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Psikolojik Sözleşmenin İşe Tutkunluk Üzerindeki Etkisinde Güç Mesafesinin Düzenleyici Rolü: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 53, 396 - 420, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1634011

Abstract

Bu çalışma, güç mesafesinin psikolojik sözleşme ile işe tutkunluk arasındaki ilişkiye etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik sözleşme ile işe tutkunluk arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek ve bu dinamikleri Türkiye ve İsviçre'nin kültürel bağlamlarında karşılaştırmaktır. Güç mesafesinin psikolojik sözleşme ile işe tutkunluk arasındaki ilişkiye olan etkisini araştırarak, çok uluslu ortamlarda çalışanların işe tutkunluk düzeylerini artırmaya yönelik uygulanabilir içgörüler sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Hofstede’in kültürel boyutları kullanılarak yapılan bu karşılaştırmalı analiz, güç mesafesinin psikolojik sözleşme ile işe tutkunluk arasındaki etkileşimini Türkiye ve İsviçre gibi iki farklı ülkede nasıl şekillendirdiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, İsviçre ve Türkiye'deki çalışanlardan anket yoluyla veri toplayarak, kesitsel bir tasarım kullanmaktadır. Her iki ülkeden toplam 210 çalışandan oluşan bir örneklem ile regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, psikolojik sözleşmenin işe tutkunluk üzerinde negatif bir etkisi olduğunu, buna karşın ilişkisel sözleşmenin pozitif bir etki yarattığını göstermektedir. Ancak, beklentilerin aksine, işlemsel psikolojik sözleşmenin olumsuz etkisi düşük güç mesafesi ortamlarında daha güçlüdür. Bu bulgular, çok uluslu bağlamlarda katılım stratejileri tasarlarken güç mesafesini dikkate almanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Aynı zamanda, çalışma bulguları örgütsel bağlamda çalışanların işe tutkunluğuna dair derin bir anlayış sunmakta olup, hem teori hem de uygulama açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu makale, güç mesafesinin etkisini dikkate alarak, psikolojik sözleşmenin belirlediği dinamikler üzerinden işe tutkunluğun anlaşılmasına dair literatüre önemli katkılarda bulunmaktadır. Türkiye ve İsviçre’nin kültürel çeşitliliğinde gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma, kültürel boyutların örgütsel dinamikleri nasıl etkilediğine dair benzersiz içgörüler sunmaktadır. Sonuçlar, çalışanların işe tutkunluk düzeyini artıran stratejileri tasarlarken kültürel faktörlerin dikkate alınmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

References

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The Moderating Role of Power Distance in the Effect of Psychological Contract on Work Engagement: A Comparative Research

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 53, 396 - 420, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1634011

Abstract

This study examines the effect of power distance on the relationship between psychological contract and work engagement. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between psychological contract and work engagement and to compare these dynamics in the cultural contexts of Türkiye and Switzerland. By focusing on how power distance shapes this relationship, it aims to provide practical insights to increase the levels of work engagement of employees in multinational environments. This comparative analysis, using Hofstede's cultural dimensions, shows how power distance affects the interaction between psychological contract and work engagement in the two countries, Türkiye and Switzerland. This study uses a cross-sectional design by collecting data through a survey from employees in both countries. Regression analysis was conducted with a total sample of 210 employees. The results suggest that transactional psychological contracts tend to reduce work engagement, and relational contracts are positively associated with engagement. However, contrary to expectations, the negative effect of transactional contracts was stronger in low power distance environments. These findings highlight the importance of considering power distance when designing engagement strategies in multinational contexts. The findings of the study also help explain employee work engagement in an organizational context and are important for both theory and practice. This article contributes to the literature on understanding work engagement through the dynamics determined by the psychological contract, taking into account the influence of power distance. This research, conducted in the cultural diversity of Türkiye and Switzerland, provides insights into how cultural dimensions affect organizational dynamics. The results highlight the importance of considering cultural factors when designing strategies that increase the level of employee engagement.

Ethical Statement

This study has been prepared in accordance with research and publication ethics.

