Jordanian- Israeli Relations upon the Ending of the Contract Concerning the Areas of al-Baqura (Naharayim) and al-Ghamr (Tzofar)

Year 2021, Issue: 8, 63 - 73, 16.11.2021

Amir Shıblı Salem Al-trabeen

Abstract

History has witnessed many projects that were based on the peace agreement between Jordan and Israel. Very often there were ups and downs in an effort to reach an agreement between the two parties. There were times when Jordan did not see that Israel was fulfilling its promises toward the kingdom, and reneging on these promises from the Israeli point of view was not because of intention, but because of unforeseen elements that may have prevented them from carrying out the original agreement. This article will discuss why the original contract signed in 1994 regarding the use of the areas of al-Baqura (Naharayim) and al-Ghamr (Tzofar)was not renewed in 2019. The contract gave the right to Israeli farmers to use these lands for farming, and the contract would have been renewable every 25 years. Unfortunately, this did not take place, and the Jordanian decided to activate their authority over the land. Some observers may connect the Jordanian's refusal to regional elements like the Arab Spring or the so called American Deal of Century, but others, especially on the Israeli side, argue that the failure to renew the contract was due to the enormous public pressure that the king faced locally, bearing in mind that the majority of Jordan's inhabitants are Palestinians and his decision might have been influenced by politics rather than economics.

Keywords

Jordan Israeli Relations, Peace Agreement, Palestinians Role, Century Deal, al-Baqura (Naharayim), al-Ghamr (Tzofar)

Jordanian- Israeli Relations upon the Ending of the Contract Concerning the Areas of al-Baqura (Naharayim) and al-Ghamr (Tzofar)

Abstract

History has witnessed many projects that were based on the peace agreement between Jordan and Israel. Very often there were ups and downs in an effort to reach an agreement between the two parties. There were times when Jordan did not see that Israel was fulfilling its promises toward the kingdom, and reneging on these promises from the Israeli point of view was not because of intention, but because of unforeseen elements that may have prevented them from carrying out the original agreement. This article will discuss why the original contract signed in 1994 regarding the use of the areas of al-Baqura (Naharayim) and al-Ghamr (Tzofar)was not renewed in 2019. The contract gave the right to Israeli farmers to use these lands for farming, and the contract would have been renewable every 25 years. Unfortunately, this did not take place, and the Jordanian decided to activate their authority over the land. Some observers may connect the Jordanian's refusal to regional elements like the Arab Spring or the so called American Deal of Century, but others, especially on the Israeli side, argue that the failure to renew the contract was due to the enormous public pressure that the king faced locally, bearing in mind that the majority of Jordan's inhabitants are Palestinians and his decision might have been influenced by politics rather than economics.

Bakura (Naharayim) ve Ghamr (Tzofar) Bölgelerinin Sözleşmesinin Sona Ermesi Üzerine Ürdün-İsrail Siyasi İlişkileri
Öz: Tarih, Ürdün ile İsrail arasındaki barış anlaşmasına göre kararlaştırılan birçok projeye tanık oldu. Bazen iki taraf arasında anlaşmaya varmak için iniş çıkışlar oluyordu. Ürdün'ün İsrail'in krallığa yönelik vaatlerini yerine getirmediğini gördüğü zamanlar oldu ve bu vaatlerin yerine getirilmemesi İsrailliler tarafından yanlış anlaşılma olarak görüldü, böyle bir reddetme niyetinde oldukları için değil, ancak onları hemen yerine getirmelerini engelleyen birçok unsur vardı. Ancak bu makale, 1994 yılında imzalanan Bakura (Naharayim) ve el-Ghamr (Tzofar) alanıyla ilgili sözleşmenin 2019 yılında yenilenmemesinin nedenini tartışacaktır. Sözleşme İsrailli çiftçilere bu arazileri çiftçilik için kullanma hakkını verdi ve sözleşme her 25 yılda bir yenilenebilirdi. Ne yazık ki bu gerçekleşmedi, Ürdünlü toprak üzerindeki yetkilerini etkinleştirmeye karar verdi. Bazıları Ürdün'ün reddini Arap Baharı veya Amerikan Yüzyıl Anlaşması gibi bölgesel unsurlara bağlayabilir, ancak özellikle İsrail tarafında sözleşmenin yenilenmesi, kralın Ürdün içinde karşı karşıya olduğu muazzam kamu baskısından kaynaklanıyor olabilir, Ürdün Sakinleri Filistinliler ve kararı ekonomik olmaktan çok siyasi olarak etkilenmiş olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ürdün İsrail İlişkileri, Barış Anlaşması, Filistinlilerin Rolü, Yüzyıl Anlaşması, Bakura (Naharayim), Ghamr (Tzofar).

Keywords

Jordan Israeli Relations, Peace Agreement, Palestinians Role, Century Deal, al-Baqura (Naharayim), al-Ghamr (Tzofar)

References

• Shibli, Amir, Salem al-Trabeen. “Jordanian- Israeli Relations upon the Ending of the Contract Concerning the Areas of al-Baqura (Naharayim) and al-Ghamr (Tzofar).” Israiliyat: Journal of Israeli and Judaic Studies, no.8 (Summer 2021): 63-73.