Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika’daki Askeri Davranışı Anlamak: Arap Ayaklanmaları Öncesi ve Sonrası

Abstract

Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika bölgesinde askerin davranışını anlamak, askerin tarihte ve son olaylardaki rolünü açıklayan ve aynı zamanda ilişkilendiren kapsamlı bir yaklaşımı gerektiriyor. Bu makale, Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika’da askerin tarihin farklı dönemlerinde oynadığı rolü ve son toplumsal protestolar sırasında sergilediği tutumu açıklayan kronolojik bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ordunun bu bölgedeki siyasetin her zaman önemli bir parçası olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Ordu, 2010-2011 Arap Ayaklanmalarından önce otokrat rejimlerin temel dayanağıydı. Ancak 2010-2011 Arap Ayaklanmaları sırasında bazı ülkelerde rejim karşıtı halk protestoları askerin desteğini almayı başardı. Protestolar, ordunun olaylara müdahalesinin otoriter rejimlerin sona ermesini ve kitlesel ayaklanmaların gidişatını nasıl değiştirebildiğini bir kez daha kanıtladı. Dolayısıyla Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika’da ordu siyasetin gidişatını değiştirdi, değiştirmeye devam ediyor ve muhtemelen değiştirmeye devam edecek. Ancak bu makale, askerin devletleri yöneten tek güç olduğunu iddia etmemektedir. Daha çok bu silahlı gücün, Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika’daki devletlerin ve rejimlerin çoğunu kontrol ettiğini ve şekillendirdiğini iddia etmektedir.

Keywords

• Asker Sivil İlişkileri
• Askerin Davranışı
• Orta Doğu
• Kuzey Afrika
• Arap İsyanları

Understanding the Military Behavior in the Middle East and North Africa: Before and After the Arab Uprisings

Abstract

Understanding the military behavior in the Middle East and North Africa requires a comprehensive approach that explains and also connects the history of military behavior with the recent developments within the region. That paper provides a chronological framework that explains different military behaviors in history and during the time of social upheavals in the Middle East and North Africa. This study claims that the military has always been an important part of the politics in this region. Before the 2010-2011 Arab Uprisings, the military was the mainstay of the autocratic regimes. However, during the 2010-2011 Arab Uprisings, public protests achieved to get the military support in some cases. The protests again proved how the army’s involvement shaped the course of the mass uprisings and the end of the authoritarian regimes. So, the military changed, still change, and will probably continue to change the course of the politics in the Middle East and North Africa. However, this paper does not claim that military power is the only power that rules the states alone. But rather it claims that the power controls and shapes most of the states and their regimes in the Middle East and North Africa.

Keywords

• Civil-Military Relations
• Military Behavior
• Military Behavior
• Middle East
• North Africa
• Arab Uprisings

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