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İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı

Year 2012, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 29 - 46, 01.12.2012

Abstract

Psikolojik kuramlar ve araştırmalar, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği alanına önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Atıf kuramı işçilerin, yöneticilerin, uzmanların iş kazalarını hangi faktörlere atfettiklerini incelemekte kullanılmaktadır. İşçiler, yöneticiler ve uzmanlar kazalara yönelik kişisel (içsel) ve kişidışı (dışsal) nedenlere atıflar yapabilmektedir. Bu atıfları etkileyen; sebebin kalıcılığı, sebebin kontrol edilebilmesi gibi boyutlar bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca işçiler bu boyutları değerlendirerek, kaza sonrası tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemektedir. Bazı durumlarda ise, yöneticiler ve iş arkadaşları tarafından iş kazasının sorumluluğu işçinin kendisine veya durumsal faktörlere yüklenebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, atıf kuramı işçilerin güvenlik davranışlarının anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır.

References

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  • tanbul:Alfa Yayınları.
  • Bilgin, Nuri (2003), Sosyal Psikoloji Sözlüğü: Kavramlar, Yaklaşımlar, İstanbul: Bağ- lam Yayınları.
  • Brewin, C. R. (1984), Attributions for indus- trial accidents: Their relationship to re- habilitation outcome, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 2, No. 2, 156-164.
  • Demirbilek, Tunç (2005), İş Güvenliği Kül- türü, İzmir:Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İİBF Yayını.
  • Demirbilek, Tunç ve Çakır, Özlem (2008), Kişisel Koruyucu Donanım Kullanımını Etkileyen Bireysel ve Örgütsel Değiş- kenler, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İkti- sadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt:23 Sayı:2, Yıl:2008, ss:173-191.
  • Geller, Scott (2001), The psychology of safety handbook, New York:Lewis Publishers.
  • Gherardi, S., Nicolini, D. ve Odella, F. (1998), What do you mean by safety? Conflic- ting perspectives on accident causation and safety management in a construc- tion firm, Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 6, 202–212.
  • Glendon, A. Ian, G. Clarke, Sharon ve McKenna, Eugene (2006), Human sa- fety and risk management, New York: Taylor&Francis.
  • Goncalves, S. M., Agostinho da Siva, S., Lima, M., ve Melia, J. (2008), The impact of work accidents experience on causal attributions and worker behaviour, Sa- fety Science, 46, 992–1001.
  • Gyekye, A. S. (2001), The self-defensive att- ribution theory revisited: A culture- comparative analysis between Finland and Ghana in the work environment. Helsinki, Finland: Helsingin Yliopisto Paino.
  • Gyekye, A. S. ve Salminen, S. (2007), Religi- ous beliefs and workers’ responsibility attributions for industrial accidents. Jo- urnal for the Study of Religion, 20,73– 86.
  • Gyekye, S. Ayim (2010), Occupational safety management: The role of causal attri- bution, International Journal of Psycho- logy, 45:6, 405-416.
  • Gyekye, Seth Ayim (2005), Workers’ Percep- tions of Workplace Safety and Job Sa- tisfaction, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, Vol. 11, No. 3, 291–302.
  • Gyekye, Seth Ayim (2006), Causal attributi- ons for industrial accidents: A culture- comparative analysis, Journal of Intercultural Communications, 11, 2.
  • Hahn Susan E. ve Murphy, Lawrence R. (2008), A short scale for measuring sa- fety climate, Safety Science, 46,1047– 1066.
  • Hasle, P., Kines, P. ve Andersen, L. P. (2009), Small enterprise owners’ accident cau- sation attribution and prevention, Sa- fety Science, 47, 9–19.
  • Håvold, Jon Ivar (2007), National cultures and safety orientation: A study of sea- farers working for Norwegian shipping companies, Work & Stress, 21:2, 173- 195.
  • Hofmann, D. ve Stetzer, A. (1998), The role of safety climate and communication in accident interpretation: Implications for learning from negative events, Aca- demy of Management Journal, 41, 644– 657.
  • Kağıçıbaşı, Çiğdem (2004), Yeni İnsan ve İn- sanlar, İstanbul: Evrim Yayınları.
  • Kouabenan, D. R., Gilbert, D., Mendina, M., ve Bouzon, F. (2001), Hierarchical posi- tion, gender, accident severity, and cau- sal attribution, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 553–575.
  • Liden, R., Stilwell, D. ve Ferris, G. (1996), The effects of supervisor and subordi- nate age on objective performance and subjective performance ratings, Human Relations, 48, 327–336.
  • Lingard, Helen ve Rowlinson, Steve (2005), Occupational Health and Safety in Construction Project Management, New York:Spon Press.
  • Manstead, Antony ve Hewstone Miles (1999), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, Blacwell Publishing.
  • McSween, Terry E. (2003), Value-based sa- fety process: Improving your safety cul- ture with behavior-based safety, New Jersey: John Wiley.
  • Niza, C., Sila, S., ve Lima, M. L. (2008), Oc- cupational accident experience: Asso- ciation explanations and definition, Safety Sci- ence, 46, 959–971. accident
  • Rogers W., Stainton (2003), Social Psycho- logy: Experimental and Critical Appro- aches, Philadelphia: Open University Press.
  • Rusch, Mark D., Dzwierzynski, William W., Sanger, James R , Pruit, Nathan T. ve Siewert, Andrea D. (2003), Return to work outcomes after work-related hand trauma: the role of causal attributions, Journal of Hand Surgery, Volume 28, Issue 4 ,673-677.
  • Whittingham, Robert B. (2008), The blame machine:why human error causes acci- dents, London:Elsevier.

