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Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises

Year 2010, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 45 - 58, 01.03.2010

Abstract

Globalleşmedeki artış işletmeler arası ilişkilerde dönüşüme ve özellikle uluslararası alanda varlık gösterme çabası içerisindeki küçük ve orta boy işletmeler (KOBİ’ler) olmak üzere bütün işletmeler tarafından şebeke organizasyon yapısının kullanımında artışa yol açmıştır. İşletme şebekeleri, yabancı pazarlara hızlı girişi kolaylaştırdıklarından KOBİ’lerin uluslararasılaşma sürecinde büyük önem taşımaktadırlar. Bu derece önemli olmalarına karşın uluslararasılaşma süreçleri KOBİ’lerden ziyade büyük ölçüde çokuluslu işletmeler üzerine araştırılmıştır (Jansson ve Sandberg, 2008). Bu doğrultuda, çalışmanın temel amacı, KOBİ’lerin uluslararasılaşma stratejisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma, KOBİ’lerin özellikleri, KOBİ’lerin uluslarasılaşmasındaki motivasyonlar, aşamalar, avantaj ve dezavantajlar, KOBİ’lerde şebeke yaklaşımı ile avantaj ve dezavantajları ve KOBİ’lerin sahip veya yöneticilerine yabancı pazara başarılı giriş süreçleri konusunda şebekeleşme bağlamında önerilerde bulunma üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır.

References

  • Bell, J. (1995), The Internationalization of Small Computer Software Firms—A Further Chal- lenge to Stage Theories, European Journal of Marketing, 29: 8, pp.60–75.
  • Bougrain, Frédéric and Haudeville, Bernard (2002), Innovation, Collaboration and SMEs Internal Research Capacities, Research Po- licy, 31, pp.735–747.
  • Bradley, Frank, Meyer, Ralf and Gao, Yuhui (2006), Use of Supplier-Customer Relations- hips by SMEs to Enter Foreign Markets, In- dustrial Marketing Management, 35, pp.652–665.
  • Cheng, Hsiang-Lin and Yu, Chow-Ming Joseph (2008), Institutional Pressures and Initiation of Internationalization: Evidence from Tai- wanese Small- and Medium-Sized Enterpri- ses, International Business Review, 17, pp.331–348.
  • Chetty, S. and Holm, D.B. (2000), Internationali- zation of Small to Medium-Sized Manufac- turing Firms: A Network Approach, International Business Review, 9: 1, pp.77– 93.
  • Dollinger, Marc J. (1995), Entrepreneurship: Stra- tegies and Resources. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin, pp.148–149.
  • Fink, Matthias, Harms, Rainer and Kraus, Sascha (2008), Cooperative Internationalization of SMEs: Self-Commitment as a Success Factor for International Entrepreneurship, Euro- pean Management Journal, Article In Press.
  • Gilmore, Audrey, Carson, David and Rocks, Steve (2006), Networking in SMEs: Evaluating Its Contribution to Marketing Activity, Interna- tional Business Review, 15, pp.278–293.
  • Gils, Anita Van and Zwart, Peter (2004), Know- ledge Acquisition and Learning in Dutch and Belgian SMEs: The Role of Strategic Al- liances, European Management Journal, 22: 6, pp.685–692.
  • Hammami, A., Burlat, P. and Campagne, J.P. (2003), Evaluating Orders Allocation within Networks of Firms, International Journal of Production Economics, 86, pp.233–249.
  • Jansson, Hans and Sandberg, Susanne (2008), In- ternationalization of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the Baltic Sea Region, Jo- urnal of International Management, 14, pp.65–77.
  • Kearney, Steeve and Abdul-Nour, Georges (2004), SME and Quality Performance in Networ- king Environment, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 46, pp.905–909.
  • Lee, Cheng-Wen (2007), Strategic Alliances Influ- ence on Small and Medium Firm Perfor- mance, Journal of Business Research, 60, pp.731–741.
  • Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun and Zhang, Jing (2005), Chan- ging Structures of SME Networks: Lessons from the Publishing Industry in Taiwan, Long Range Planning, 38, pp.145–162.
  • Lu, Jane W. and Beamish, Paul W. (2006), Partne- ring Strategies and Performance of SMEs’ In- ternational Joint Ventures, Journal of Business Venturing, 21, pp.461–486.
  • Lu, Jane W. and Beamish, Paul W. (2001), The In- ternationalization and Performance of SMEs, Strategic Management Journal, 22: 6/7, pp.565–586.
  • Major, E.J. and Cordey-Hayes, M. (2000), Enga- ging the Business Support Network to Give SMEs the Benefit of Foresight, Technovation, 20, pp.589–602.
  • Mallidi, K., Paraskevopoulos, A.T. and Paganelli, P. (1999), Process Modelling in Small–Me- dium Enterprise Networks, Computers in Industry, 38, pp.149–158.
  • Mezgar, Istvan, Kovacs, György L. and Paganelli, Paolo (2000), Co-operative Production Plan- ning for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterpri- ses, International Journal of Production Economics, 64, p.37–48.
  • Moore, Samuel B. and Manring, Susan L. (2009), Strategy Development in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises for Sustainability and In- creased Value Creation, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, pp.276–282.
  • Narula, Rajneesh (2004), R&D Collaboration by SMEs: New Opportunities and Limitations in the Face of Globalization, Technovation, 24, pp.153–161.
  • Ojala, Arto (2008), Entry in a Psychically Distant Market: Finnish Small- and Medium-Sized Software Firms in Japan, European Manage- ment Journal, 26, pp.135–144.
  • Pangarkar, Nitin (2008), Internationalization and Performance of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Journal of World Business, 43, pp.475–485.
  • Raymond, Louis and Blili, Samir (1997), Adopting EDI in a Network Enterprise: The Case of Subcontracting SMEs, European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 3: 3, pp.165–175.
  • Rowden, Robert W. (2001), Research Note: How a Small Business Enters the International Mar- ket, Thunderbird International Business Re- view, 43: 2, pp.257–268.
  • Saarenketo, Sami, Puumalainen, Kaisu, Kyla- heiko, Kalevi and Kuivalainen, Olli (2008), Linking Knowledge and Internationalization in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the ICT Sector, Technovation, 28, pp.591– 601.
  • Saarenketo, Sami, Puumalainen, Kaisu, Kuivalai- nen, Olli and Kylaheiko, Kalevi (2004), Dynamic Knowledge-Related Learning Pro- cesses in Internationalizing High-Tech SMEs, International Journal of Production Economics, 89, pp.363–378.
  • Spence, Martine M., Manning, Linda M. and Crick, Dave (2008), An Investigation into the Use of Collaborative Ventures in the Inter- nationalization of High Performing Cana- dian SMEs, European Management Journal, Article In Press.
  • Welch, L.S. and Luostarinen, R. (1988), Internatio- nalization: Evolution of a Concept, Journal of General Management, 34: 2, pp.34–57.
  • Westhead, Paul, Wright, Mike and Ucbasaran, Deniz (2001), The Internationalization of New and Small Firms: A Resource-Based View, Journal of Business Venturing, 16, pp.333–

