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Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1754 - 1778, 30.09.2025

Fatma Zehra Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520

Abstract

References

  • Alam, M. S., & Shin, D. (2021). A moderated mediation model of employee experienced diversity management: Openness to experience, perceived visible diversity discrimination, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(5), 733-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-06-2019-0286
  • Amon, M. J. (2017). Looking through the glass ceiling: A qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
  • Alparslan, A. M., Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö., & Özgöz, A. (2015). Problems of women workers and gender discrimination in organization. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 2(1), 66-81.
  • Akpinar-Sposito, C. (2013). Career barriers for women executives and the glass ceiling syndrome: The case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 488–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.053
  • Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-12-2016-0282
  • Baxter, J., & Wright, E. O. (2000). The glass ceiling hypothesis: A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society, 14(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124300014002004
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Transl.). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Browers, C.S. & Ho, H.W.L. (2022). Seeing through their eyes: the diversity and inclusion lessons learned from rural university students. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 16(1), 2-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/HEED-12-2020-0053
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Chalermchaikit, V., Kozak, M., & Preudhikulpradab, S. (2024). Gender inclusion: The practices of organizational development and human resource management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103773
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Collischon, M. (2021). Personality traits as a partial explanation for gender wage gaps and glass ceilings. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. 73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100596
  • Dowling, G. (2017). The glass ceiling: Fact or a misguided metaphor? Annals in Social Responsibility, 3(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/ASR-05-2017-0002
  • Dönmez, S., & Tuncay Çelikel, A. (2025). A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome. Social Review of Technology and Change, 3(1), 64-96.
  • Filandri, M., Pasqua, S., & Priori, E. (2023). Breaking through the glass ceiling: Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 88, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101655
  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765031664796
  • Ghundol, B., & Muthanna, A. (2025). Perceptions and experiences of female academics on barriers in obtaining and continuing leadership roles at higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102534
  • Glass, C., & Cook, A. (2016). Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.09.003
  • Grant, V. (2025). A phenomenological study of the glass ceiling obstacles faced by minority women leaders in healthcare organizations (Doctoral dissertation, South University). South University College of Business.
  • Guest, G., Bunce, A.E., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods, 18, 59- 82
  • Imadoğlu, T., Kurşuncu, R. S., & Çavuş, M. F. (2020). The effect of glass ceiling syndrome on women’s career barriers in management and job motivation. Holistica – Journal of Business and Public Administration, 11(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2020-0016
  • International Labour Office (2015). Women in business and management: Gaining momentum. https://www.ilo.org/publications/women-business-and-management-gaining-momentum (Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025).
  • İpçioğlu, İ., Eğilmez, Ö., & Şen, H. (2018). Cam tavan sendromu: İnsan kaynakları yöneticileri bağlamında bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(25), 686-709. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.460894
  • Jeevanasai, S. A., Saole, P., Rath, A. G., Singh, S., Rai, S., & Kumar, M. (2023). Shades & shines of gender equality with respect to sustainable development goals (SDGs): The environmental performance perspectives. Total Environment Research Themes, 8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.totert.2023.100082
  • Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: Evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
  • Mattis, M.C. (2004). Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling. Women in Management Review, 19(3), 154 – 163. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420410529861
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Kitap.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Nitel veri analizi (S. A. Altun & A. Ersoy, Çev. Ed., 3. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Mouton, J. (2001). How to succeed in your master’s and doctoral studies: A South African guide and resource book. Van Schaik Publishers.
  • National Women’s Law Center. (2020). The wage gap: The who, how, why, and what to do. https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Wage-Gap-Who-how.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2025)
  • Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. Women's Studies International Forum, 98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102723
  • Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev. Ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peng, X.-Y., Fu, Y.-H., & Zou, X.-Y. (2024). Gender equality and green development: A qualitative survey. Innovation and Green Development, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2023.100089
  • Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (2015). The glass ceiling: What have we learned 20 years on? Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(4), 306-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-09-2015-0032
  • Purcell, D., MacArthur, K. R., & Samblanet, S. (2010). Gender and the glass ceiling at work. Sociology Compass, 4(9), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2010.00304.x
  • Ritzer, G., & Ryan, J. M. (Eds.). (2010). The concise encyclopedia of sociology. McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Saba, T., Ozbilgin, M., Ng, E., & Cachat-Rosset, G. (2021). Guest editorial: Ineffectiveness of diversity management: Lack of knowledge, lack of interest or resistance? Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 40(7), 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-09-2021-374
  • Saleem, S., Rafiq, A., & Yusaf, S. (2017). Investigating the glass ceiling phenomenon: An empirical study of glass ceiling’s effects on selection-promotion and female effectiveness. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(3), 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-04-2016-0028
  • Sharif, M. Y. (2015). Glass ceiling, the prime driver of women entrepreneurship in Malaysia: A phenomenological study of women lawyers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 169, 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.317
  • Taamneh, M. M., Al-Okaily, M., Barhem, B., Taamneh, A. M., & Alomari, Z. S. (2024). Examining the influence of gender equality in HRMP on job performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-11-2023-0457
  • United Nations, General Assembly. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981 (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • United Nations, General Assembly Economic and Social Council. (2024). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/report/2024/SG-SDG-Progress-Report-2024-advanced-unedited-version.pdf (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • Zhang, C., & Basha, D. (2023). Women as leaders: The glass ceiling effect on women’s leadership success in public bureaucracies. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(4), 489–503. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-09-2021-0283

