmir: An empirical assessment. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, Scholink Co., LTD, London, 1(1), 152-166.
  • Brodie, R. J. Whittome, J. R., ve Brush, G. J. (2009). Investigating the service brand: A customer value perspective. Journal of Business Research, 62(3), 345-355.
  • Buhalis, D. (2019). Technology in tourism-from information communication technologies to eTourism and smart tourism towards ambient intelligence tourism: a perspective article. Tourism Review.75(1), 267-272.
  • Buhalis, D., ve Amaranggana, A. (2015). Smart tourism destinations enhancing tourism experience through personalisation of services. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2015 (pp. 377-389). Springer, Cham.
  • Chandralal, L., ve Valenzuela, F. R. (2013). Exploring memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and behavioural outcomes. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 1(2), 177-181.
  • Chen, C. F., ve Myagmarsuren, O. (2010). Exploring relationships between Mongolian destination brand equity, satisfaction and destination loyalty. Tourism economics, 16(4), 981-994.
  • Chen, J. S., ve Gursoy, D. (2001). An investigation of tourists’ destination loyalty and preferences. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 13(2), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110110381870
  • Chen, R., Zhou, Z., Zhan, G., ve Zhou, N. (2020). The impact of destination brand authenticity and destination brand self-congruence on tourist loyalty: The mediating role of destination brand engagement. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 15, 100402.
  • Chi, C. G. Q., ve Qu, H. (2008). Examining the structural relationships of destination image, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: An integrated approach. Tourism management, 29(4), 624-636.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Cossío-Silva, F. J., Revilla-Camacho, M. Á., ve Vega-Vázquez, M. (2019). The tourist loyalty index: A new indicator for measuring tourist destination loyalty?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(2), 71-77.
  • da Costa Mendes, J., Oom do Valle, P., Guerreiro, M. M., ve Silva, J. A. (2010). The tourist experience: Exploring the relationship between tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 58(2), 111-126.
  • Day, G. S. (1969). A two-dimensional concept of brand loyalty. Journal of Advertising Research, 9(3), 29-35.
  • Diamantopoulos, A., ve Siguaw, J. A. (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: A comparison and empirical illustration. British journal of management, 17(4), 263-282.
  • Dick, A. S., ve Basu, K. (1994). Customer loyalty: Toward an integrated conceptual framework. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 22(2), 99-113.
  • Eckes, T., ve Six, B. (1994). Fakten und fiktionen in der Einstellumgs-Verhaltens-Forschung. Eine.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Gohary, A., Pourazizi, L., Madani, F., ve Chan, E. Y. (2020). Examining Iranian tourists’ memorable experiences on destination satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 131-136.
  • Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., ve Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European business review, 26(2), 106-121.
  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M. ve Ringle, C. M. (2016). Identifying and treating unobserved heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: Part I–method. European Business Review, 28(1), 63-76.
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., ve Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long range planning, 46(1-2), 1-12.
  • Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., ve Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
  • Henseler, J., Hubona, G., ve Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2-20.
  • Hu, L. T., ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Huang, C. D., Goo, J., Nam, K., ve Yoo, C. W. (2017). Smart tourism technologies in travel planning: The role of exploration and exploitation. Information & Management, 54(6), 757-770.
  • Jeong, M., ve Shin, H. H. (2020). Tourists’ experiences with smart tourism technology at smart destinations and their behavior intentions. Journal of Travel Research, 59(8), 1464-1477.
  • Jovicic, D. Z. (2019). From the traditional understanding of tourism destination to the smart tourism destination. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 276-282.
  • Kim, J. H. (2014). The antecedents of memorable tourism experiences: The development of a scale to measure the destination attributes associated with memorable experiences. Tourism management, 44, 34-45.
  • Kim, J. H. (2018). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on loyalty behaviors: The mediating effects of destination image and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 856-870.
  • Lee, J., Graefe, A. R., ve Burns, R. C. (2007). Examining the antecedents of destination loyalty in a forest setting. Leisure Sciences, 29(5), 463-481.
  • Lee, S., Jeon, S., ve Kim, D. (2011). The impact of tour quality and tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty: The case of Chinese tourists in Korea. Tourism Management, 32(5), 1115-1124.
  • Li, Y. (2017). Individuals’ motivations to adopt smart technologies for tourism-discrepancy between initial and post adoption. In International Conference on Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions (pp. 77-92). Springer, Cham.
  • Malhotra, N. K. (2004). Marketing Research an Applied Orientation (4. Edition). Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • McDowall, S. (2010). International tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: Bangkok, Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 15(1), 21-42.
  • Mohamad, M. (2013). Positioning Malaysia as a tourist destination based on destination loyalty. Asian Social Science, 9(1), 286-292.
  • No, E., ve Kim, J. K. (2015). Comparing the attributes of online tourism information sources. Computers in human behavior, 50, 564-575.
  • O’brien, R. M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality & quantity, 41(5), 673-690.
  • Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty?. Journal of marketing, 63(4_suppl1), 33-44.
  • Oliver, R. L. (1997). Loyalty and profit: long-term effects of satisfaction. Satisfaction: A behavioural perspective on the consumer, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, NY
  • Pai, C. K., Liu, Y., Kang, S., ve Dai, A. (2020). The role of perceived smart tourism technology experience for tourist satisfaction, happiness and revisit intention. Sustainability, 12(16), 6592.
  • Ramos, C. M., Henriques, C., ve Lanquar, R. (2016). Augmented reality for smart tourism in religious heritage itineraries: Tourism experiences in the technological age. In Handbook of Research on Human-Computer Interfaces, Developments, and Applications (pp. 245-272). IGI Global.
  • Sadeh, E., Asgari, F., Mousavi, L., ve Sadeh, S. (2012). Factors affecting tourist satisfaction and its consequences. Journal of basic and applied scientific research, 2(2), 1557-1560.
  • Sangpikul, A. (2018). The effects of travel experience dimensions on tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The case of an island destination. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research. 12(1), 106-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR- 06-2017-0067
  • Servidio, R., ve Ruffolo, I. (2016). Exploring the relationship between emotions and memorable tourism experiences through narratives. Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 151-160.
  • Sharma, P., ve Nayak, J. K. (2019). Understanding memorable tourism experiences as the determinants of tourists' behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(4), 504-518.
  • Sharma, S. (2016). A study on measurement of customer satisfaction in hotel industry. International Journal of Applied Research, 2(2), 806-809.
  • Shen, S., Sotiriadis, M., ve Zhang, Y. (2020). The influence of smart technologies on customer journey in tourist attractions within the smart tourism management framework. Sustainability, 12(10), 4157.
  • Som, A. P. M., Shirazi, S. F. M., Marzuki, A., ve Jusoh, J. (2011). A critical analysis of tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. Journal of Global Management, 2(1), 178-183.
  • Sönmez Çakır, F. (2020). Kısmi en küçük kareler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (PLS-SEM) SmartPLS 3.2. Uygulamaları. Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Stavrianea, A., ve Kamenidou, I.(E). (2021). Memorable tourism experiences, destination image, satisfaction, and loyalty: an empirical study of Santorini Island, EuroMed Journal of Business, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-10- 2020-0106
  • Sthapit, E., ve Coudounaris, D. N. (2018). Memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(1), 72-94.
  • Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., ve Wolf, E. (2018). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121-1132.
  • Sukiman, M. F., Omar, S. I., Muhibudin, M., Yussof, I., ve Mohamed, B. (2013). Tourist satisfaction as the key to destination survival in Pahang. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 78-87.
  • Tung, V. W. S., ve Ritchie, J. B. (2011). Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. Annals of tourism research, 38(4), 1367-1386.
  • Um, T., ve Chung, N. (2021). Does smart tourism technology matter? Lessons from three smart tourism cities in South Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(4), 396-414.
  • Wang, X., Zhang, J., Gu, C., ve Zhen, F. (2009). Examining antecedents and consequences of tourist satisfaction: A structural modeling approach. Tsinghua Science and technology, 14(3), 397-406.
  • Wei, C., Zhao, W., Zhang, C., ve Huang, K. (2019). Psychological factors affecting memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 619-632.
  • Westbrook, Robert A. (1980). A Rating Scale for Measuring Product/Service Satisfaction. Journal of Marketing, 44(Fall), 68-72
  • Wicker, A. (1969). Attitude versus actions: The relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects. Journal of Social Issues, 25(4), 41-78.
  • Wicks, A. M., ve Roethlein, C. J. (2009). A satisfaction-based definition of quality. The Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 15(1), 82.
  • Wu, C. W. (2016). Destination loyalty modeling of the global tourism. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2213-2219.
  • Yoo, C. W., Goo, J., Huang, C. D., Nam, K., ve Woo, M. (2017). Improving travel decision support satisfaction with smart tourism technologies: A framework of tourist elaboration likelihood and self-efficacy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 330-341.
  • Yoon, Y., ve Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism management, 26(1), 45-56.
There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Research Papers
Authors