Küçük ve Orta Boy İşletmelerde Uluslararasılaşma Stratejisi Olarak Şebekeleşme

Year 2010, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 45 - 58, 01.03.2010

Abstract

Increase in globalization has led to the transformation of the relationships between firms and growing use of network form of organization by all firms especially small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are striving to have an international presence. Business networks are of even greater importance for internationalization process of SMEs, since they simplify entering into foreign markets rapidly. In contrast to their importance, internationalization processes have mainly been studied for MNCs but less for SMEs (Jansson and Sandberg, 2008). In this direction, the main purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of the internationalization strategy of SMEs. In the direction of this purpose, this study focuses on providing information on the characteristics of SMEs, motivations, stages, advantages and disadvantages of SMEs’ internationalization, network approach in SMEs with the advantages and disadvantages and making suggestions for owner/managers of SMEs to develop successful foreign market entry process in relation to networking.

References

  • Bell, J. (1995), The Internationalization of Small Computer Software Firms—A Further Chal- lenge to Stage Theories, European Journal of Marketing, 29: 8, pp.60–75.
  • Bougrain, Frédéric and Haudeville, Bernard (2002), Innovation, Collaboration and SMEs Internal Research Capacities, Research Po- licy, 31, pp.735–747.
  • Bradley, Frank, Meyer, Ralf and Gao, Yuhui (2006), Use of Supplier-Customer Relations- hips by SMEs to Enter Foreign Markets, In- dustrial Marketing Management, 35, pp.652–665.
  • Cheng, Hsiang-Lin and Yu, Chow-Ming Joseph (2008), Institutional Pressures and Initiation of Internationalization: Evidence from Tai- wanese Small- and Medium-Sized Enterpri- ses, International Business Review, 17, pp.331–348.
  • Chetty, S. and Holm, D.B. (2000), Internationali- zation of Small to Medium-Sized Manufac- turing Firms: A Network Approach, International Business Review, 9: 1, pp.77– 93.
  • Dollinger, Marc J. (1995), Entrepreneurship: Stra- tegies and Resources. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin, pp.148–149.
  • Fink, Matthias, Harms, Rainer and Kraus, Sascha (2008), Cooperative Internationalization of SMEs: Self-Commitment as a Success Factor for International Entrepreneurship, Euro- pean Management Journal, Article In Press.
  • Gilmore, Audrey, Carson, David and Rocks, Steve (2006), Networking in SMEs: Evaluating Its Contribution to Marketing Activity, Interna- tional Business Review, 15, pp.278–293.
  • Gils, Anita Van and Zwart, Peter (2004), Know- ledge Acquisition and Learning in Dutch and Belgian SMEs: The Role of Strategic Al- liances, European Management Journal, 22: 6, pp.685–692.
  • Hammami, A., Burlat, P. and Campagne, J.P. (2003), Evaluating Orders Allocation within Networks of Firms, International Journal of Production Economics, 86, pp.233–249.
  • Jansson, Hans and Sandberg, Susanne (2008), In- ternationalization of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the Baltic Sea Region, Jo- urnal of International Management, 14, pp.65–77.
  • Kearney, Steeve and Abdul-Nour, Georges (2004), SME and Quality Performance in Networ- king Environment, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 46, pp.905–909.
  • Lee, Cheng-Wen (2007), Strategic Alliances Influ- ence on Small and Medium Firm Perfor- mance, Journal of Business Research, 60, pp.731–741.
  • Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun and Zhang, Jing (2005), Chan- ging Structures of SME Networks: Lessons from the Publishing Industry in Taiwan, Long Range Planning, 38, pp.145–162.
  • Lu, Jane W. and Beamish, Paul W. (2006), Partne- ring Strategies and Performance of SMEs’ In- ternational Joint Ventures, Journal of Business Venturing, 21, pp.461–486.
