Referential Value of Ḥadīth Transmitter Criticism in the 2nd / 8th Century: The Case of Shuʿbah ibn al-Ḥajjāj

Abstract

Criticism of ḥadīth transmitters is established as a scientific field for ḥadīths in the second quarter of the 8th century (2nd century AH). Research is required to determine how acquisitions of discrediting and commendation (al-jarḥ wa-l-taʿdīl) were evaluated within the scope of transmitter criticism in the wake of the 2nd/8th century. It is important to identify how the principles and assessments of transmitter criticism, as determined during the establishment period, were perceived in the following era to monitor the progress of discipline of transmitter criticism over time. This paper examines the study of transmitter criticism based on Shuʿbah ibn al-Ḥajjāj, the founder of the discipline, and presents certain findings through a comparison between transmitter assessments by Shuʿbah with conclusions on discrediting and commendation and twelve critics who lived in the 3rd/9th century. Consequently, assessments on transmitters during and after the 3rd/9th century appear to be substantially coherent with those by Shuʿbah.

Keywords

• Ḥadīth criticism
• transmitter criticism
• discrediting (al-jarḥ)
• commendation (al-taʿdīl)
• Shuʿbah ibn al-Ḥajjāj

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