Research Article

Reassessment of the Iranian Revolution in its 40th Anniversary: Its Causal Dynamics

Volume: 7 Number: 3 September 30, 2018
EN TR

Reassessment of the Iranian Revolution in its 40th Anniversary: Its Causal Dynamics

Abstract

This article reevaluates the Iranian Revolution as a modern movement. Modern revolutionary movements spark with an ideological discourse reinforcing class-consciousness; flourish upon growing sentiments of nationalism, and mobilize masses with a trigger that deepens the estrangement between state and society. In terms of its initial motivations, the Iranian Revolution was a modern political movement. In the Iranian case, ideological discourse targeted political elites favoring certain segments of the society, and planted the first seeds of hostility towards Shah’s regime and its foreign supporters. Modernization reforms and nationalization policies of the 1920-1955 period gave birth to common nationalist sentiments among influential and discontented social groups strengthening their reaction against the regime. Finally, the regime’s decision to allocate growing oil revenues after the 1973 oil crisis to heavy industry investments and military modernization programs instead of social development projects deepened the estrangement between state and society mobilizing masses towards a revolutionary movement.

Keywords

Iranian Revolution,ideological discourse,nationalism,boom-bust cycles,oil revenues,allocation and rentier state

References

  1. AMUZEGAR, J. (1999) Managing oil wealth: OPEC’s windfalls and pitfalls. London: IB. Tauris.
  2. ARJOMAND, S. A. (1988). The turban for the crown: the Islamic revolution in Iran. New York: Oxford University Press.
  3. DAVIES, J. C. (1962). Toward a theory of revolution. American Sociological Review, 27, 1, 5-19.
  4. HUNTINGTON, S. (1966a). The political modernization of traditional monarchies. Daedalus, 59, 3 , 763-788.
  5. HUNTINGTON, S. (1968b). Political order in changing societies. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  6. KARL, T. L. (1997). The paradox of plenty: oil booms and petro-states. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  7. KEDDIE, N. R. (1981a). Roots of revolution: an interpretive history of modern Iran. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  8. KEDDIE, N. R. (1983b). Iranian revolutions in comparative perspective. The American Historical Review, 88, 3, 579-598.
  9. KRAPELS, E. N. (1980). Oil and security: problems and prospects of importing countries. G. Treverton, Energy and security in. New Jersey: Gower Publishing Company Ltd.
  10. LUCIANI, G. (1990). The Arab state. Berkeley: University of California Press.
APA
Kızılaslan, K. U. (2018). Reassessment of the Iranian Revolution in its 40th Anniversary: Its Causal Dynamics. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3), 2257-2275. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.448662