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Multiculturalism In Australia

Year 2007, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 25 - 38, 01.09.2007

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the policy of multiculturalism in Australia. In its early phase, Multiculturalism was a tool for Australia’s post-war construction needs as it allowed for governments to manage ethnic diversity. During the 1980s and 1990s, multicultural policies incorporated elements of the economic rationalist agenda and failed to tackle deep seated racism in Australia. Throughout the late 1990s and into the post 2000 period, neo- liberal agendas have dominated the Commonwealth government’s policies with Multiculturalism being weakened. Driven by the politics of exclusion, the Howard government’s policies have revived the ’new racism’ in Australia. His article will first discuss the policy of Multiculturalism in its various phases. Following this, commentary is provided on Multicultural policies. It is concluded that a more inclusive multiculturalism needs to be adopted.

References

  • Abraham, Y On the beach: Why the recent riots in Australia should surprise no one, Boston Globe: 25 December 2005, www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/12/25/on_the_beacch?mode=PF
  • Betts K. (1988) Ideology and Immigration: Australia 1976 to 1987, Melbourne University Press: Melbourne.
  • Bhabha H. (1994) The Location of Culture, Routledge: London.
  • Blainey G. (1984) All for Australia, Methuen Hayes: Sydney.
  • Blainey G. (1995) ‘New Racism Threatens Harmony of Diverse Society,’ The Weekend Australian, 8-9th April, p.33.
  • Bottomley G., de Lepervance M. & Martin J. (1991) Intersexions: Gender, Class, Culture, Ethnicity, Allen and Unwin: Sydney.
  • Castles S., Kalantzis M., Cope B., Morrisey M. (1988) Mistaken Identity: Multiculturalism and the Demise of Nationalism in Australia, Pluto Press: Sydney.
  • Collins J. (1991) Migrant Hands in a Distant Land, 2nd ed, Pluto Press: Leichhard Corlett, D (2002) Asylum Seekers and the New Racism, Dissent, No. 8, AutumnWinter, pp. 46-47
  • Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs www.immi.gov.au/multicultural/australia.index accessed 10 March 2006.
  • Dunn, K, Forrest, J, Burnley; I McDonald, A “Constructing Racism in Australia” in Australian Journal of Social Issues, Volume 39, No. 4, November 2004, pp. 409-430
  • Everingham C. (2003) Social Justice and the Politics of Community, Ashgate Publishing, pp. 95-108.
  • Freeman, P. and Jupp, J. (1999) Nations of Immigrants. Australia, The United States and International Migration, Oxford Uni Press, Melbourne.
  • Gabriel J. (1998) Whitewash: Racialized Politics and the Media, Routledge: London.
  • Hage G. (2003) Against Paranoid Nationalism, Searching for Hope in a Shrinking Society, Polity Press: Annandale Higgins. E & O’Brien. N, ‘Kid Glove Syndrome’, The Weekend Australian, 28 January 2006, www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/o,5744,217960005%255E2 , accessed 7 March 2006
  • Hollinsworth,D (1999) Race and Racsim in Australia, second edition, Social Science Press, Sydney Howie, L ‘The threat of Terrorism and Social Change’ in Human Rights Defender, AHRC, University of NSW, Special Issue, 2005.
  • Jakubowicz A. & Goodall H. (1994), Racism, Ethnicity and the Media, Allen and Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Jamrozik A., Boland C., Urquhart R. (1995) Social Change and Cultural Transformation in Australia, Cambridge University Press: New York.
  • Jayasuriya, L., (1997) Immigration and Multiculturalism in Australia: Selected Essays by Laksiri Jayasuriya, School of Social Work and Social Administration: The University of Western Australia.
  • Jayasuriya L. (2003) ‘Australian Multiculturalism: Past, Present and Future,’ paper presented at Managing Diversity Conference, 1-3 October 2003, Melbourne.
  • Jupp J., McRobbie A., & York B., (1991) Settlement Needs of Small, Newly Arrived Ethnic Groups, Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.
  • Larbalestier, J. (1999) What is this thing called White? Reflections on ‘whiteness’ and Multiculturalism” pp. 145-162 in Hage. G & Couch. R The Future of Australian Multiculturalism. Reflections on the Twentieth Anniversary of Jean Martin’s The Migrant Presence, Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sydney.
  • Manne, R (2001) The Barren Years: John Howard and Australian Political Culture, Text Publishing, Melbourne.
  • McMaster, D. (2001) Asylum Seekers: Australia’s Response to Refugees, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne.
  • Office of Multicultural Affairs (OMA) (1989) National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, AGPS: Canberra.
  • Pettman J., (1992) Living in the Margins: Racism, Sexism and Feminism in Australia, Allen & Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Poynting. S & Noble. G, Living with Racism. The experience and reporting by Arab and Muslim Australians of Discrimination, Abuse and Violence Since September 2001, Report to the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 19 April 2004, www.hreoc.gov.au/racial_discrimination/isma/research/index.html , accessed 17 February 2006
  • Smolicz. J., (1981) ‘Core Values and Cultural Identity,’ Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol 4, No 1., pp. 75-90.
  • Stokes, G. (1997) The Politics of Identity in Australia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Stratton, J (1998) Race Daze, Australia in Identity Crisis, Pluto Press, Sylvania Waters.
  • Teo.H.M (2003) Multiculturalism and the Problem of Multicultural Histories: An Overview of Ethnic Historiography in Teo.H.M & White. R (eds.) Cultural History in Australia, UNSW Press, Sydney.
  • Vasta E. & Castles S. (1996) The Teeth are Smiling; the Persistence of Racism in Multicultural Australia, Allen and Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Zubryzcki J. (1982) Multiculturalism for All Australians, AGPS: Canberra.
Year 2007, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 25 - 38, 01.09.2007

