The Variables Predicting Couple Burnout

Year 2013, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 561 - 574, 26.06.2013

Burhan Çapri , Zafer Gökçakan

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the contributions of variables concerned with socio-demographic features, career burnout, marital adjustment, spouse support, marriage and relationship on the prediction of couple burnout of married individuals. The research group consisted of 435 married females (n= 235) and males (n= 200), who are university staff in different units of Mersin University, selected randomly from the population and who accepted to join the study voluntarily. In order to measure couple burnout, “Couple Burnout Measure (CBM)”; in order to measure career burnout, “Burnout Measure (BM)”; in order to measure marital adjustment, “Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS)”; and in order to determine the variables concerned with marriage and relationship, spouse support, socio-demographic features, “Personal Information Form” were used. In order to analyze the data stepwise linear multiple regression analysis and t test were employed and significance level was taken as 0.01 and 0.05 for analyses. As a result of the analysis, it is found that married individuals’ couple burnout scores were predicted by different variables. The findings were discussed according to the literature.

Keywords

Couple Burnout, Career Burnout, Marital Adjustment, Spouse Support, Marriage

Eş Tükenmişliğini Yordayan Değişkenler

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyo-demografik özellikler, mesleki tükenmişlik, evlilik uyumu, eş desteği, evlilik ve ilişki ile ilgili değişkenlerin evli bireylerin eş tükenmişliğini yordamadaki katkılarını incelemektir. Araştırma grubunu, Mersin Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli birimlerinden, çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden ve evrenden seçkisiz olarak seçilen 435 evli kadın (n=235) ve erkek (n=200) üniversite personeli oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada, eş tükenmişliğini ölçmek üzere “Eş Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (ETÖ)”; mesleki tükenmişliği ölçmek üzere “Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (TÖ)”; evlilik uyumunu ölçmek için “Evlilik Uyum Ölçeği (EUÖ); sosyo-demografik özellikler, eş desteği, evlilik ve ilişki ile ilgili değişkenleri belirlemek üzere “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, aşamalı doğrusal çoklu regresyon analizi ile t testinden yararlanılmış ve sonuçların değerlendirilmesinde hata payı üst sınırı 0.01 ve 0.05 ölçüt olarak kabul edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, evli bireylerin eş tükenmişliği puanlarının, farklı değişkenler tarafından yordandığı bulunmuştur. Bulgular literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır

