Açıklık Üzerindeki Engeller: Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgesi Firmaları Örneği

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 29 - 50, 05.04.2018

Kübra Şimşek Nihan Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.23834/isrjournal.392830

Abstract

Açık inovasyon, işbirlikleri ve bilgi ve entelektüel
varlık paylaşımı yoluyla inovasyon süreçlerinden daha iyi çıktılar elde
edilmesini sağlamaktadır. Tedarikçilerin, müşteri ya da kullanıcıların,
ortakların ve hatta rakiplerin inovatif süreçlere dâhil edilmesi, dahili
kaynaklar üzerindeki kısıtların üstesinden gelmeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Açık
inovasyon yaklaşımı, özellikle teknoloji geliştirme bölgelerinin (TDZ)
ekosistemlerinde faaliyet göstermekte olan bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri
firmaları için, ölçek kısıtları ve deneyim eksiklikleri dolayısıyla daha kritik
bir hal almaktadır. Teknoloji geliştirme bölgelerindeki bilgi ve iletişim
teknolojileri işletmelerinin açık inovasyon uygulamaları üzerindeki engelleri
anlamak, karar vericilere politika tasarımı ve bu engellerin üstesinden gelmek
ve dolayısıyla rekabet avantajı sağlamak yoluyla inovasyon süreçlerini
güçlendirme hususunda yardımcı olabilmektedir. Çeşitli araştırmacılar, TDZ
firmalarının yenilikçilik ve iş performanslarının yanı sıra çeşitli bağlamlarda
açık inovasyon uygulamaları sırasında karşılaştıkları engelleri incelemiştir.
Fakat özellikle teknoloji geliştirme bölgelerindeki bilgi ve iletişim
teknolojileri firmalarının açık inovasyon motivasyon faktörleri ve engellerini
incelemek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki teknoloji geliştirme
bölgelerinde bulunan 102 bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri firmasına uygulanan
anketler ve derinlemesine mülakatlar üzerinden açık inovasyona ilişkin
engelleri araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Faktör analizi uygulanarak, açıklık
üzerindeki temel engeller belirlenmiş ve bu engellerin şirketlerin özellikleri
ile ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Bulgular, en sık görülen engellerin finansal ve
idari sorunlara ilişkin olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Açık İnovasyon, Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri, Engeller, Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgeleri, Teknoparklar

Barriers to Openness: The Case of Technology Development Zone Companies

Abstract

Open Innovation promises higher outcomes
from innovation processes through collaboration and sharing knowledge and the
intellectual assets. Inclusion of suppliers, customers or users, partners, and
even competitors in innovative processes can help to overcome constraints on
internal resources. For ICT companies that operate in eco-systems of technology
development zones (TDZ), open innovation approach becomes more critical mostly
due to the scale and experience constraints. To understand the barriers of open
innovation for ICT firms in TDZs can significantly help strategy and decision
makers in designing policies and actions to empower innovation processes in
order to overcome these barriers and hence to utilize open innovation for
higher competitiveness. Various researchers examined the challenges of open
innovation in various contexts, as well as the innovativeness and business
performances of TDZ companies. However, there is still a room for research on
exploring the dimensions of motives and barriers of open innovation practices
of these companies. This study aims to explore the barriers for open innovation
in ICT TDZ companies through surveys and in-depth interviews that are carried
out in 102 ICT firms in TDZs in Turkey. By applying factor analysis, the main
barriers to openness are identified and relationships of these barriers with
the company’s characteristics explored. Findings reveal that the most
frequently perceived constraints are financial and administrative problems.

Keywords

Open Innovation, ICT Companies, Barriers, Technology Development Zone, Science Park

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