References

  • Ahmad, I., & Gao, Y. (2018). Ethical leadership and work engagement: The roles of psychological empowerment and power distance orientation. Management Decision, 56(9), 1991–2005. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2017-0107 Altıntaş, B., & Altıntaş, M. (2023). Öz-yeterlilik ve çalışmaya tutkunluk ilişkisi üzerine bir araştırma. Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 9(61), 2366–2376. https://doi.org/10.29228/JOSHAS.68275
  • Bal, P. M., Kooij, D. T., & De Jong, S. B. (2013). How do developmental and accommodative HRM enhance employee engagement and commitment? The role of psychological contract and SOC strategies. Journal of Management Studies, 50(4), 545–572. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12028
  • Bolat, B., Bolat, Ö., & Seymen, O. A. (2009). Güçlendirici lider davranışları ve örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin sosyal mübadele kuramından hareketle incelenmesi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(21), 215–239. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/857111
  • Chang, C. H., Hsu, H. Y., Liou, J. W., & Tsai, C. T. (2013). Psychological contracts and innovative behavior: A moderated path analysis of work engagement and job resources. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 98(3), 619–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12165
  • Cihangiroğlu, N., & Şahin, B. (2010). Organizasyonlarda önemli bir fenomen: Psikolojik sözleşme. ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(11), 1–16. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijmeb/issue/54828/750549
  • Conway, J. M., & Lance, C. E. (2010). What reviewers should expect from authors regarding common method bias in organizational research. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(3), 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-010-9181-6
  • Çankır, B. (2021). Adalet sektöründe çalışanların çalışmaya tutkunlukları sürdürülebilir kalite algıları ile iş performansları arası ilişkide rol oynar mı? MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(3), 1785-1795. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.776688
  • Çankır, B., & Arıkan, S. (2019). Examining work engagement and job satisfaction variables in their relations with job performance and intention to quit. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(2), 1133–1150. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2019.661
  • Dai, Y., Li, H., Xie, W., & Deng, T. (2022). Power distance belief and workplace communication: The mediating role of fear of authority. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2932. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052932
  • Dikili, A., & Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2013). Psikolojik sözleşme ile iş tatmini ilişkisine yönelik bir araştırma. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 8(2), 205–227. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/65415
  • Dorfman, P. W., & Howell, J. P. (1988). Dimensions of national culture and effective leadership patterns: Hofstede revisited. In R. N. Farmer & E. G. Goun (Eds.), Advances in international comparative management (Vol. 3, pp. 127–150). JAI Press.
  • Dotse, J. E., & Asumeng, M. (2014). Power distance as moderator of the relationship between organizational leadership style and employee work attitudes: An empirical study in Ghana. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 3(5), 63–76. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284617376
  • Ebrahimzadeh, R., Zahednezhad, H., Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, F., & Masjedi Arani, A. (2024). Investigating the relationship between various dimensions of organizational justice and psychological contract breach among clinical nurses: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 23, Article 798. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02454-2
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
  • Eylon, D., & Au, K. Y. (1999). Exploring empowerment cross-cultural differences along the power distance dimension. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23(3), 373–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(99)00002-4
  • Fantinelli, S., Galanti, T., Guidetti, G., Conserva, F., Giffi, V., Cortini, M., & Di Fiore, T. (2023). Psychological contracts and organizational commitment: The positive impact of relational contracts on call center operators. Administrative Sciences, 13(4), 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13040112
  • Freese, C., & Schalk, R. (1996). Implications of differences in psychological contracts for Human Resources Management. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(4), 501–509. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594329608414875
  • Gençer Çelik, G., Taşkıran, E., & Öngel, G. (2023). Etik liderliğin bilgi uçurma eğilimi üzerindeki etkisi: Ahlaki kimlik ve güç mesafesi yöneliminin rolü. Journal of Research in Business, 8(1), 225–253. https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1286880 Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage.
  • Hofstede, G. (1984). Cultural dimensions in management and planning. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1, 81–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01733682
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage.
  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.). (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Sage.
  • İyigün, N. Ö., & Çetin, C. (2012). Psikolojik kontratın örgütsel sapma üzerindeki etkisi ve ilaç sektöründe bir araştırma. Öneri Dergisi, 10(37), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.14783/od.v10i37.1012000179
  • Jahangirov, N., Saglam Ari, G., Jahangirov, S., & Tosunoglu, N. G. (2015). The relationship between glass ceiling and power distance as a cultural variable by a new method. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 4(4), 465–483. https://doi.org/10.33844/ijol.2015.60300
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
  • Kanbur, E., & Ay, A. (2020). Psikolojik sözleşme algısının işe adanmışlık üzerindeki etkisi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 531–549. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.615587
  • Kaplanseren, S., & Örücü, E. (2018). İşe tutkunluğun örgütsel vatandaşlığa etkisi: Otel çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi, 7(1), 1–19. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/trakyaiibf/issue/38477/403423#article_cite
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There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Organisation and Management Theory
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Berat Büyükaslan 0000-0002-6895-5933

Necla Öykü İyigün 0000-0003-4708-5825

Publication Date September 29, 2025
Submission Date February 5, 2025
Acceptance Date June 13, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 24 Issue: 53

Cite

APA Büyükaslan, B., & İyigün, N. Ö. (2025). The Moderating Role of Power Distance in the Effect of Psychological Contract on Work Engagement: A Comparative Research. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(53), 396-420. https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1634011