Pandemi Sonrası Toplumda Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlüğün Psikolojik Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 35, 47 - 64, 01.01.2023

Banu Sayıner

https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1188128

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Hayatımızın özellikle son iki yılı bir virüsün etkisi altında geçmiştir. Bu virüsün hızlı yayılması ile tüm dünyada "pandemi" dönemi oluşmuştur. Ölüm vakalarının görülmesi sonucu karantina ve izolasyon süreçleri yaşanmıştır. Pandeminin başladığı günden bugüne kadar ölen kişi sayısının çok yüksek olduğu açıklanmıştır. İnsanlık birçok alanda ilerleme göstermesine rağmen hastalık ve salgın karşısında çaresiz kalmaktadır. Bu salgın durumu toplumu birçok yönden olumsuz etkilemektedir. Pandemi'nin meydana getirdiği olumsuzluklardan biri de belirsizlik kavramıdır. Kişiler yaşamlarına yönelik belirsiz durumlardan etkilenerek, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük göstermektedir. Belirsizliğin yarattığı durumlara yönelik olarak oluşan duygusal, bilişsel ve davranışsal tepkiler belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük olarak açıklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Pandemi sürecindeki belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün pandemi sonrasında da psikolojik etkilerinin toplumdaki olumsuz yansımaları vurgulanarak, müdahale programlarının önemine dikkat çekilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

COVID-19, Post-pandemi, Belirsizlik, Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük, Toplum

Psychological Effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Post-pandemic Society

Abstract

Especially last two years of our lives have passed under the influence of a virus. With the rapid spread of this virus, a pandemic period has occured all over the world. As a result of death cases, quarantine and isolation perocesses were experienced. It has been announced that the number of people who have died since the begining of the pandemic has been very high. Although humanity has made progress in many areas, it remains helpless in the face of disease and epidemic. This epidemic situation affects the society negatively in many ways. One of the negative aspects of the pandemic is the concept of uncertainty. People are affected by uncertain situations in their lives and show intolerance on uncertainty. Emotional, cognitive and behavioral reactions to situations created by uncertainty are explained as intolerance of uncertainty. In this study, it is aimed to draw attention to the importance of intervention programs by emphasizing the negative reflections of the psychological effects of intolerance of uncertainty in the pandemic process on the society after the pandemic.

