### Typeface and Page Layout
Manuscripts submitted to IMSAR should be prepared using Microsoft Word with the main text in Times New Roman, 11-point font, and single-spaced. Manuscripts that do not conform to these formatting guidelines will be returned to the authors before being sent to reviewers. The manuscript should be typed on A4 paper, single-sided, with the following margins: top: 5 cm, left: 5 cm, bottom: 5 cm, and right: 4.5 cm.

### Length and Page Numbers
Manuscripts submitted for publication should not exceed 30 pages, including appendices and references. However, longer manuscripts may be considered for review at the discretion of the Editor and/or Publication Committee. Submitted manuscripts are expected to be at least 10 pages in length. Page numbers should not be included in the manuscript.

### Article Structure
The manuscript file, which should not contain any author information, should consist of the following sections: article title, abstract, keywords, introduction, main text, conclusion, references, and appendices (if any). The order of the sections in the manuscript submitted to the journal should be as follows:
- Title
- Abstract and keywords
- Introduction
- Main text
- Conclusion
- Explanatory notes (if any)
- References
- Appendices (if any)

### Title of the Article
The title should be written in all capital letters, bold, Times New Roman font, 12-point size, centered, and should not exceed two lines. For articles in Turkish, the English title should also be provided, and for articles in English, the Turkish title should be included.

Below the title, the full names of the author(s) should be provided. If there are multiple authors, they should be numbered using superscript.
Example: first author name (1) and second author name (2), etc.
Information identifying the author(s) (affiliations, email addresses) should be provided as footnotes. If there are multiple authors, the corresponding author responsible for communication with the Journal's Editorial Office should be specified. If not specified, the corresponding author will be assumed to be the one who submitted the manuscript.

### Abstract and Keywords
The manuscript should begin with an abstract of at least 150 and no more than 180 words in both Turkish and English. The abstract should include information on the purpose, methodology, findings, and conclusions of the study. No references or abbreviations should be included in the abstracts.
- Abstract title: All capital letters, bold, Times New Roman font, 10-point size, centered, and italicized.
- Abstract text: Times New Roman font, 10-point size, and italicized.
- Below the abstracts, a single line space should be left, and five (5) keywords that best describe the subject should be provided in both Turkish and English.
- Manuscripts may be written in Turkish or English. However, all manuscripts must include both Turkish and English titles and abstracts.

### Main Text and Section Headings
The main text should be written in Times New Roman font, 11-point size, justified alignment. A single paragraph space (0 nk) should be provided before and after paragraphs. The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 1 cm. The main headings and subheadings of the article should be numbered decimally, starting with the Introduction (excluding References). Subheadings should be organized up to the third level (e.g., 1.2.4.). If further sublevels are necessary, they should be italicized and bold without numbering.

The sentence constituting the main heading should be written in “ALL CAPITAL LETTERS and BOLD.” The second-level subheadings should be written in “Initial Capitals and Bold.” Main and subheadings should be written in Times New Roman font, 12-point size.

**At the end of the article, a statement of Contribution Rate, a Declaration of Support and Acknowledgment (if applicable), and a Conflict of Interest Declaration should be included.**

### Tables and Figures
Tables and figures should be numbered sequentially (e.g., Table 1, Table 2, Figure 1) and placed in the text where they belong. The table title should be placed above the table, while the figure title should be placed below the figure. The first letter of the title should be capitalized. The source of the table or figure should be written below the table or figure. Tables and figures, along with their titles, should be centered within the text. A single line space should be left between the table/figure and the text. The text within tables or figures should be between 9 and 11 points in size. Tables or data that disrupt the flow of the text can be placed as “Appendix” at the end of the manuscript.

Example of Table and Figure Title:
- **Table 1:** Literature Review on Performance Measurement in Ports (11-point)
- **Figure 1:** Conceptual Model of the Study (11-point)

### Mathematical Equations and Formulas
Mathematical equations and formulas within the text should be centered. Each equation should be numbered sequentially, and the equation number should be right-aligned and enclosed in parentheses. A space (6 nk) should be left between the equation and the text.