Sinan Çavuşoğlu 0000-0001-9365-8677

Bülent Demirağ 0000-0002-8718-1822

Kazim Dağ 0000-0003-0643-6932

Publication Date February 27, 2022
Submission Date November 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 17

Cite

APA Çavuşoğlu, S., Demirağ, B., & Dağ, K. (2022). Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(17), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1023964
AMA Çavuşoğlu S, Demirağ B, Dağ K. Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği. JEBUPOR. February 2022;7(17):13-29. doi:10.25204/iktisad.1023964
Chicago Çavuşoğlu, Sinan, Bülent Demirağ, and Kazim Dağ. “Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini Ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği”. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7, no. 17 (February 2022): 13-29. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1023964.
EndNote Çavuşoğlu S, Demirağ B, Dağ K (February 1, 2022) Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 17 13–29.
IEEE S. Çavuşoğlu, B. Demirağ, and K. Dağ, “Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği”, JEBUPOR, vol. 7, no. 17, pp. 13–29, 2022, doi: 10.25204/iktisad.1023964.
ISNAD Çavuşoğlu, Sinan et al. “Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini Ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği”. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7/17 (February 2022), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1023964.
JAMA Çavuşoğlu S, Demirağ B, Dağ K. Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği. JEBUPOR. 2022;7:13–29.
MLA Çavuşoğlu, Sinan et al. “Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini Ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği”. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 17, 2022, pp. 13-29, doi:10.25204/iktisad.1023964.
Vancouver Çavuşoğlu S, Demirağ B, Dağ K. Akıllı Turizm Teknolojilerinin Hafızaya Dayalı Turizm Deneyimleri, Turist Tatmini ve Sadakati Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akıllı Şehir Antalya Örneği. JEBUPOR. 2022;7(17):13-29.