A Psychological Approach to Occupational Health and Safety: Attribution Theory

Year 2012, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 29 - 46, 01.12.2012

Abstract

Psychological theories and researches have important contributions to occupational health and safety. The attribution theory is used for to investigate to which factors the occupational accidents are attributed by workers, managers and experts. Workers, managers and experts can make attributions to the individual (internal) and impersonal (external) causes. There is some dimensions that effects this attributions as causal stability and causal controllability. Evaluating these dimensions, workers determines their after accident attitude and behaviors. In some cases, responsibility of occupational accident can be ascribed to workers by their managers and co-workers. Thus, the attribution theory provides to understand the safety behaviors of workers.

References

  • Arkonaç, Sibel (2005), Sosyal Psikoloji, İs
  • tanbul:Alfa Yayınları.
  • Bilgin, Nuri (2003), Sosyal Psikoloji Sözlüğü: Kavramlar, Yaklaşımlar, İstanbul: Bağ- lam Yayınları.
  • Brewin, C. R. (1984), Attributions for indus- trial accidents: Their relationship to re- habilitation outcome, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 2, No. 2, 156-164.
  • Demirbilek, Tunç (2005), İş Güvenliği Kül- türü, İzmir:Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İİBF Yayını.
  • Demirbilek, Tunç ve Çakır, Özlem (2008), Kişisel Koruyucu Donanım Kullanımını Etkileyen Bireysel ve Örgütsel Değiş- kenler, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İkti- sadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt:23 Sayı:2, Yıl:2008, ss:173-191.
  • Geller, Scott (2001), The psychology of safety handbook, New York:Lewis Publishers.
  • Gherardi, S., Nicolini, D. ve Odella, F. (1998), What do you mean by safety? Conflic- ting perspectives on accident causation and safety management in a construc- tion firm, Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 6, 202–212.
  • Glendon, A. Ian, G. Clarke, Sharon ve McKenna, Eugene (2006), Human sa- fety and risk management, New York: Taylor&Francis.
  • Goncalves, S. M., Agostinho da Siva, S., Lima, M., ve Melia, J. (2008), The impact of work accidents experience on causal attributions and worker behaviour, Sa- fety Science, 46, 992–1001.
  • Gyekye, A. S. (2001), The self-defensive att- ribution theory revisited: A culture- comparative analysis between Finland and Ghana in the work environment. Helsinki, Finland: Helsingin Yliopisto Paino.
  • Gyekye, A. S. ve Salminen, S. (2007), Religi- ous beliefs and workers’ responsibility attributions for industrial accidents. Jo- urnal for the Study of Religion, 20,73– 86.
  • Gyekye, S. Ayim (2010), Occupational safety management: The role of causal attri- bution, International Journal of Psycho- logy, 45:6, 405-416.
  • Gyekye, Seth Ayim (2005), Workers’ Percep- tions of Workplace Safety and Job Sa- tisfaction, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, Vol. 11, No. 3, 291–302.
  • Gyekye, Seth Ayim (2006), Causal attributi- ons for industrial accidents: A culture- comparative analysis, Journal of Intercultural Communications, 11, 2.
  • Hahn Susan E. ve Murphy, Lawrence R. (2008), A short scale for measuring sa- fety climate, Safety Science, 46,1047– 1066.
