Mikrokredilerin Marko Ekonomik Etkileri: Türkiye ve Dünyadaki Çalışmaların Katkısı Üzerine Bir Literatür Araştırması

Abstract

Profesör Muhammed Yunus’a Nobel Ödülü verildikten sonra, mikrokredi uygulamaları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar hızla artmaya başlamıştır. İlgili yazında, bu kapsamda özellikle azgelişmiş ülkelere yönelik gerçekleştirilen birçok başarılı ve başarısız mikrokredi uygulaması söz konusudur. Bu çalışmaların birçoğunda, dünya çapında mikrokredilerin yoksulluğu azaltması ve ekonomiye katkıları sorgulanmıştır. Bu tartışmalar halen de devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç, genelde dünya’da özelde ise Türkiye’de mikrokredi çalışmalarının gözden geçirilmesi ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Mikrokredinin istihdam, yoksulluk, gelir dağılımı ve ekonomik büyümeye etkileri ele alınmış, Türkiye’de son on yıllık süreçte mikrokredi üzerine yapılan çalışmalara dair bir çerçeve oluşturularak, ileriye yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Mikrokredi, Makro Ekonomi, Ekonomik Büyüme

Abstract

Microcredit programs swiftly have sustained to develop in practice and reputation after Professor M. Yunus awarded by Nobel Price. In the literature there are various studies that determine the great successes of microcredit applications particularly in less developed part of the world, besides there are many example of unsuccesfull tries. In most of these studies, it has been disputed that the worldwide microcredit alleviates poverty and contributes to the economy. The aim of this paper is to review the microcredit researches in the world, especially in Turkey, and evaluate the results. The effects of microcredit on employment, poverty, income distribution and economic growth have been analyzed by examining the aplications in Turkey in the last decade. Finally, projections and suggestions are made.

Keywords

• Microcredit, Macroeconomic, Economic Growth

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