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The Role of Remittances in Economic Development: Myth or Reality?

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 1172 - 1188, 25.04.2017

Abstract

The change and transformation process which has
occured in the world economy, especially after 1980, is briefly named as
globalization. In this process, communication and transportation costs have
decreased comperatively. Moreover, threats and opportunities brought by
globalization have accelerated the migration of people to places from their
place of birth. Therefore, increasing human mobility around the world has begun
to be expressed by the concept of international migration. Immigrants workers
are the main subject of increasing international migration in the globalization
process. Immigrants make significant contributions to the economy of their own
countries by sending the money they earn. Thus, the effects of immigrant
foreign exchange or transfers on the socio-economic development of countries
have recently been subject to many studies. The purpose of this study is to
analyze the impact of rapidly increasing amounts of immigrant foreign exchange
on economic development of countries.

References

  • Kaynakça
  • Acosta, P., Calderon C., Fajnzylber P., Lopez H. (2008). “What is the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Latin America?, World Development, 36(1), 89–114.
  • Adams, R.H., Page, J. (2003). The Impact of International Migration and Remittances on Poverty in Developing Countries, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3179
  • Adams, R.H. Jr., Page, J. (2005). “Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?”, World Development, 33(10), 1645–1669.
  • Agarwal R., Horowitz A.W. (2002). “Are International Remittances Altruism or Insurance? Evidence from Guyana Using Multiple-Migrant Households, World Development, 30(11), 2033–2044.
  • Chowdhury, M. (2016). “Financial Development, Remittances and Economic Growth: Evidence Using a Dynamic Panel Estimation”, The Journal of Applied Economic Research, 10(1), 35–54.
  • Czaika, M., Haas, H. (2015). “The Globalization of Migration: Has the World Become More Migratory?”, International Migration Review, 48(2), 283-323.
  • Edwards, A.C., Ureta, M. (2003). “International migration, remittances, and schooling: Evidence from El Salvador”, Journal of Development Economics, 72, 429–461.
  • Funkhouser, E. (1995). “Remittances from International Migration: A Comparison of El Salvador and Nicaragua”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 77(1), 137-146. Gençler, A. ve Çiftçi, M. (2012). “Dış Ticaretin Finansmanında Göçmen Gönderilerinin Rolü: Türkiye Örneği”, Sosyoekonomi, 17(17), 301-331.
  • Giuliano, P., Ruiz-Arranz, M. (2009). “Remittances, financial development, and growth”, Journal of Development Economics, 90, 144–152.
  • Gökbayrak, Ş.(2008). “Uluslararası Göç ve Kalkınma Tartışmaları: Beyin Göçü Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 63(3), 65-82.
  • Gupta, S., Pattillo C.A., Wagh, S. (2009), “Effect of Remittances on Poverty and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa”, World Development, 37(1), 104–115.
  • Haas, H. (2005). “International migration, remittances and development: myths and facts”, Third World Quarterly, 26(8), 1269-1284.
  • Haas, H. (2006). “Migration, remittances and regional development in Southern Morocco”, Geoforum, 37, 565–580.
  • Haas, H. (2010). “Migration and Development: A Theoretical Perspective”, International Migration Review, 44 (1), 227-264.
  • IOM (2011).World Migration Report 2011, International Organization for Migration, Switzerland
  • İçduygu, A. (2009). “International Migration and Human Development in Turkey”, UNDP Human Developments Research Paper 2009/52
  • Kahanec, M., Zimmermann, K.F. (2008). “Migration and Globalization: Challenges and Perspectives for the Research Infrastructure”, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 3890.
  • Katseli, L. T. vd. (2006). Policies For Migration And Development: A European Perspective, OECD Developmnet Centre, Policy Brief No.30.
  • Laczko, F. (2005). “Migration, Development and Poverty in Asia”, Migration, Development and Poverty Reduction in Asia. Geneva: International Organization for Migration
  • Le, T. (2011). “Remittances for economic development: The investment perspective”, Economic Modelling, 28, 2409–2415.
  • Lucas, R.E.B. (2005). “International Migration Regimes and Economic Development”, Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2017 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/events/pdf/3/P22_AnnexIII.pdf