### Referencing
References should be cited in the text, not in footnotes, by providing the author(s)' last name, the year of the source, and page numbers where applicable.

Example: …. was obtained as a result (Saçaklıoğlu, 2008: 18–22).
For works with two authors, both authors' last names should be written. For works with three or more authors, only the first author's last name should be followed by "et al." in English studies or "vd." in Turkish studies. If the author(s) published more than one work in the same year, symbols such as (a, b, c, etc.) should be added after the publication year to distinguish them. If multiple references are cited at the end of a sentence, they should be listed in chronological order within the parentheses, separated by semicolons (;).

### In-Text Citation Format
For citing books, articles, conference papers, edited books, or chapters in edited books:
- For a single author: (Stopford, 1997: 67)
- For two authors: (Bryman and Teevan, 2005: 13)
- For more than two authors: (Rodrigue et al. 2006: 54) for English studies, or (Rodrigue vd. 2006: 54) for Turkish studies.

### Explanatory (End) Notes
Explanatory (end) notes in the text should be placed at the end of the article, before the references section, and should be numbered consecutively in the order they appear in the text (1, 2, 3, etc.).

### References
The reference list should start on the page where the article ends and should be arranged alphabetically by the last name of the author(s). All sources cited in the text must be listed in the references section, and sources not cited in the text should not be included. If multiple works by the same author(s) are cited, they should be listed starting with the earliest publication. If multiple works by the same author(s) are cited with the same publication year, they should be distinguished with letters (a, b, c, etc.) after the publication year, as in the text. When citing a single-author work and multiple-author works by the same author, the single-author works should be listed first. For articles published in journals and chapters in edited books, the page numbers must be included.

Abbreviations used in the references should be consistent with the language of the article, regardless of the language of the source. For example, in a Turkish article citing an English source, "ve" should be used instead of "and" between authors.

Below are some examples of how to cite books, articles, conference papers, reports, chapters in edited books, and theses in the references section:

**BOOK:**
- Stopford, M. (1997). *Maritime Economics*. New York: Routledge.
- Bryman, A., and Teevan, J. (2005). *Social Research Methods*. Canada: Oxford University Press.

**ARTICLE:**
- Mangan, J., Lalwani, C., and Gardner, B. (2001). Identifying relevant variables and modelling the choice process in freight transportation. *International Journal of Maritime Economics*, 3(3), 278-297.
- Anderson, E.W., Fornell, C., and Lehmann, D.R. (1994). Customer satisfaction, market share, and profitability: Findings from Sweden. *Journal of Marketing*, 58(3), 53–66.

**CONFERENCE/SEMINAR/WORKSHOP PAPER:**
- Atik, O., and Cerit, G. (2008). Government support for sustainability of marine salvage services: A case for Turkey. In: Proceedings of IAME 2008 Conference. Dalian, China.

**REPORTS:**
- DPT (2000). İklim değişikliği özel ihtisas komisyonu raporu. *Sekizinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı*, Ankara.

**CHAPTER IN AN EDITED BOOK:**
- Heaver, T. (2002). Supply Chain and Logistics Management: Implications for Liner Shipping, in C. Grammenos (Ed.), *The Handbook of Maritime Economics and Business*, pp. 375-396. London: LLP Informa Publishing.

**THESIS:**
- Atlay Işık, D. (2010). Yat turizminde holistik pazarlama ve Türkiye için farklılaştırma stratejileri. *Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sos

yal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir*.

**INTERNET:**
- Deniz Ticareti Genel Müdürlüğü. (2012). Deniz Ticareti Analizleri. Retrieved from [http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/YAYINLAR/20120816_142103_64032_1_64346.pdf](http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/YAYINLAR/20120816_142103_64032_1_64346.pdf), Accessed on: 04.01.2014.

