ELEŞTİREL TEORİ BAĞLAMINDA KENYA’NIN KÜRESEL TERÖRLE MÜCADELESİ: EŞ-ŞEBAB ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 25, 29.06.2025

Duygu Kutlu

Abstract

Kenya'nın terörle mücadele stratejileri büyük oranda güvenlikleştirme ve militarizme dayanmış, bu da stratejilerin etkinliği ve yönetişim, insan hakları ve toplumsal uyum üzerindeki etkileri konusunda endişelere neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Eleştirel Söylem Analizi (CDA), Eleştirel Teori ve Güvenlikleştirme Teorisi kullanılarak terörle mücadele söyleminin baskıcı güvenlik önlemlerini meşrulaştırırken alternatif, toplum temelli yöntemleri nasıl bir kenara ittiği araştırılmaktadır. Çalışma, politika belgeleri, resmi raporlar ve insan hakları değerlendirmelerinin analizi yoluyla, Kenya'nın güvenlikleştirme stratejisinin Müslüman toplulukları ve Somalili mültecileri orantısız bir şekilde etkilediğini, böylece devlet otoritesini pekiştirdiğini ve toplumsal gerilimleri şiddetlendirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Hükümetin başarı iddialarına rağmen, ordu öncülüğündeki terörle mücadele girişimleri El-Şebab'ın neden olduğu tehdidi ortadan kaldırmamış ve bazı durumlarda radikalleşmeyi yoğunlaştırmıştır. Bulgular, terörle mücadele stratejilerinin meşrulaştırılmasında ve sistemik eşitsizliklerin sürdürülmesinde retoriğin önemini vurgulayarak mevcut literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, Kenya'nın terörle mücadele çerçevesinin, kalıcı güvenliğe ulaşmak için insan hakları odaklı politikalara, sosyo-ekonomik girişimlere ve toplum destekli politikalara ihtiyaç duyduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

terörle mücadele , güvenlikleştirme , Eleştirel Söylem Analizi , Eleştirel Teori , El-Şebab , insan hakları

KENYA'S FIGHT AGAINST GLOBAL TERRORISM IN THE CONTEXT OF CRITICAL THEORY: THE CASE OF AL-SHABAAB

Abstract

Kenya's counter-terrorism strategies have progressively depended on securitization and militarism, prompting apprehensions regarding their efficacy and implications for governance, human rights, and societal cohesion. This study utilizes Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), Critical Theory, and Securitization Theory to investigate how counter-terrorism discourse legitimizes oppressive security measures while sidelining alternative, community-based methods. The study, through the analysis of policy papers, official reports, and human rights evaluations, reveals that Kenya's securitized strategy disproportionately affects Muslim communities and Somali refugees, thereby consolidating state authority and exacerbating societal tensions. Notwithstanding governmental assertions of success, military-led counter-terrorism initiatives have not eradicated Al Shabaab’s violent acts, and in several instances, have intensified radicalization. The findings enhance existing literature by emphasizing the importance of rhetoric in legitimizing counter-terrorism strategies and perpetuating systemic disparities. The research indicates that Kenya's counter-terrorism framework necessitates a transition to human rights-oriented policies, socio-economic initiatives, and community involvement to attain enduring security.

Keywords

Kenya , counter-terrorism , securitization , Critical Discourse Analysis , Critical Theory , Al-Shabaab , human rights

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