الطريقة القرآنية في حل المشكلات الأسرية (في سياق الآية رقم 34 من سورة النساء)
Abstract
إن الأسرة، وهي مؤسسة قديمة قدم التاريخ البشري، توصف بأنها آية من آيات الله وفقًا للقرآن الكريم. والآية هي: العلامة والوثيقة التي تُظهرقدرة الخالق الأسمى وتدل عليه. وعليه فإن الأسرة: مؤسسة يجب أن تعامل على أنها آية تُحترم وتُقرأ بتعمق ويُحافظ عليها بعناية فائقة. إن الأسرة المسلمة تنشأ بقوله "بأمر الله وعلى سنة رسوله" مستندةً إلى الآية القرآنية: وَاَنْكِحُوا الْاَيَامٰى مِنْكُمْ وَالصَّالِح۪ينَ مِنْ عِبَادِكُمْ وَاِمَٓائِكُمْۜ اِنْ يَكُونُوا فُقَـرَٓاءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ فَضْلِه۪ۜ وَاللّٰهُ وَاسِعٌ عَل۪يمٌﱠ (النور: 32). وإلى الحديث النبوي "النكاح سنتي فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني".في الواقع هذه الجملة التي تشكل أساس الأسرة هي من خصائص الأسرة الإسلامية. لذلك يجب تأسيس الأسرة وفقًا للمعايير الإسلامية بما يتماشى مع متطلبات هذه الجملة، ويجب حمايتها والحفاظ عليها وفقًا لهذه الجملة أيضًا. وباعتبار أن زواج المتعة، الذي يسمى الزواج المؤقت، محرم في الإسلام فإن الأسرة الإسلامية مؤسسة تهدف إلى البقاء مدى الحياة، بل يؤمل أن تستمر في الجنة. ويوضح القرآن الكريم أن أهل الجنة سيكونون فيها مع نسائهم وذرياتهم. إن النبي الذي هو الأسوة الحسنة لنا في الزواج وفي جميع أحولنا قد واجه بعض المشكلات بين الحين والآخر مع زوجاته إلا أن بيوته التي أسس لها لم تبوء بالفشل قطعا
Keywords
Aile İçi Sorunların Çözümünde Kur’ânî Yöntem (Nisâ Suresi 34. Ayeti Bağlamında) / Methods of Solving Domestic Problems in the Quran (With Reference to Surah An-Nisa, Verse 34) / الطريقة القرآنية في حل المشكلات الأسرية (في سياق الآية رقم 34 من سورة النساء)
Abstract
İnsanlık tarihi kadar kadîm bir müessese olan aile, Kur’ân’a göre Allah’ın ayetlerinden bir ayet olarak nitelendirilir. 1 Ayet, Yüce Yaratıcı’nın erişilmez kudretini gösteren, O’na götüren alamet ve belge demektir. Buna göre aile bir ayet gibi saygıyla ele alınması, üzerinde derinlikli düşünülerek okunması ve itinayla korunması gereken bir kurumdur.
Kur’ân’ın “İçinizdeki bekârları, kölelerinizden ve cariyelerinizden iyi olanları evlendirin. Eğer yoksul iseler, Allah onları lütfu ile zenginleştirir. Allah lütfu bol olandır, bilendir” ayeti, Peygamberimizin “Nikâh benim sünnetimdir, kim benim sünnetimden yüz çevirirse benden değildir” gibi sözleri doğrultusunda İslam ailesi “Allah’ın emri ve Peygamberin kavliyle” kurulur. Aslında ailenin temelini oluşturan bu cümle İslam ailesinin patentidir. Dolayısıyla aile bu cümlenin gerekleri doğrultusunda İslamî ölçülere göre kurulmalı, bu cümle doğrultusunda korunmalı ve sürdürülmelidir. İslam’da geçici/süreli nikâh denilen mut’anın yasaklandığı düşünülürse İslam ailesi, ömür boyu sürmesi hedeflenen ve hatta cennette de devam edeceği ümit edilen bir kurumdur. Kur’ân ayetlerinde, cennetliklerin eşleri ve zürriyetleriyle birlikte cennette ağırlanacağı belirtilir. 4 Her konuda olduğu gibi yaptığı evlilikleriyle de bizlere en güzel örnekliği sunan Peygamberimizin kurduğu aile yuvalarında zaman zaman bir kısım problemler yaşanmış olsa da aile yuvasının yıkılması söz konusu olmamıştır.
Keywords
Methods of Solving Domestic Problems in the Quran (With Reference to Surah An-Nisa, Verse 34)
Abstract
Family, a concept that is as ancient as the history of humanity, is regarded as a verse of Allah according to Quran. “And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquility in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.” The term “verse” means any signs and documents that reflect the Creator’s unique power and that direct to the divine ideology. Accordingly, the concept of family should be examined with the same seriousness and respect shown to the concept of verse. In addition, it should be considered thoroughly and protected carefully.
The verse in Quran “And marry the unmarried among you and the righteous among your male slaves and female slaves. If they should be poor, Allah will enrich them from His bounty. Allah is all-Encompassing and all-Knowing” and the Prophet’s statement “Marriage is my sunnah. Whoever abandons my sunnah is not a follower of mine guide the Muslims and Islamic families are established with Allah’s order and Prophet’s words. Constituting the basis of the concept of family in Islam, this statement is actually a patent on a proper Islamic family. Accordingly, families should be established based on Islamic principles, and protected and maintained in line with what this statement means. Considering the fact that the Islamic practice called muta (temporary) marriage has been forbidden, Islamic family is an institution which is to be maintained throughout a couples’ lives and is even believed to continue in paradise. Verses in the Quran indicate that people living in paradise will be hosted in paradise with their partners and descendants. The family of the Prophet, who is the best model for Muslims with his marriages and on any subject, was never fragmented, although he occasionally had certain problems in his marriages.
Although divorce is recommended as a solution when there is no other option, what is more important is to maintain the family peacefully. The establishment of families is based on this target and measures are taken in this regard. Sincerity is ensured between the families of the bride and groom to help the couples reach the aforementioned target. Therefore, brides and grooms, who are the key people in a family, should be aware of this. Moreover, relatives who financially and spiritually help establish the family should act accordingly. The problems seen in the institution of family in the modern days arise from people’s awareness-based deficiency in this subject.
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