  • Lu, Jane W. and Beamish, Paul W. (2001), The In- ternationalization and Performance of SMEs, Strategic Management Journal, 22: 6/7, pp.565–586.
  • Major, E.J. and Cordey-Hayes, M. (2000), Enga- ging the Business Support Network to Give SMEs the Benefit of Foresight, Technovation, 20, pp.589–602.
  • Mallidi, K., Paraskevopoulos, A.T. and Paganelli, P. (1999), Process Modelling in Small–Me- dium Enterprise Networks, Computers in Industry, 38, pp.149–158.
  • Mezgar, Istvan, Kovacs, György L. and Paganelli, Paolo (2000), Co-operative Production Plan- ning for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterpri- ses, International Journal of Production Economics, 64, p.37–48.
  • Moore, Samuel B. and Manring, Susan L. (2009), Strategy Development in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises for Sustainability and In- creased Value Creation, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, pp.276–282.
  • Narula, Rajneesh (2004), R&D Collaboration by SMEs: New Opportunities and Limitations in the Face of Globalization, Technovation, 24, pp.153–161.
  • Ojala, Arto (2008), Entry in a Psychically Distant Market: Finnish Small- and Medium-Sized Software Firms in Japan, European Manage- ment Journal, 26, pp.135–144.
  • Pangarkar, Nitin (2008), Internationalization and Performance of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Journal of World Business, 43, pp.475–485.
  • Raymond, Louis and Blili, Samir (1997), Adopting EDI in a Network Enterprise: The Case of Subcontracting SMEs, European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 3: 3, pp.165–175.
  • Rowden, Robert W. (2001), Research Note: How a Small Business Enters the International Mar- ket, Thunderbird International Business Re- view, 43: 2, pp.257–268.
  • Saarenketo, Sami, Puumalainen, Kaisu, Kyla- heiko, Kalevi and Kuivalainen, Olli (2008), Linking Knowledge and Internationalization in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the ICT Sector, Technovation, 28, pp.591– 601.
  • Saarenketo, Sami, Puumalainen, Kaisu, Kuivalai- nen, Olli and Kylaheiko, Kalevi (2004), Dynamic Knowledge-Related Learning Pro- cesses in Internationalizing High-Tech SMEs, International Journal of Production Economics, 89, pp.363–378.
  • Spence, Martine M., Manning, Linda M. and Crick, Dave (2008), An Investigation into the Use of Collaborative Ventures in the Inter- nationalization of High Performing Cana- dian SMEs, European Management Journal, Article In Press.
  • Welch, L.S. and Luostarinen, R. (1988), Internatio- nalization: Evolution of a Concept, Journal of General Management, 34: 2, pp.34–57.
  • Westhead, Paul, Wright, Mike and Ucbasaran, Deniz (2001), The Internationalization of New and Small Firms: A Resource-Based View, Journal of Business Venturing, 16, pp.333–
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA23GY66YR
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Assis.Prof.Dr. Fatma Nur İplik This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İplik, A. F. N. (2010). Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 12(1), 45-58.
AMA İplik AFN. Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises. isguc. March 2010;12(1):45-58.
Chicago İplik, Assis.Prof.Dr. Fatma Nur. “Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 12, no. 1 (March 2010): 45-58.
EndNote İplik AFN (March 1, 2010) Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 12 1 45–58.
IEEE A. F. N. İplik, “Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises”, isguc, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 45–58, 2010.
ISNAD İplik, Assis.Prof.Dr. Fatma Nur. “Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 12/1 (March 2010), 45-58.
JAMA İplik AFN. Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises. isguc. 2010;12:45–58.
MLA İplik, Assis.Prof.Dr. Fatma Nur. “Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, vol. 12, no. 1, 2010, pp. 45-58.
Vancouver İplik AFN. Networking As An Internationalization Strategy For Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises. isguc. 2010;12(1):45-58.