  • Mansoor, A. ve Quillin, B. (2007). Migration and Remittances : Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  • Martin P., Widgren, J. (2002). “International Migration: Facing the Challenge”, Population Bulletin, Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau, 57 (1).
  • McCann, P., Poot, J., Sanderson, L. (2010). “Migration, relationship capital and international travel: theory and evidence”, Journal of Economic Geography, 10(3), 361-387.
  • Muth, R.F. (1971). “Migration: Chicken or Egg?”, Southern Economic Journal, 37(3), 295-306.
  • MPI (2015). “Top 25 Destinations of International Migrants”, Migration Policy Institute, Erişim Tarihi: 09.03.2017, http://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/top-25-destinations-international-migrants
  • Niessen, J. (2003).“Negotiating the Liberalization of Migration – Is GATS a Vehicle or a Model for Global Migration Governance”, EPC Issue Paper, No.6.
  • Osili, U.O. (2007). “Remittances and savings from international migration: Theory and evidence using a matched sample”, Journal of Development Economics, 83, 446–465.
  • Özyakışır, D. (2013). Göç, Kuram ve Bölgesel Bir Uygulama, Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Ratha, D. Sirkeci, İ. (2010). “Remittances and the global financial crisis”, Migration Letters, 7( 2), 125-131.
  • Tansel, A., Yaşar P. (2010). “Macroeconomic impact of remittances on output growth: Evidence from Turkey”, Migration Letters, 7(2), 132–143.
  • Taylor, J. E. vd. (1996). “International Migration and Community Development”, Population Index, 62(3), 397-418.
  • Thouez, C. (2005). “The Impact of Remittances on Development”, International Migration and the Millennium Development Goals, UNFPA Expert Group Meeting Marrakech, Morocco.
  • TUC, (2007). “The Economics of Migration”, Economic and Social Affairs, Trades Union Congress, Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2017: https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/extras/migration.pdf
  • UN, (2015). “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision”, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml
  • UN, (2006). “International Migration Facts & Figures”, Population Division, Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2017 http://www.un.org/esa/population/migration/hld/Text/Migration_factsheet.pdf
  • Unat, N. A. vd., (1975). Göç ve Gelişme: Uluslararası İşgücü Göçünün Boğazlıyan İlçesi Üzerindeki Etkilerine İlişkin Bir Araştırma, (Çeviri: Ünsal Oskay), Ankara:Türk Matbaacılık Sanayii.
  • Vargas-Lundiu, R. vd. (2008). International Migration, Remittances and Rural Development, IFAD Publication, Italy.
  • Vogler, M. ve Rotte, R. (2000). “The Effects of Development on Migration: Theoretical Issues and New Empirical Evidence”, Journal of Population Economics, 13(3) 485-508.
  • Wainer, A. (2011). Development and Migration In Rural Mexico, Briefing Paper 11, Bread for the World Institute, Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2017 http://www.bread.org/sites/default/files/downloads/briefing-paper-11.pdf
  • World Bank (2017). World Development Report 2017 : Governance and the Law. Washington, DC: World Bank. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25880
  • World Bank, (2016a). Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016, Erişim Tarihi: 11.04.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23743 World Bank, (2016b). “Trends in Remittances, 2016: A New Normal of Slow Growth”, Erişim Tarih: 20.03.2017 http://blogs.worldbank.org/peoplemove/trends-remittances-2016-new-normal-slow-growth%20
  • World Bank. (2015). Global Economic Prospects, January 2015 : Having Fiscal Space and Using It. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/20758
  • World Bank, (2005). Moldova : Opportunities for Accelerated Growth, A Country Economic Memorandum for the Republic of Moldova. Erişim Tarih: 20.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8698
  • World Bank, (2016c). “Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)”, World Development Indicators, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS
  • World Bank, (2016d). “Personal remittances, received (current US$)”, World Development Indicators, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT?view=chart
  • Zhang, X. ve Lin, S. (2010). “The impact of the global slowdown on the People’s Republic of China’s rural migrants: Empirical evidence from a 12-city survey”, (Editörler: Armin Bauer ve Myo Thant), In Poverty and Sustainable Development in Asia: Impacts and Responses to the Global Economic Crisis, Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, pp.203-218.
  • Zotova, N., Cohen, J.H. (2016). “Remittances and their social meaning in Tajikistan”, Remittances Review, 1(1), 5–16.

Ekonomik Kalkınmada Göçmen Transferlerinin Rolü: Mit mi Gerçek mi?

