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Savaş Kanunları Nelerdir? Nükleer Silahların Tehdit Veya Kullanım Yasallığı

Year 2016, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 63 - 77, 12.02.2016
https://doi.org/10.23834/isrjournal.251515

Abstract

Genel olarak insan
haklarına  ve savaş zamanında sivillerin
yaşam haklarına verilen artan önemle birlikte, bütün dünyayı ve içindeki tüm
canlıları nüklüer silah kullanımının yol açtığı felaket ortamından kurtarmanın
önemi sonunda anlaşılıyor. Bu çalışmanın çıkış noktası Birleşmiş Milletler
Genel Kurulu tarafından Uluslararası Adalet Divanı'na yönlendirilen
"Nüklüer silah tehdidi ya da kullanımı yasal mıdır?" sorusuna
gitmektedir. Bu açıdan, bu çalışmada katılımcı devletelerin sözlü ve yazılı
ifadeleri ile Uluslararası Adalet Divanı üyelerinin görüşlerinin araştırılması
yoluyla nüklüer silah tehdidi ya da kullanımının yasallığı analiz edilmiştir.
Sonuçta, Uluslararası Adalet Divanı belirsilikten dolayı yorum yapmayı kabul
etmemesine rağmen, nüklüer silah tehdidi ya da kullanımının aslında
uluslararası hukuka, silahlı çatışma prensiplerine ve uluslararası insan
hakları yasasının prensip ve kurallarına aykırı olduğunu kabul etmiştir.

References

  • Additional protocols I-II-III-IV, retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/vwTreaties1949.xsp
  • Antarctic Treaty (1959), retrieved from http://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/193967.htm (24.01.2016)
  • Atomic Energy Agency (1957), retrieved from https://www.iaea.org/about/about-statute (24.01.2016)
  • Biological and Toxin Weapons convention (1972), retrieved from http://www.un.org/disarmament/WMD/Bio/ (24.01.2016)
  • Chemical Weapons Convention (1993), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/553?OpenDocument (24.01.2016)
  • Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (1980), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/500?OpenDocument (24.01.2016)
  • Customary International Humanitarian Law, retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/home (24.01.2016)
  • Environmental Modification Treaty (1977), retrieved from http://www.state.gov/t/isn/4783.htm
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  • Hague Regulations (1899 and 1907), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/195 (24.01.2016)
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  • Outer Space Treaty (1967), retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/270006/Treaty_Principles_Activities_Outer_Space.pdf
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  • United Nations Conventional Weapons Convention and its Protocols (1980), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/en/document/1980-convention-certain-conventional-weapons-and-its-protocols-ratification-kit#.VKkgXWSG-rY (24.01.2016)
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What are The Laws of War? Legality of The Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons

Year 2016, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 63 - 77, 12.02.2016
https://doi.org/10.23834/isrjournal.251515

Abstract

Along with the
incremental concerns as to human rights in general and the right to life of the
civilians in war times, the vitality of taking necessary actions to save whole
planet and the livings in it from the catastrophic environment caused by
nuclear weapons use is, at last, getting understood. The origin of this study
goes back to the question "Is the threat or the use of nuclear weapon
legal" directed by
UN General Assembly to
International Court of Justice (ICJ) From this point, in this study is analyzed
the legality of the
threat and use of the nuclear weapons by searching through oral and written
statements of the participant states and points of view of the member of the
International Court of Justice. In conclusion, although ICJ declined to leave a
comment concerning the question due to the ambiguity, ICJ accepted that the threat
or use of nuclear weapons is actually contrary to the rules of international
law, armed conflict principles, and principles and rules of international
humanitarian law.

References

  • Additional protocols I-II-III-IV, retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/vwTreaties1949.xsp
  • Antarctic Treaty (1959), retrieved from http://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/193967.htm (24.01.2016)
  • Atomic Energy Agency (1957), retrieved from https://www.iaea.org/about/about-statute (24.01.2016)
  • Biological and Toxin Weapons convention (1972), retrieved from http://www.un.org/disarmament/WMD/Bio/ (24.01.2016)
  • Chemical Weapons Convention (1993), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/553?OpenDocument (24.01.2016)
  • Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (1980), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/500?OpenDocument (24.01.2016)
  • Customary International Humanitarian Law, retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/home (24.01.2016)
  • Environmental Modification Treaty (1977), retrieved from http://www.state.gov/t/isn/4783.htm
  • Geneva Convention I,II,II,IV (1949), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/vwTreaties1949.xsp
  • Hague Regulations (1899 and 1907), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/195 (24.01.2016)
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968), retrieved from http://www.un.org/disarmament/WMD/Nuclear/pdf/NPTEnglish_Text.pdf (24.01.2016)
  • Outer Space Treaty (1967), retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/270006/Treaty_Principles_Activities_Outer_Space.pdf
  • Opinions, A. Statute of the International Court of Justice, article 38 retrieved from http://www.icj-cij.org/documents/?p1=4&p2=2#CHAPTER_II (24.01.2016)
  • Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963), retrieved from http://www.state.gov/t/isn/4797.htm (24.01.2016)
  • Universal declaration of Human Rights ( 1948), article 3, retrieved from http://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf (24.01.2016)
  • UN report (1980), retrieved from http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing/otherconferences/Copenhagen/Copenhagen%20Full%20Optimized.pdf
  • United Nations Conventional Weapons Convention and its Protocols (1980), retrieved from https://www.icrc.org/en/document/1980-convention-certain-conventional-weapons-and-its-protocols-ratification-kit#.VKkgXWSG-rY (24.01.2016)
  • Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof (1971), retrieved from http://www.nti.org/treaties-and-regimes/treaty-prohibition-emplacement-nuclear-weapons-and-other-weapons-mass-destruction-seabed-and-ocean-floor-and-subsoil-thereof-seabed-treaty/ (24.01.2016)
  • UN General Assembly, Res. 49/75 K on request for an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons, 15 December 1994, eleventh paragraph.
  • UN Report. Appendix 1, paras. 1-35; 1983 WHO Report. p. 8; 1987 WHO Report, p. 9.
  • ICJ, Nuclear Weapons case, Advisory Opinion, 8 July 1996, ICJ Reports 1996, p. 226.
  • Written statements in the Nuclear Weapons case of the United Kingdom (ibid., § 97) and United States (ibid., § 100).
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Onur İzmir

Publication Date February 12, 2016
Submission Date January 24, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İzmir, O. (2016). What are The Laws of War? Legality of The Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons. The Journal of International Scientific Researches, 1(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.23834/isrjournal.251515