Keywords

Eş Tükenmişliği, Mesleki Tükenmişlik, Evlilik Uyumu, Eş Desteği, Evlilik

References

• Aktuğ, İ. Y., Susur, A., Keskin, S., Balcı, Y. ve Seber, G. (2006). Osmangazi üniversitesi tıp fakültesi’nde çalışan hekimlerde tükenmişlik düzeyleri. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 28 (2), 91-101.
• Aslan, S. H., Gürkan, S. B., Alparslan, Z. N. ve Ünal, M. (1996). Tıpta uzmanlık öğrencisi hekimlerde tükenme düzeyleri. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 7(1), 39-45.
• Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). The crossover of burnout and work engagement among working couples. Human Relations, 58 (5), 661-689.
• Blix, A. G. Cruise, R. J. Mitchell, B. N., & Blix, G. G. (1994). Occupational stress among university teachers. Educational Research, 36 (2), 157–169.
• Brewer, E. W. & McMahan, J. (2003). Job stress and burnout among industrial and technical teacher educators. Journal of Vocational Education Research, 28 (2), 125-140.
• Brotheridge, C. M. & Lee, R. T. (2005). Impact of work-family interference of general well-being: A replication and extension. International Journal of Stress Management, 12 (3), 203-221.
• Budak, G. ve Sürgevil, O. (2005). Tükenmişliği ve tükenmişliği etkileyen örgütsel faktörlerin analizine iliskin akademik personel üzerinde bir uygulama. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler FakültesiDergisi, 20 (2) 95-108.
• Burke, R. J. & Greenglass, E. R. (2001). Hospital restructuring, work-family conflict and burnout among nursing staff. Psychology and Health, 16, 583–594.
• Cleary, P. D. & Mechanic, D. (1983). Sex differences in psychological distress among married people. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 111-121.
• Çapri, B. (2006). Tükenmişlik ölçeği’nin Türkçe uyarlama geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2 (1), 62-77.
• Çapri, B. (2008). Eş tükenmişliğini yordayan değişkenlerin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mersin.
• Danylchuk, K. E. (1993). The presence of occupational burnout and its correlates in university physical education personnel. Journal of Sport Management, 7, 107-121.
• Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). Spillover and crossover of exhaustion and life satisfaction among dual-earner parents. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67, 266-289.
• Dytell, R. S., Pardine, P., & Napoli, A. (1985). Importance of occupational and non-occupational stress among professional men and women. Paper presented at the meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Philadelphia.
• Ergin, C. (1992). Doktor ve hemşirelerde tükenmişlik ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Öçeği’nin uyarlanması. VII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi, Ankara.
• Etzion, D. & Pines, A. M. (1986). Sex and culture in burnout and coping among human service professionals. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 17, 191-209.
• Gonzalez, J. M. R. (2000). Examination of the Spanish version of the Pines couple burnout measure. Internatıonal Journal of Psychology, 35 (3-4), 291-291.
• Greenglass, E. R. & Burke, R. J. (1988). Work and family precursors of burnout in teachers: Sex differences. Sex Roles, 18, 215-229.
• Gueritault-Calvin, V., Kalichman, S. C, Demi, A., & Peterson, J. L. (2000). Work-related stress and occupational burnout in aids caregivers: Test of a coping model with nurses providing aıds care. Aids care, 12 (2), 149-161.
• Hammer, L. B., Allen, E., & Grigsby, T. D. (1997). Work and family conflict in dual-earner couples: Within-individual and crossover effects of work and family. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 185-20
• Hammer, L. B. & Zimmerman, K. L. (2010). Quality of work life. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), Handbook of I/O Psychology. Vol. 3. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Hochschild, A. R. (1999). The time bind: When work becomes home and home becomes work. New York: Henry Holt.
• Hogan, R. L. & McKnight, M. A. (2007). Exploring burnout among university online instructors: An initial investigation. Internet and Higher Education, 10, 117–124.
• Kafry, D. & Pines, A. M. (1980). The experience of tedium in life work. Human Relations, 33 (7), 47750
• Kahill, S. (1988). Symptoms of professional burnout. A review of the empirical evidence. Canadian Psychology, 29, 284-297.
• Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Asil Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
• Kinnunen, U. & Mauno, S. (2001). Dual-earner families in Finland: Differences between and within families in relation to work and family experiences. Community, Work & Family, 4 (1), 87-107.
• Lackritz, J. R. (2004). Exploring burnout among university faculty: Incidence, performance, and demographic issues. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 713–729.
• Laes, T. & Laes, T. (2001). Career burnout and its relationship to couple burnout in Finland: A pilot study. Paper presented in a symposium entitled "The Relationship between Career and Couple Burnout: A Cross-Cultural Perspective” held at the Annual Convention of The American Psychological Association, San Francisco, California.