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 1172 - 1188, 25.04.2017

Abstract

Dünya ekonomisinde özellikle 1980’den sonra meydana
gelen değişim ve dönüşüm süreci kısaca küreselleşme kavramıyla kodlanmıştır. Bu
süreçte iletişim ve ulaşım maliyetlerinde görece düşüş yaşanmıştır. Buna ilave
olarak küreselleşmenin beraberinde getirdiği tehdit ve fırsatlar, insanların
doğdukları yerlerden başka yerlere göç etmelerini hızlandırmıştır. Böylece
dünya çapında artan insan hareketliliği, uluslararası göç kavramıyla ifade
edilmeye başlanmıştır. Küreselleşme sürecinde artan uluslararası göçün temel
öznesini yurt dışına çalışmaya giden göçmenler oluşturmaktadır. Göçmenler göç
ettikleri ülkelerde kazandıkları paraları kendi ülkelerine göndererek ülke
ekonomilerine önemli katkılar sağlamaktadırlar. Bu yüzden göçmen dövizleri veya
transferlerinin ülkelerin sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmalarına etkileri son dönemde
pek çok çalışmaya konu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası göçle
birlikte miktarları hızla artan göçmen dövizlerinin ülkelerin ekonomik kalkınmalarına
etkisini analiz etmektir. 