Abstract

References

  • Abraham, Y On the beach: Why the recent riots in Australia should surprise no one, Boston Globe: 25 December 2005, www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/12/25/on_the_beacch?mode=PF
  • Betts K. (1988) Ideology and Immigration: Australia 1976 to 1987, Melbourne University Press: Melbourne.
  • Bhabha H. (1994) The Location of Culture, Routledge: London.
  • Blainey G. (1984) All for Australia, Methuen Hayes: Sydney.
  • Blainey G. (1995) ‘New Racism Threatens Harmony of Diverse Society,’ The Weekend Australian, 8-9th April, p.33.
  • Bottomley G., de Lepervance M. & Martin J. (1991) Intersexions: Gender, Class, Culture, Ethnicity, Allen and Unwin: Sydney.
  • Castles S., Kalantzis M., Cope B., Morrisey M. (1988) Mistaken Identity: Multiculturalism and the Demise of Nationalism in Australia, Pluto Press: Sydney.
  • Collins J. (1991) Migrant Hands in a Distant Land, 2nd ed, Pluto Press: Leichhard Corlett, D (2002) Asylum Seekers and the New Racism, Dissent, No. 8, AutumnWinter, pp. 46-47
  • Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs www.immi.gov.au/multicultural/australia.index accessed 10 March 2006.
  • Dunn, K, Forrest, J, Burnley; I McDonald, A “Constructing Racism in Australia” in Australian Journal of Social Issues, Volume 39, No. 4, November 2004, pp. 409-430
  • Everingham C. (2003) Social Justice and the Politics of Community, Ashgate Publishing, pp. 95-108.
  • Freeman, P. and Jupp, J. (1999) Nations of Immigrants. Australia, The United States and International Migration, Oxford Uni Press, Melbourne.
  • Gabriel J. (1998) Whitewash: Racialized Politics and the Media, Routledge: London.
  • Hage G. (2003) Against Paranoid Nationalism, Searching for Hope in a Shrinking Society, Polity Press: Annandale Higgins. E & O’Brien. N, ‘Kid Glove Syndrome’, The Weekend Australian, 28 January 2006, www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/o,5744,217960005%255E2 , accessed 7 March 2006
  • Hollinsworth,D (1999) Race and Racsim in Australia, second edition, Social Science Press, Sydney Howie, L ‘The threat of Terrorism and Social Change’ in Human Rights Defender, AHRC, University of NSW, Special Issue, 2005.
  • Jakubowicz A. & Goodall H. (1994), Racism, Ethnicity and the Media, Allen and Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Jamrozik A., Boland C., Urquhart R. (1995) Social Change and Cultural Transformation in Australia, Cambridge University Press: New York.
  • Jayasuriya, L., (1997) Immigration and Multiculturalism in Australia: Selected Essays by Laksiri Jayasuriya, School of Social Work and Social Administration: The University of Western Australia.
  • Jayasuriya L. (2003) ‘Australian Multiculturalism: Past, Present and Future,’ paper presented at Managing Diversity Conference, 1-3 October 2003, Melbourne.
  • Jupp J., McRobbie A., & York B., (1991) Settlement Needs of Small, Newly Arrived Ethnic Groups, Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.
  • Larbalestier, J. (1999) What is this thing called White? Reflections on ‘whiteness’ and Multiculturalism” pp. 145-162 in Hage. G & Couch. R The Future of Australian Multiculturalism. Reflections on the Twentieth Anniversary of Jean Martin’s The Migrant Presence, Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sydney.
