Research Article

Prosperity, Gender Equality and Economic Development in the MENA Region

Volume: 10 Number: 3 September 30, 2021
TR EN

Prosperity, Gender Equality and Economic Development in the MENA Region

Abstract

In this study, the effects of macroeconomic fundamentals, prosperity, and gender equality factors on economic development are examined in 18 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Even though the MENA region countries have gone through advancements in the average wealth and prosperity levels in recent years, these positive changes have not been sufficient to prevent the region to fall behind other world regions in the rankings of development and economic growth. A panel data analysis is carried out for the time duration 2009 and 2019. This period coincides with both before and after the Arab Spring period. A wide spectrum of indicators is used to understand how different aspects of prosperity and gender equality can affect growth in the MENA region. In this way, a collective and comprehensive approach is adopted in the empirical analysis. One of the dependent variables, the productive capacity is calculated as a compound indicator which accounts for resource rents, GDP and working-age population. Two composite indicators, economic environment and institutions are used in the main estimations. Market access and infrastructure, investment environment, enterprise conditions, and economic quality are integrated to generate the variable economic environment. Governance, safety and security, and personal freedom are compounded to create the variable institutions. Later, these two composite indicators’ components are controlled individually in the estimations in order to carry out a robustness check analysis. It is found that female labor force participation, foreign direct investment, social capital, natural resource rents, education, a better economic environment, and improvements in safety-security can positively affect economic growth, total factor productivity and productive capacity. On the other hand, the overall quality of institutions and proportion of women representatives in national parliaments do not seem to significantly impact economic development in these MENA countries.

Keywords

Prosperity , Well-being , Gender Equality , Economic Development , MENA Countries

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APA
Güleryüz, E. H. (2021). Prosperity, Gender Equality and Economic Development in the MENA Region. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(3), 2273-2287. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.902062