Abstract
According to Jewish tradition the humankind come from Adam and Noah’s lineage. Judaism teaches that human being was created in the image of God and thatswhy is venerable. Judaism states that human life and dignity is inviolable. This article discusses that how the preservation of human life and dignity is ensured in Torah, which is the main source of Judaism. First of all in the article it is dealt the human perception of Judaism and it is introduced the position of the Jews and non-Jews in the primary Jewish sources. Afterwards, the laws of Torah to protect human life and dignity are surveyed and each topic is discussed through two examples. The topic of the protection of human life is discussed considering the sins of killing and mutilation, while the topic of the protection of human dignity is discussed considering the institution of slavery, adultery and defamation of adultery.
Keywords
References
- Cassin, Rene S., “From the Ten Commandments to the Rights of Man”, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2015, http://renecassin.over-blog.com/article-from-the-ten-commandments-to-the-rights-of-man-72080499.html.
- Cohen, Abraham, Everyman’s Talmud, New York: Schocken Books, 1975.
- Çelebi, Ahmet, Mukayeseli dinler açısından Yahudilik, İstanbul: Kelam, 1978.
- Friedman, Hershley H., Human dignity and the Jewish tradition, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2015, http://www.jlaw.com/Articles/HumanDignity.pdf.
- Ginsburgh, Yitzchak, Kabbalah and the meditation for the nations, (ed.) Moshe Genuth, Jerusalem: Gal Einai, 5767/2006.
- Gürkan, Salime Leyla, “Yahudi”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi (DİA), Ankara: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 2013, c. XLIII, s. 182-184.
- Hasanov, Eldar, “İslam Hukuku ile Karşılaştırmalı olarak Yahudi Hukukunda Zina ve Benzeri Cinsel Suçlar”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, M. Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2007.
- Hasanov, Eldar, Nuh Kanunları ve Nuhilik, İstanbul: İSAM, 2015.
- Hirsch, Emil G., “Gentile”, Jewish Enciclopedia, V, 615-619.
- Katz, Jacob, Exclusiveness and tolerance: Jewish-Gentile relations in medieval and modern times, New York: Schocken Books, 1962.
- Mekilta de-Rabbi Ishmael, çev. Jacob Z. Lauterbach, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1976.
- Midrash Rabbah, (ed.) H. Friedman, Maurice Simon, London: Soncino Press, 1939.
- Novak, David, “Gentiles in Rabbinic thought”, The Cambridge history of Judaism IV: the late Roman-Rabbinic period, (ed.) Steven T. Katz, Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006, 647-662.
- Novak, David, The image of non-Jew in Judaism: a historical and constructive study of the Noahide Laws, New York: The Edwin Melen Press, 1983.
- Rakover, Nahum, Gadol kevod ha-briyot:kevod ha-adam ke-ereh al, Yeruşalayim, 1998.
- Rakover, Nahum, Law and the Noahides: law as a universal value, Jerusalem: The Library of Jewish Law, 1998.
- Sarna, Nahum M., Exodus: the traditional Hebrew text with the new JPS translation, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 1991.
- Schultz, Joseph P., Judaism and the Gentile faiths: comparative studies in religion, New Jersey: Associated University Presses, 1981.
- Sifre: a Tannaitic commentary to the Book of Deuteronomy, çev. Reuven Hammer, New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1986.
- Sperber, Daniel, “Gentile”, Encylopaedia Judaica, VII, 485-486.
- Stern, Sacha, Jewish identity in early Rabbinic writings, Leiden: Brill, 1994.
- The Babylonian Talmud, (ed.) Rabbi Epstein ve dğr., London: The Soncino Press, 1978.
- Wilf, Steven, The law before the law, Lanham: Lexinton Books, 2008.
