Crowding-Out Effect: Evidence from OECD Countries

Abstract

The concept of the crowding-out effect, which is used to describe how an expansionary fiscal policy would reduce private investments, has become one of the major areas of research in the economy. This study aims to investigate whether or not the crowding-out effect is applicable in OECD countries. For this purpose, Panel Data Analysis was performed for the period 1995-2017. This analysis uses private investments of countries as dependent variables and, in addition to GDP and total government expenditures, it uses education, health, general public services, social protection, economic affairs, defence, public order and safety expenditures of the government as independent variables. Panel Data Analysis was performed using Huber-Eicker-White Estimator in line with the results of econometric tests required for this analysis such as stationarity, model determination, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. As a result, in OECD countries, while economic growth and defence expenditures of the government positively affect private investments, total government expenditures and social protection expenditures of the government have a crowding-out effect on private investments.

Keywords

• Crowding-out effect
• Government expenditures
• Panel data analysis

Dışlama Etkisi: OECD Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar

Abstract

Genişletici maliye politikasının özel yatırımları azaltacağını iddia eden dışlama etkisi görüşü ekonomide önemli araştırma alanlarından biri olmuştur. Bu çalışma, OECD ülkelerinde dışlama etkisinin geçerli olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1995-2017 dönemi için Panel Veri Analizi yapılmaktadır. Bu analizde, ülkelere ait özel yatırımlar bağımlı değişken olarak; GDP ve toplam hükümet harcamalarına ek olarak hükümet tarafından yapılan eğitim, sağlık, genel kamu hizmetleri, sosyal koruma, ekonomik işler, savunma, kamu düzen ve güvenlik harcamaları bağımsız değişkenler olarak kullanılmaktadır. Panel Veri Analizi, bu analiz için gerekli olan durağanlık, model belirleme, heteroskedasite ve otokorelasyon gibi ekonometrik testlerin sonuçları doğrultusunda Huber-Eicker-White Tahmincisi ile yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, OECD ülkelerinde ekonomik büyüme ve hükümetin savunma harcamaları özel yatırımları pozitif etkilerken, toplam hükümet harcamaları ve hükümetin sosyal koruma harcamaları özel yatırımlar üzerinde dışlama etkisine sebep olmaktadır.

Keywords

• Dışlama etkisi
• Hükümet harcamaları
• Panel veri analizi

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