### In-Text Citation Examples
- Brokers in maritime transportation are defined as parties that bring together buyers and sellers of ships and transportation services (Strandenes, 2000: 17).
- As quoted by Collins (2000: 102), the 1993 Lloyd’s List magazine describes a shipbroker as follows:……
- Christopher et al. (1991: 4) noted that relationship marketing is a customer-focused approach that aims to establish long-term relationships with current and potential customers to achieve the dual objectives of acquiring and retaining customers.

IMSAR Journal's Commitment to Ethical Publishing

The IMSAR Journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and preventing malpractice by adhering to the following principles. These principles are based on the recommendations and guidelines developed by organizations such as the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) for journal editors.

#### EDITOR RESPONSIBILITIES

**Article Publication Decisions**
The editor of the IMSAR Journal is responsible for deciding which of the submitted articles should be published in the journal. The editor is also responsible for ensuring that articles submitted to the journal are compliant with the journal's policies regarding defamation, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor has the right to consult with reviewers during the decision-making process. The editor is responsible for the content and overall quality of the publication. The editor must ensure a fair and appropriate peer review process.

**Conflicts of Interest**
Unpublished material disclosed in submitted manuscripts cannot be used in any editor’s own research without the express written consent of the author.

**Impartiality**
Submitted articles are always evaluated without bias. Manuscripts are assessed solely on their intellectual content without regard to the author’s race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, nationality, or political philosophy.

**Confidentiality**
The editor, assistant editors, and the publication committee must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, other editorial advisors, and the publisher.

To access the "General Duties and Responsibilities of Editors" document prepared by COPE, visit: [COPE Code of Conduct](https://publicationethics.org/files/2008%20Code%20of%20Conduct.pdf).

#### REVIEWER RESPONSIBILITIES

**Promptness**
A reviewer who feels unqualified to assess the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its timely review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse themselves from the review process.

**Confidentiality**
Manuscripts under review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.

**Impartiality**
Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

**Acknowledgment of Sources**
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. They should also bring to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

**Conflicts of Interest**
Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors.

To access the "Peer Review Guidelines" document prepared by COPE, visit: [COPE Peer Review Guidelines](https://publicationethics.org/files/Peer%20review%20guidelines.pdf).

#### AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITIES

**Reporting Standards**
Authors must ensure that the submitted work is original and has not been published in any other journal. Data presented in the work must be accurate, and the work should include sufficient detail and references. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

**Data Access and Retention**
Authors may be asked to provide raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data, if feasible, and should retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.

**Originality and Plagiarism**
Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original, and if they have used the work and/or words of others, this must be appropriately cited. By submitting a manuscript to IMSAR, authors guarantee that their work is original, adheres to ethical standards, and does not substantially overlap with other published or submitted works.

**Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication**
An author should not generally publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

**Acknowledgment of Sources**
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.

**Authorship of the Paper**
Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. When other individuals have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

**Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest**
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript.

**Fundamental Errors in Published Works**
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

For more information on authorship and author responsibilities, see the ICMJE guidelines: [ICMJE Recommendations](http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/).

**At the end of the article, a statement regarding the Contribution Rate of the researchers, any Support and Acknowledgment, and a Conflict of Interest Declaration must be included.**

### PUBLICATION POLICIES

1. The language of the articles submitted to the journal must be English.
2. Submitted manuscripts should not have been previously published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Articles derived from papers presented at conferences and symposia can be published in the Journal, provided that a note to this effect is included on the first page.
3. The opinions expressed in the published articles are the responsibility of the authors.
4. Manuscripts submitted to the journal must comply with writing and grammar rules. The editor and/or the Editorial Board reserve the right to request changes to the form and content of the manuscripts if deemed necessary.
5. The journal is published in June and December. There may be shifts in the publication schedule due to the journal's publication system. Therefore, the IMSAR journal is not under any obligation or liability for any requests or demands.
6. Authors are required to comply with the IMSAR journal's article submission policy.