SOĞUK ÇALIŞMA VE RÖLANTİ KOŞULLARINDA ÖN ISITICI YÜKÜNÜN VE KONUMUNUN KATALİTİK KONVERTÖR VERİMLİLİĞİNE ETKİLERİ

Year 2021, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 239 - 247, 31.10.2021

Nureddin Dınler Fatih Aktas , Sadullah Taskın Salih Karaaslan Nuri Yucel

https://doi.org/10.47480/isibted.1025938

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Egzoz emisyonları, kentsel yaşam tarzlarını etkileyen önemli kirleticilerdir. Hem benzinli hem de dizel motorların egzoz emisyonları ile ilgili çeşitli düzenlemeler bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, egzoz hattının katalitik konvertörden önce kontrollü olarak ısıtılmasının konvertör verimine etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneyler ya kesik ya da soğuk başlangıç koşullarına göre yapılmıştır. Kesik koşullar için motor, normal ve kararlı durum çalışma koşullarına ulaşana kadar çalıştırıldı. Daha sonra, katalitik konvertör yüzey sıcaklığı ortam sıcaklığına ulaşana kadar motor durdurulmuştur. Deneylere önce ilave ısıtma yapılmadan başlanmış, daha sonra farklı ısıtma yükleri ile devam edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, soğuk çalıştırma koşulları altında katalitik konvertörün davranışı ve dönüşüm verimi incelenmiştir. Egzoz manifoldundan çıkan egzoz gazı, motorun çalıştırılmasından sonraki ilk 150 saniye boyunca farklı ısıtma yükleriyle ön ısıtmaya tabi tutulmuştur; ancak egzoz hattı motor çalıştırılmadan 15 saniye önce ısıtılmaya başlanmıştır. Elektrik dirençlerinin konumu, uzunluğu ve ısı yüklerinin katalitik konvertör davranışı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Tüm deneylerden sonra, uygun konum ve ısıtma yükleri ile, kesikli çalışma koşulları için, hidrokarbon (HC) ve karbon monoksit (CO) emisyon dönüşüm verimlerinin, motorun 50 saniye çalıştırılmasından sonra yaklaşık %100'e ulaştığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Soğuk çalıştırma koşulları için, hidrokarbon (HC) ve karbon monoksit (CO) emisyon dönüşüm verimleri sırasıyla %35 ve %80'e ulaşmıştır.

Keywords

Ön ısıtma, soğuk çalışma, emisyon, rölanti şartları, içten yanmalı motor, katalitik konvertör

EFFECTS OF PREHEATER LOAD AND LOCATION ON THE CATALYTIC CONVERTER EFFICIENCY DURING COLD START AND IDLING CONDITIONS

Abstract

Exhaust emissions are significant pollutants that affect urban lifestyles. There are several regulations related to the exhaust emissions of both gasoline and diesel engines. In this study, the effects of a controlled heating of the exhaust line before the catalytic converter on the converter efficiency are experimentally investigated. Experiments were conducted based on either discrete or cold start conditions. For discrete conditions, the engine was operated until it reached normal and steady state operating conditions. Then, the engine was stopped until the catalytic converter surface temperature reached the ambient temperature. The experiments were first started without additional heating and then continued with different heating loads. In the second stage, the catalytic converter behavior and conversion efficiency under cold start conditions were investigated. The exhaust gas after the exhaust manifold was preheated with different heating loads for the first 150 seconds after the start of the engine; however, the exhaust line was heated 15 s before starting the engine. The effects of the location, length and heat loads of the electrical resistances on the catalytic converter behavior were investigated. After all of the experiments, it was concluded that with the appropriate location and heating loads, for discrete operating conditions, the hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission conversion efficiencies reached nearly 100 % after 50 s of starting the engine. For cold start conditions, the hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission conversion efficiencies reached 35 % and 80 %, respectively.

Keywords

Preheating, cold start, emission, idle condition, internal combustion engine, catalytic converter

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