  • Manne, R (2001) The Barren Years: John Howard and Australian Political Culture, Text Publishing, Melbourne.
  • McMaster, D. (2001) Asylum Seekers: Australia’s Response to Refugees, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne.
  • Office of Multicultural Affairs (OMA) (1989) National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, AGPS: Canberra.
  • Pettman J., (1992) Living in the Margins: Racism, Sexism and Feminism in Australia, Allen & Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Poynting. S & Noble. G, Living with Racism. The experience and reporting by Arab and Muslim Australians of Discrimination, Abuse and Violence Since September 2001, Report to the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 19 April 2004, www.hreoc.gov.au/racial_discrimination/isma/research/index.html , accessed 17 February 2006
  • Smolicz. J., (1981) ‘Core Values and Cultural Identity,’ Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol 4, No 1., pp. 75-90.
  • Stokes, G. (1997) The Politics of Identity in Australia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Stratton, J (1998) Race Daze, Australia in Identity Crisis, Pluto Press, Sylvania Waters.
  • Teo.H.M (2003) Multiculturalism and the Problem of Multicultural Histories: An Overview of Ethnic Historiography in Teo.H.M & White. R (eds.) Cultural History in Australia, UNSW Press, Sydney.
  • Vasta E. & Castles S. (1996) The Teeth are Smiling; the Persistence of Racism in Multicultural Australia, Allen and Unwin: St Leonards.
  • Zubryzcki J. (1982) Multiculturalism for All Australians, AGPS: Canberra.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA24HS87FS
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alper Babacan This is me

Hürriyet Babacan This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2007
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Babacan, A., & Babacan, H. (2007). Multiculturalism In Australia. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 9(3), 25-38.
AMA Babacan A, Babacan H. Multiculturalism In Australia. isguc. September 2007;9(3):25-38.
Chicago Babacan, Alper, and Hürriyet Babacan. “Multiculturalism In Australia”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 9, no. 3 (September 2007): 25-38.
EndNote Babacan A, Babacan H (September 1, 2007) Multiculturalism In Australia. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 9 3 25–38.
IEEE A. Babacan and H. Babacan, “Multiculturalism In Australia”, isguc, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 25–38, 2007.
ISNAD Babacan, Alper - Babacan, Hürriyet. “Multiculturalism In Australia”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources 9/3 (September 2007), 25-38.
JAMA Babacan A, Babacan H. Multiculturalism In Australia. isguc. 2007;9:25–38.
MLA Babacan, Alper and Hürriyet Babacan. “Multiculturalism In Australia”. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, vol. 9, no. 3, 2007, pp. 25-38.
Vancouver Babacan A, Babacan H. Multiculturalism In Australia. isguc. 2007;9(3):25-38.