Havayolu Şirketleri Pazarlama Performanslarının AHP ve TOPSIS Yöntemleri ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1275 - 1305

Mehmet Etlioğlu

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1700893

Abstract

Küresel rekabet ortamında havayolu şirketleri için pazarlama performansı sürdürülebilir karlılık ve rekabet avantajı elde etmede kritik bir başarı faktörüdür. Sektörde artan rekabet ve tüketici beklentilerinin çeşitlenmesi, pazarlama stratejilerinin etkinliğini sadece geleneksel ürün, fiyat, dağıtım ve tutundurma unsurlarına değil aynı zamanda dijital pazarlama, marka konumlandırma, teknoloji ve inovasyon yönetimi ve müşteri deneyimi gibi kapsamlı kriterlere de bağımlı hale getirmiştir. Ayrıca rekabet avantajı elde etmede dijitalleşmenin ve müşteri odaklı stratejilerin önemi giderek artmaktadır. Literatürde havayolu şirketlerinde çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri kullanılarak yapılan çalışmalar genellikle temel performans göstergeleri, finansal ve hizmet kalitesine odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın havayolu şirketlerinin pazarlama performanslarını çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri, AHP ve TOPSIS ile değerlendirerek literatüre ve sektör uygulayıcılarına katkı sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda havayolu şirketlerinin sürdürülebilir başarı için pazarlama stratejilerini çok boyutlu ve analitik yaklaşımlarla değerlendirmeleri zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, havayolu sektöründe pazarlama stratejilerinin önceliklendirilmesini çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri ile sistematik ve kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda literatürdeki kısıtlılıklar göz önünde bulundurularak temel pazarlama kriterlerinin ağırlıkları ve önem sıralamaları AHP yöntemi ile belirlenmiş; ardından Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren dört havayolu işletmesinin pazarlama performansları TOPSIS yöntemi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre en önemli kriterlerin fiyatlandırma (0,232), ürün/hizmet kalitesi (0,206) ve dijital pazarlama (0,113) olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Teknoloji ve inovasyon yönetimi (0,111) de rekabet stratejilerinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. TOPSIS analizinde Havayolu A, ürün, dağıtım, tutundurma, dijital pazarlama, marka konumlandırma, müşteri deneyimi ve teknoloji-inovasyon alanlarında en yüksek performansı göstermiştir. Havayolu B ikinci, Havayolu C ve D ise üçüncü sırada yer almıştır. Bu bulgular havayolu işletmelerinin pazarlama stratejilerini daha etkin ve verimli hale getirerek rekabet avantajı elde etmelerinde önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Pazarlama Performansı , Havayolu Şirketleri , AHP , TOPSİS , Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri

The Evaluation of Marketing Performance of Airline Companies with AHP and TOPSIS Methods

Abstract

Marketing performance is a critical success factor in achieving sustainable profitability and competitive advantage for airline companies in the global competitive environment. Increasing competition in the sector and diversification of consumer expectations have made the effectiveness of marketing strategies dependent not only on traditional product/service, price, place and promotion elements but also on comprehensive criteria such as digital marketing, brand positioning, technology and innovation management and customer experience. In addition, the importance of digitalization and customer-oriented strategies in achieving competitive advantage is gradually increasing. In the literature, studies conducted using multi-criteria decision-making techniques in airline companies generally focus on basic performance indicators, financial and service quality. In this context, it is evaluated that the study will contribute to the literature and sector practitioners by evaluating the marketing performances of airline companies with multi-criteria decision-making techniques, AHP and TOPSIS. In this context, it has become mandatory for airline companies to evaluate their marketing strategies with multi-dimensional and analytical approaches for sustainable success. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prioritization of marketing strategies in the airline sector systematically and comprehensively with multi-criteria decision-making methods. In line with this purpose, considering the limitations in the literature, the weights and importance rankings of basic marketing criteria were determined with the AHP method; Then, the marketing performances of four airline companies operating in Türkiye were compared using the TOPSIS method. The analysis results revealed that pricing (0.232), product/service quality (0.206) and digital marketing (0.113) were the most critical criteria. Technology and innovation management (0.111) also has an important place in competitive strategies. In the TOPSIS analysis, Airline A showed the highest performance in the areas of product/service, place, promotion, digital marketing, brand positioning, customer experience and technology-innovation. Airline B ranked second, and Airlines C and D ranked third. These findings provide significant contributions to airline companies in making their marketing strategies more effective and efficient and thus achieving competitive advantage.

Keywords

Marketing Performance , Airline Companies , AHP , TOPSIS , Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods

Ethical Statement

The study was carried out by the Konya Food and Agriculture University Ethics Committee with the decision numbered 2025/03-5 dated 28.03.2025. I declare that I comply with scientific publication ethics.

Supporting Institution

I declared that I received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Thanks

No names were listed in the acknowledgments section since no funding and technical assistance, writing and editing support, or general support was received from individuals who were not authors. I express their sincere gratitude to the Editors-in-Chief and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions throughout the review process.

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