Abstract
Yahudi geleneğine göre insanlık Âdem’den sonra Nuh’tan türemiştir. Nuh’un 10. kuşaktan torunu olan İbrahim Yahudilerin soy atasıdır. Yahudiliğe göre bütün insanlar Tanrı’nın suretinde yaratıldıkları için saygındırlar. Yahudilik insan hayatı ve onurunun dokunulmaz olduğunu kabul etmiştir. Bu makalede Yahudiliğin ana kaynağı olan Tevrat’ta insan hayatı ve onurunun muhafazasının nasıl sağlandığı konusu ele alınmaktadır. Makalede ilk olarak Yahudiliğin insan algısı ele alınmış, temel kaynaklarda Yahudiler ve yabancıların konumu tanıtılmıştır. Daha sonra Tevrat’ta yer alan insan hayatı ve onurunu korumaya yönelik hükümler taranmış, her konu iki örnek üzerinden ele alınmıştır. İnsan hayatının korunması konusu öldürme ve yaralama suçları üzerinden, insan onurunun korunması konusu da kölelik müessesesi ve zina ile zina iftirası konuları üzerinden ele alınmıştır.
Keywords
References
- Cassin, Rene S., “From the Ten Commandments to the Rights of Man”, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2015, http://renecassin.over-blog.com/article-from-the-ten-commandments-to-the-rights-of-man-72080499.html.
- Cohen, Abraham, Everyman’s Talmud, New York: Schocken Books, 1975.
- Çelebi, Ahmet, Mukayeseli dinler açısından Yahudilik, İstanbul: Kelam, 1978.
- Friedman, Hershley H., Human dignity and the Jewish tradition, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2015, http://www.jlaw.com/Articles/HumanDignity.pdf.
- Ginsburgh, Yitzchak, Kabbalah and the meditation for the nations, (ed.) Moshe Genuth, Jerusalem: Gal Einai, 5767/2006.
- Gürkan, Salime Leyla, “Yahudi”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi (DİA), Ankara: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 2013, c. XLIII, s. 182-184.
- Hasanov, Eldar, “İslam Hukuku ile Karşılaştırmalı olarak Yahudi Hukukunda Zina ve Benzeri Cinsel Suçlar”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, M. Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2007.
- Hasanov, Eldar, Nuh Kanunları ve Nuhilik, İstanbul: İSAM, 2015.
- Hirsch, Emil G., “Gentile”, Jewish Enciclopedia, V, 615-619.
- Katz, Jacob, Exclusiveness and tolerance: Jewish-Gentile relations in medieval and modern times, New York: Schocken Books, 1962.
- Mekilta de-Rabbi Ishmael, çev. Jacob Z. Lauterbach, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1976.
- Midrash Rabbah, (ed.) H. Friedman, Maurice Simon, London: Soncino Press, 1939.
- Novak, David, “Gentiles in Rabbinic thought”, The Cambridge history of Judaism IV: the late Roman-Rabbinic period, (ed.) Steven T. Katz, Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006, 647-662.
- Novak, David, The image of non-Jew in Judaism: a historical and constructive study of the Noahide Laws, New York: The Edwin Melen Press, 1983.
- Rakover, Nahum, Gadol kevod ha-briyot:kevod ha-adam ke-ereh al, Yeruşalayim, 1998.
- Rakover, Nahum, Law and the Noahides: law as a universal value, Jerusalem: The Library of Jewish Law, 1998.
- Sarna, Nahum M., Exodus: the traditional Hebrew text with the new JPS translation, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 1991.
- Schultz, Joseph P., Judaism and the Gentile faiths: comparative studies in religion, New Jersey: Associated University Presses, 1981.
- Sifre: a Tannaitic commentary to the Book of Deuteronomy, çev. Reuven Hammer, New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1986.
- Sperber, Daniel, “Gentile”, Encylopaedia Judaica, VII, 485-486.
- Stern, Sacha, Jewish identity in early Rabbinic writings, Leiden: Brill, 1994.
- The Babylonian Talmud, (ed.) Rabbi Epstein ve dğr., London: The Soncino Press, 1978.
- Wilf, Steven, The law before the law, Lanham: Lexinton Books, 2008.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 4, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 |
