Birleşmiş Milletler’de Koruma Sorumluluğu ve İnsan Güvenliği Kavramları: Anlamlara Dönüş

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 387 - 444, 31.12.2021

Hakkı Hakan Erkiner Emerant Yves Omgba Akoudou

Abstract

Koruma sorumluluğu ve insan güvenliği kavramları, ortaya çıkışlarından bu yana düşünce ve uygulama anlamında uluslararası toplumun özel ilgisine konu olmuştur. Bu olgunun merkez üssü olan Birleşmiş Milletler, kavramların anlamları konusunda kaçınılmaz olarak resmi bir pozisyon almak durumundadır. Eldeki çalışma, söz konusu kavramların anlamlarını yeniden gözden geçirmekte ve esas olarak Birleşmiş Milletler ve Genel Kurul’un normatif üretimlerine dayanarak, bunların yalnızca, uluslararası istikrarın koşulu olarak sorumlu egemenlik kavramında özetlenen, mevcut dünya düzeninin Birleşmiş Milletler Şartı tarafından somutlaştırılan ilkelerine dayandığını varsaymaktadır. Bu nedenle koruma sorumluluğu ve insan güvenliği, uluslararası ilişkilerde insanlığın menfaatlerinin daha iyi değerlendirilmesi yönünde verdikleri ve tutulmuş görünen tüm sözlerin ötesinde -ne eksik ne fazla- Birleşmiş Milletler Şartı tarafından garanti edilen hususların sadece (yeniden) ifadeleridir. Bu kavramların objektif özleri, Birleşmiş Milletler içindeki anlamlarının siyasi doğasını açığa çıkararak, bir bakıma belirsizliğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Uluslararası Hukuk, Koruma Sorumluluğu, Insan Güvenliği, Birleşmiş Milletler, Sorumlu Egemenlik

The Concepts of the Responsibility to Protect and Human Security within the United Nations: Return on the Meanings

Abstract

Since their emergence, the concepts of the responsibility to protect and human security have been subject to a particular thinking and practical attention of the whole international community. The United Nations, which is the epicenter of this phenomenon, had inescapably to take an official position on the meanings of these concepts. This paper revisits the sense of these meanings and mainly based on the normative production of the United Nations and General Assembly, it postulates that they rest only on the principles of the current world order embodied by the United Nations Charter, summing up in the responsible sovereignty, as the condition for international stability. Thus, beyond all the promises they seemed to bear in favor of a better consideration of human beings’ interests in international affairs, the responsibility of protect and human security are just (re)expressions of the state of affairs guaranteed by the United Nations Charter, no more, no less. Comparatively, the objective substances of these concepts, by unveiling the political nature of their meanings within the United Nations, show their ambiguity.

Keywords

International Law, Responsibility to Protect, Human Security, United Nations, Responsible Sovereignty

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