Türk Aile Şirketlerinde Nesiller Arası Yönetim Devri: Bir Gömülü Teori Çalışması

Abstract

Dünya ekonomilerinde var olan şirketlerin %80’inden fazlasını aile şirketleri oluşturmakta, pek çok ülkede gayri safi milli hasılanın %70’inden fazlası aile şirketleri tarafından üretilmektedir. Ancak çoğu aile şirketinin birkaç neslin ötesinde ayakta kalamaması, yönetim devri konusunu aile şirketleriyle ilgili en önemli konulardan biri haline getirmiştir. Nesiller arası yönetim devrini etkileyen faktörlerin anlaşılması aile şirketlerinin sürdürülebilir olmaları açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türk aile şirketlerinin nesiller arası yönetim devri konusundaki sorunlarının anlaşılmasına yönelik bir teori geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Klasik gömülü teori metodolojisi uygulanarak Türk aile şirketi kurucuları, ikinci nesil aile üyeleri, gelinler ve damatlar, profesyonel yöneticiler ve danışmanlar ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş, toplanan veriler teorinin oluşturulabilmesi için kodlama ve sürekli karşılaştırmalı veri analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda Türk aile şirketlerinin kurucularının nesiller arası yönetim devri ile ilgili temel sorunlarının devir gerçekleşirse “Bana ne olacak” endişesi olduğu ve Türk aile şirketlerinin kurucularının nesiller arası yönetim devri ile ilgili bu sorun ve endişelerini gidermek ile ilgili davranış modelinin yönetim devrini ölene kadar gerçekleştirmemek yani “Mezarda emeklilik” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın en büyük özgünlüğü Türk aile şirketlerinde yönetim devri konusunda gömülü teori yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmış ilk çalışma olmasıdır.

Keywords

• Aile Şirketleri
• Nesiller Arası Yönetim Devri
• Gömülü Teori

Transgenerational Succession in Turkish Family Businesses: A Grounded Theory Study

Abstract

More than 80% of the companies in the world economies are family businesses and, in many countries, more than 70% of the gross domestic product is produced by family businesses. However, the inability of most family businesses to survive beyond a few generations has made the succession one of the most important issues related to family businesses. Understanding the factors affecting the succession is of great importance for the sustainability of family businesses. Purpose: In this study, it is aimed to develop a model to understand the problems of transgenerational succession of Turkish family businesses. Method: The classical grounded theory methodology was applied, interviews were held with the founders, second generation family members, brides and grooms, professional managers and advisors of Turkish family businesses and the collected data were subjected to coding and continuous comparative data analysis to form the model. Findings: As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the main problems of the founders of Turkish family businesses regarding the transgenerational succession are the concern of "What will happen to me?" if the succession takes place, and the behavioral model of the founders of Turkish family businesses to overcome these problems and concerns about the transgenerational succession is not to do the succession until they die, in other words, “Over my dead body". Originality: The greatest originality of this study is that it is the first study on transgenerational succession of Turkish family businesses by using the classical grounded theory methodology.

Keywords

• Transgenerational succession
• Grounded theory
• Family businesses

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