DEAŞ’IN ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI VE GÜÇLENMESİNDE OBAMA’NIN ROLÜ

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 59 - 84, 22.12.2023

Mustafa Özkaya

Abstract

Ebu Musab El Zerkavi, Afganistan’da Üsame bin Ladin tarafından kurulan ve 11 Eylül Saldırılarıyla küresel bir tehdit haline gelen El Kaide kamplarında eğitim almış; 2001 yılında önce İran ve Suriye’ye, sonrasında da Irak’a geçerek 2004 yılında Irak El Kaidesi’ni ilan etmiştir. Zerkavi’nin 2006 yılında ABD hava saldırılarında öldürülmesiyle birlikte, Ebu Ömer el-Bağdadi liderliğinde El-Kaide’nin DEAŞ’a dönüşme süreci hızlanmıştır.

Makalede; bu örgütün Irak’ta ortaya çıkışı, güçlenmesi ve Suriye’ye sıçrayarak küresel tehdide dönüşmesi süreçlerinin kaçınılmaz bir durum mu, yoksa ABD politikalarının sebep olduğu vahim hataların bir sonucu mu olduğu sorgulanacaktır.
Ayrıca DEAŞ’ın, ABD’nin yanlış politikaları sonucu ortaya çıktığı önermesi dikkate alınacak olursa, buna George Bush’un müdahalesinin mi yoksa Barack Obama’nın eylemsizliğinin mi sebep olduğu veya hangisinin daha fazla sorumluluğu bulunduğu sorgulamaları da ayrıca önem arz etmektedir.

Obama’nın, ABD güçlerini Afganistan’ın aksine Irak’tan hızlıca çekme kararı, Irak’ta Maliki yönetiminin Şii mezhepçi tutumuna engel olmaması ve Suriye’de ABD’yi etkisiz aktör kılmasının DEAŞ’ın güçlenmesi ve bilhassa Suriye’de çok etkili bir güç haline gelmesindeki rolü ve Türkiye’de dolaylı olarak sebep olduğu çalkantılar, makalede tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

Obama, DEAŞ, Esed Rejimi, Suriye, Irak

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