Keywords

COVID-19, Post-pandemic, Uncertainty, Intolerance of Uncertainty, Society

References

• Aydın, Adeviye ve Berna Ersoy Özcan. "Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarında Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük, Ruminatif Düşünme Biçimi ve Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeyleri". Cukurova Medical Journal, 46/3 (2021): 1191-1200.
• Boelen, Paul A. ve Albert Reijntjes. "Intolerance of Uncertainty and Social Anxiety". Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23 (2009): s.130-135.
• Boysan, Murat, Mustafa Eşkisu ve Zekeriya Çam. "Relationships between Fear of COVID-19, Cyberchondria, Intolerance of Uncertainty, and Obsessional Probabilistic Inferences: A Structural Equation Model". Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, (2022): 1-10.
• Buhr, Kristin ve Michel J. Dugas. "The Role of Fear of Anxiety and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Worry: An Experimental Manipulation". Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47/3 (2009): 215–223.
• Bulut, Meryem Berrin. "Relationship between COVID‑19 Anxiety and Fear of Death: The Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty among a Turkish Sample". Current Psychology, (2022): 1-10.
• Carnahan, Nicolette D., Michele M. Carter ve Tracy Sbrocco. "Intolerance of Uncertainty, Looming Cognitive Style, and Avoidant Coping as Predictors of Anxiety and Depression During COVID‑19: A Longitudinal Study". International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 15/1 (2022): 1–19.
• Çelik, Eyüp, Eda Biçener, Ümit Bayın ve Erol Uğur. "Mediation Role of Anxiety Sensitivity on the Relationships between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Fear of COVID-19". Annals of Psychology, 38/1 (2022): 1-6.
• Deniz, Mehmet Engin. "Self-compassion, Intolerance of Uncertainty, Fear of COVID-19, and Well-being: A Serial Mediation Investigation". Personality and Individual Differences, 177 (2021): 1-6.
• Ersöz, Filiz, Taner Ersöz ve Özlem Konuşkan. "Belirsizlikle Başa Çıkmada Etkili Olan Kriterlerin Araştırılması: Bir Üniversite Uygulaması". Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25/3 (2016): 215-232.
• Freeston, Mark, Ashley Tiplady, Lauren Mawn, Gioia Bottesi ve Sarah Thwaites. "Towards a Model of Uncertainty Distress in the Context of Coronavirus (COVID-19)". The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 13(2020): 1-15.
• Geçgin, Filiz Mine ve Ümit Sahranç. "Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük ile Psikolojik İyi Oluş Arasındaki İlişki". Sakarya University Journal of Education, 7 (4-özel sayı) (2017): 739-755.
• Graffeo, Maria Teresa, Gaia Albano, Laura Salerno, Maria Di Blasi ve Gianluca Lo Coco. "Intolerance of Uncertainty and Risk Perception during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Fear of COVID-19". Psych, 4 (2022): 269-276.
• Huremović, Damir. "Social Distancing, Quarantine, and Isolation". Psychiatry of Pandemics A Mental Health Response to Infection Outbreak. Haz., Damir Huremović. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2019.
• Kareem, Jacqueline, Shinto Thomas, Aneesh Kumar P. ve Meera Neelakantan. "The Role of Classroom Engagement on Academic Grit, Intolerance to Uncertainty and Well-being among School Students during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India". Psychology in the Schools, 2022: 1–15.
• Keleşoğlu, Fikri ve Fatıma Firdevs Adam Karduz. "COVID-19 Sürecinde Bireylerin Kişilerarası Duygu Düzenleme Stratejileri ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Üzerine Bir Araştırma". Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 11/2 (2022): 321-336.
• Klenk, Michael ve Ibo Van de Poel. "COVID‑19, Uncertainty, and Moral Experiments". History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 43/8 (2021): 1-5.
• Korkman, Hamdi ve Tuğba Seda Çolak. "Investigation of the Relationship between COVID-19 Fear and Intolerance of Uncertainty and Generalized Anxiety Disorders". International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 8/1 (2021): 418-431.
• Ladouceur, Robert, Patrick Gosselin ve Michel J. Dugas. "Experimental Manipulation of Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Study of a Theoretical Model of Worry". Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38 (2000): 933-941.
• Marin Chollom, Amanda M. ve Aliza A. Panjwani. "Relationships between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Worry, Rumination, and Distress in College Students During the Coronavirus Pandemic: The Role of COVID‑19 Threat Appraisals". International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, (2022): 1-10.
• Odacı, Hatice, Feridun Kaya ve Fatih Aydın. "Does Educational Stress Mediate the Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Academic Life Satisfaction in Teenagers during the COVID-19 Pandemic?". Psychology in the Schools, (2022): 1-18.
• Parlapani, Eleni, Vasiliki Holeva, Vasiliki A. Nikopoulou, Konstantinos Sereslis, Maria Athanasiadou, Athanasios Godosidis, Theano Stephanou ve Ioannis Diakogiannis. "Intolerance of Uncertainty and Loneliness in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11 (2020): 1-12.
• Reizer, Abira, Bella L. Galperin, Meena Chavan, Abhishek Behl ve Vijay Pereira. "Examining the Relationship between Fear of COVID-19, Intolerance for Uncertainty, and Cyberloafing: A Mediational Model". Journal of Business Research, 145 (2022): 660-670.
• Reizer, Abira, Lilach Geffen ve Meni Koslowsky. "Life Under the COVID-19 Lockdown: On the Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Psychological Distress". Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 13/4 (2021): 432-437.
• Satici, Begum, Mehmet Saricali, Seydi Ahmet Satici ve Mark D. Griffiths. "Intolerance of Uncertainty and Mental Wellbeing: Serial Mediation by Rumination and Fear of COVID-19". International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, (2020): 1-12.
• Sayıner, Banu. "Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük İle İlgili Yapılmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi". Güncel Psikoloji ve Sosyoloji Araştırmaları II. Der., Cahit Aslan ve İsmail Sanberk. Ankara: Akademisyen Yayınevi-AYBAK, 2022.
• Sbrilli, Marissa D., Katherine Haigler ve Heidemarie K. Laurent. "The Indirect Effect of Parental Intolerance of Uncertainty on Perinatal Mental Health via Mindfulness During COVID‑19". Mindfulness, 12/8 (2021): 1999-2008.
• Sevari, Karim. "The Role of Positivism and Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Students’ Fear of Covid-19". Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, 4/1 (2021): 19-28.
• T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Genel Bilgiler, Epidemiyoloji ve Tanı. Elektronik kitap: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, 2020. http://www.covid19.saglik.gov.tr.
• Yuniardi, Muhamad Salis, Matthew Cant ve Hanif Akhtar. "Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety and Depression in the Context of COVID-19 in Indonesia". Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 21/2 (2021): 37-60.