References

  • Kaynakça
  • Acosta, P., Calderon C., Fajnzylber P., Lopez H. (2008). “What is the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Latin America?, World Development, 36(1), 89–114.
  • Adams, R.H., Page, J. (2003). The Impact of International Migration and Remittances on Poverty in Developing Countries, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3179
  • Adams, R.H. Jr., Page, J. (2005). “Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?”, World Development, 33(10), 1645–1669.
  • Agarwal R., Horowitz A.W. (2002). “Are International Remittances Altruism or Insurance? Evidence from Guyana Using Multiple-Migrant Households, World Development, 30(11), 2033–2044.
  • Chowdhury, M. (2016). “Financial Development, Remittances and Economic Growth: Evidence Using a Dynamic Panel Estimation”, The Journal of Applied Economic Research, 10(1), 35–54.
  • Czaika, M., Haas, H. (2015). “The Globalization of Migration: Has the World Become More Migratory?”, International Migration Review, 48(2), 283-323.
  • Edwards, A.C., Ureta, M. (2003). “International migration, remittances, and schooling: Evidence from El Salvador”, Journal of Development Economics, 72, 429–461.
  • Funkhouser, E. (1995). “Remittances from International Migration: A Comparison of El Salvador and Nicaragua”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 77(1), 137-146. Gençler, A. ve Çiftçi, M. (2012). “Dış Ticaretin Finansmanında Göçmen Gönderilerinin Rolü: Türkiye Örneği”, Sosyoekonomi, 17(17), 301-331.
  • Giuliano, P., Ruiz-Arranz, M. (2009). “Remittances, financial development, and growth”, Journal of Development Economics, 90, 144–152.
  • Gökbayrak, Ş.(2008). “Uluslararası Göç ve Kalkınma Tartışmaları: Beyin Göçü Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 63(3), 65-82.
  • Gupta, S., Pattillo C.A., Wagh, S. (2009), “Effect of Remittances on Poverty and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa”, World Development, 37(1), 104–115.
  • Haas, H. (2005). “International migration, remittances and development: myths and facts”, Third World Quarterly, 26(8), 1269-1284.
  • Haas, H. (2006). “Migration, remittances and regional development in Southern Morocco”, Geoforum, 37, 565–580.
  • Haas, H. (2010). “Migration and Development: A Theoretical Perspective”, International Migration Review, 44 (1), 227-264.
  • IOM (2011).World Migration Report 2011, International Organization for Migration, Switzerland
  • İçduygu, A. (2009). “International Migration and Human Development in Turkey”, UNDP Human Developments Research Paper 2009/52
  • Kahanec, M., Zimmermann, K.F. (2008). “Migration and Globalization: Challenges and Perspectives for the Research Infrastructure”, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 3890.
  • Katseli, L. T. vd. (2006). Policies For Migration And Development: A European Perspective, OECD Developmnet Centre, Policy Brief No.30.
  • Laczko, F. (2005). “Migration, Development and Poverty in Asia”, Migration, Development and Poverty Reduction in Asia. Geneva: International Organization for Migration
  • Le, T. (2011). “Remittances for economic development: The investment perspective”, Economic Modelling, 28, 2409–2415.
  • Lucas, R.E.B. (2005). “International Migration Regimes and Economic Development”, Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2017 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/events/pdf/3/P22_AnnexIII.pdf
  • Mansoor, A. ve Quillin, B. (2007). Migration and Remittances : Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  • Martin P., Widgren, J. (2002). “International Migration: Facing the Challenge”, Population Bulletin, Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau, 57 (1).
  • McCann, P., Poot, J., Sanderson, L. (2010). “Migration, relationship capital and international travel: theory and evidence”, Journal of Economic Geography, 10(3), 361-387.
  • Muth, R.F. (1971). “Migration: Chicken or Egg?”, Southern Economic Journal, 37(3), 295-306.
  • MPI (2015). “Top 25 Destinations of International Migrants”, Migration Policy Institute, Erişim Tarihi: 09.03.2017, http://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/top-25-destinations-international-migrants
  • Niessen, J. (2003).“Negotiating the Liberalization of Migration – Is GATS a Vehicle or a Model for Global Migration Governance”, EPC Issue Paper, No.6.
  • Osili, U.O. (2007). “Remittances and savings from international migration: Theory and evidence using a matched sample”, Journal of Development Economics, 83, 446–465.
  • Özyakışır, D. (2013). Göç, Kuram ve Bölgesel Bir Uygulama, Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Ratha, D. Sirkeci, İ. (2010). “Remittances and the global financial crisis”, Migration Letters, 7( 2), 125-131.
  • Tansel, A., Yaşar P. (2010). “Macroeconomic impact of remittances on output growth: Evidence from Turkey”, Migration Letters, 7(2), 132–143.
  • Taylor, J. E. vd. (1996). “International Migration and Community Development”, Population Index, 62(3), 397-418.
  • Thouez, C. (2005). “The Impact of Remittances on Development”, International Migration and the Millennium Development Goals, UNFPA Expert Group Meeting Marrakech, Morocco.
  • TUC, (2007). “The Economics of Migration”, Economic and Social Affairs, Trades Union Congress, Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2017: https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/extras/migration.pdf
  • UN, (2015). “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision”, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml
  • UN, (2006). “International Migration Facts & Figures”, Population Division, Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2017 http://www.un.org/esa/population/migration/hld/Text/Migration_factsheet.pdf
  • Unat, N. A. vd., (1975). Göç ve Gelişme: Uluslararası İşgücü Göçünün Boğazlıyan İlçesi Üzerindeki Etkilerine İlişkin Bir Araştırma, (Çeviri: Ünsal Oskay), Ankara:Türk Matbaacılık Sanayii.
  • Vargas-Lundiu, R. vd. (2008). International Migration, Remittances and Rural Development, IFAD Publication, Italy.
  • Vogler, M. ve Rotte, R. (2000). “The Effects of Development on Migration: Theoretical Issues and New Empirical Evidence”, Journal of Population Economics, 13(3) 485-508.
  • Wainer, A. (2011). Development and Migration In Rural Mexico, Briefing Paper 11, Bread for the World Institute, Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2017 http://www.bread.org/sites/default/files/downloads/briefing-paper-11.pdf
  • World Bank (2017). World Development Report 2017 : Governance and the Law. Washington, DC: World Bank. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25880
  • World Bank, (2016a). Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016, Erişim Tarihi: 11.04.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/23743 World Bank, (2016b). “Trends in Remittances, 2016: A New Normal of Slow Growth”, Erişim Tarih: 20.03.2017 http://blogs.worldbank.org/peoplemove/trends-remittances-2016-new-normal-slow-growth%20
  • World Bank. (2015). Global Economic Prospects, January 2015 : Having Fiscal Space and Using It. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/20758
  • World Bank, (2005). Moldova : Opportunities for Accelerated Growth, A Country Economic Memorandum for the Republic of Moldova. Erişim Tarih: 20.03.2017 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8698
  • World Bank, (2016c). “Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)”, World Development Indicators, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS
  • World Bank, (2016d). “Personal remittances, received (current US$)”, World Development Indicators, Erişim Tarihi: 15.03.2017 http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT?view=chart
  • Zhang, X. ve Lin, S. (2010). “The impact of the global slowdown on the People’s Republic of China’s rural migrants: Empirical evidence from a 12-city survey”, (Editörler: Armin Bauer ve Myo Thant), In Poverty and Sustainable Development in Asia: Impacts and Responses to the Global Economic Crisis, Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, pp.203-218.
  • Zotova, N., Cohen, J.H. (2016). “Remittances and their social meaning in Tajikistan”, Remittances Review, 1(1), 5–16.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Deniz Özyakışır

Publication Date April 25, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özyakışır, D. (2017). Ekonomik Kalkınmada Göçmen Transferlerinin Rolü: Mit mi Gerçek mi?. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 1172-1188. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.306926

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