• Lavee, Y. & Adital, B. (2007). Relationship of dyadic closeness with work-related stress: A daily diary study. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69, 1021–1035.
• Locke, H. J. & Wallace, K. M. (1959). Short marital-adjustment and prediction tests: Their reliability and validity. Marriage and Family Living, 21, 251-255.
• Maslach, C. & Jackson, S.E. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. Palo Alto, CA Consulting Psychologist Press.
• Maslach, C. (1998). A multidimensional theory of burnout. In C.L. Cooper (Ed.). Theory of organizational stress (pp. 68-86). New York: Oxford University Press.
• Nunes, R., Pines, A. M., Rodrigue, J. M., & Utasi, A. (2000). Career burnout and couple burnout: A cross-cultural perspective-Portuguese Reality. Internatıonal Journal of Psychology, 35 (3-4), 2902
• Pines, A., Aronson, E., & Kafry D. (1981). Burnout: From tedium to personal growth. The Free Press, New York.
• Pines, A. M. & Aronson, E. (1988). Career burnout: Causes and cures. New York: Free Press.
• Pines, A. M. (1989). Sex differences in marriage burnout. Israel Social Sciance Research, 5, 60-75.
• Pines, A. M. (1993). Burnout – An existential perspective in W. Schaufeli, C. Maslach & T. Marek (Eds.) Professional burnout: Developments in theory and research. Washington D.C.: Taylor & Francis, 1993, 33-52.
• Pines, A. M. (1996). Couple burnout: Causes and cures. New York/London: Routledge.
• Pines, A. M. (2000a). Treating career burnout: A psychodinamic existential perspective. Psychotherapy in Practice, 56 (5), 633-642.
• Pines, A. M. (2000b). Nurses’ burnout: An existential psychodynamic perspective, Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services, 38 (2), 23-31.
• Pines, A.M. (2000c). Career burnout and couple burnout in Israel and the USA. Internatıonal Journal of Psychology, 35 (3-4), 290-290.
• Pines, A. M., Nunes, R., Rodrigue, J. M., & Utasi, A. (2000). Career burnout and couple burnout: A cross-cultural perspective. Internatıonal Journal of Psychology, 35 (3-4), 290-290.
• Pines, A. M. & Yanai O. (2000). Unconscious influences on the choice of a career: Implications for organizational consultation. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 4, 502-511.
• Pines, A. M. & Yanai O. (2001). Unconscious determinants of career choice and burnout: theoretical model and counseling strategy. Journal of Employment Counseling, 38, 170-184.
• Pines, A. M. & Nunes, R. (2003). The relationship between career and couple burnout: ımplications for career and couple counseling. Journal of Employment Counseling, 40, 2, 50-64.
• Pines, A. M., Neal, M. B., Hammer, L. B., & Icekson,T. (2011). Job burnout and couple burnout in dualearner couples in the sandwiched generation. Social Psychology Quarterly, 74, 361-386.
• Roberts, N. A. & Levenson, R. W. (2001). The remains of the workday: Impact of job stress and exhaustion on marital interaction in police couples. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 105210
• Schaufeli, W. B. & Enzmann, D. (1998). The burnout companion to study & practice: A critical analysis. London: Taylor & Francis.
• Taycan, O., Kutlu, L., Çimen, S. ve Aydın, N. (2006). Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerde depresyon ve tükenmişlik düzeyinin sosyodemografik özelliklerle ilişkisi. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 7, 100-108
• Tevrüz, S. (1996). Endüstri ve örgüt psikolojisi. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
• Tutarel-Kışlak, Ş. (1999). Evlilikte uyum ölçeğinin (EUÖ) güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. 3P Dergisi, 7 (1), 50-57.
• Utasi, A. (2000). Career burnout and couple burnout in Hungary. Internatıonal Journal of Psychology, 35 (3-4), 291-291.
• Vandenberghe, R. & Huberman, A. M. (1999). Understanding and preventing teacher burnout: A sourcebook of international research and practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Vinokur, A. D. & Westman, M. (1998). Unraveling the relationship of distress levels within couples: common stressors, empathic reactions, or crossover via social interaction? Human Relations, 51, 137-1
• Weisberg, J. & Sagie, A. (1999). Teachers’ physical, mental and emotional burnout: impact on intention to quit. The Journal of Psychology, 133 (3), 333-339.
• Westman, M. & Etzion, D. (1995). Crossover of stress, strain and resources from one spouse to another. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 169-181.
• Westman, M. & Etzion, D. (1999). The crossover of strain from school principals to teachers and vice versa. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, 269-278.
• Westman, M. (2001). A model of stres crossover. Human Relations, 54, 557–591.
• Westman, M., Etzion, D., & Danon, E. (2001). Job insecurity and crossover of burnout in married couples. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 467-481.
• Wolstencroft, J. M. (1989). Burnout and marital adjustment in urban and rural clergy families. The Florida State University. Unpublished Dissertation.
• York, D. C. (1982). Relationship between burnout and assertiveness, aggressiveness, styles of relating, and marital adjustment with pastors. Biola University, Rosmead School of Psychology. Unpublished Dissertation.