  • Hasle, P., Kines, P. ve Andersen, L. P. (2009), Small enterprise owners’ accident cau- sation attribution and prevention, Sa- fety Science, 47, 9–19.
  • Håvold, Jon Ivar (2007), National cultures and safety orientation: A study of sea- farers working for Norwegian shipping companies, Work & Stress, 21:2, 173- 195.
  • Hofmann, D. ve Stetzer, A. (1998), The role of safety climate and communication in accident interpretation: Implications for learning from negative events, Aca- demy of Management Journal, 41, 644– 657.
  • Kağıçıbaşı, Çiğdem (2004), Yeni İnsan ve İn- sanlar, İstanbul: Evrim Yayınları.
  • Kouabenan, D. R., Gilbert, D., Mendina, M., ve Bouzon, F. (2001), Hierarchical posi- tion, gender, accident severity, and cau- sal attribution, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 553–575.
  • Liden, R., Stilwell, D. ve Ferris, G. (1996), The effects of supervisor and subordi- nate age on objective performance and subjective performance ratings, Human Relations, 48, 327–336.
  • Lingard, Helen ve Rowlinson, Steve (2005), Occupational Health and Safety in Construction Project Management, New York:Spon Press.
  • Manstead, Antony ve Hewstone Miles (1999), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, Blacwell Publishing.
  • McSween, Terry E. (2003), Value-based sa- fety process: Improving your safety cul- ture with behavior-based safety, New Jersey: John Wiley.
  • Niza, C., Sila, S., ve Lima, M. L. (2008), Oc- cupational accident experience: Asso- ciation explanations and definition, Safety Sci- ence, 46, 959–971. accident
  • Rogers W., Stainton (2003), Social Psycho- logy: Experimental and Critical Appro- aches, Philadelphia: Open University Press.
  • Rusch, Mark D., Dzwierzynski, William W., Sanger, James R , Pruit, Nathan T. ve Siewert, Andrea D. (2003), Return to work outcomes after work-related hand trauma: the role of causal attributions, Journal of Hand Surgery, Volume 28, Issue 4 ,673-677.
  • Whittingham, Robert B. (2008), The blame machine:why human error causes acci- dents, London:Elsevier.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA23DN87ZC
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yrd.Doç.Dr. Barış Seçer This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Seçer, Y. B. (2012). İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 14(4), 29-46.
AMA Seçer YB. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı. isguc. December 2012;14(4):29-46.
Chicago Seçer, Yrd.Doç.Dr. Barış. “İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 14, no. 4 (December 2012): 29-46.
EndNote Seçer YB (December 1, 2012) İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 14 4 29–46.
IEEE Y. B. Seçer, “İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı”, isguc, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 29–46, 2012.
ISNAD Seçer, Yrd.Doç.Dr. Barış. “İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 14/4 (December 2012), 29-46.
JAMA Seçer YB. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı. isguc. 2012;14:29–46.
MLA Seçer, Yrd.Doç.Dr. Barış. “İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, vol. 14, no. 4, 2012, pp. 29-46.
Vancouver Seçer YB. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinde Psikolojik Bir Yaklaşım: Atıf Kuramı. isguc. 2012;14(4):29-46.