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1754 - 1778, 30.09.2025

Fatma Zehra Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520

Abstract

References

  • Alam, M. S., & Shin, D. (2021). A moderated mediation model of employee experienced diversity management: Openness to experience, perceived visible diversity discrimination, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(5), 733-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-06-2019-0286
  • Amon, M. J. (2017). Looking through the glass ceiling: A qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
  • Alparslan, A. M., Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö., & Özgöz, A. (2015). Problems of women workers and gender discrimination in organization. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 2(1), 66-81.
  • Akpinar-Sposito, C. (2013). Career barriers for women executives and the glass ceiling syndrome: The case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 488–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.053
  • Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-12-2016-0282
  • Baxter, J., & Wright, E. O. (2000). The glass ceiling hypothesis: A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society, 14(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124300014002004
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Transl.). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Browers, C.S. & Ho, H.W.L. (2022). Seeing through their eyes: the diversity and inclusion lessons learned from rural university students. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 16(1), 2-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/HEED-12-2020-0053
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Chalermchaikit, V., Kozak, M., & Preudhikulpradab, S. (2024). Gender inclusion: The practices of organizational development and human resource management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103773
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Collischon, M. (2021). Personality traits as a partial explanation for gender wage gaps and glass ceilings. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. 73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100596
  • Dowling, G. (2017). The glass ceiling: Fact or a misguided metaphor? Annals in Social Responsibility, 3(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/ASR-05-2017-0002
  • Dönmez, S., & Tuncay Çelikel, A. (2025). A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome. Social Review of Technology and Change, 3(1), 64-96.
  • Filandri, M., Pasqua, S., & Priori, E. (2023). Breaking through the glass ceiling: Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 88, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101655
  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765031664796
  • Ghundol, B., & Muthanna, A. (2025). Perceptions and experiences of female academics on barriers in obtaining and continuing leadership roles at higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102534
  • Glass, C., & Cook, A. (2016). Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.09.003
  • Grant, V. (2025). A phenomenological study of the glass ceiling obstacles faced by minority women leaders in healthcare organizations (Doctoral dissertation, South University). South University College of Business.
  • Guest, G., Bunce, A.E., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods, 18, 59- 82
  • Imadoğlu, T., Kurşuncu, R. S., & Çavuş, M. F. (2020). The effect of glass ceiling syndrome on women’s career barriers in management and job motivation. Holistica – Journal of Business and Public Administration, 11(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2020-0016
  • International Labour Office (2015). Women in business and management: Gaining momentum. https://www.ilo.org/publications/women-business-and-management-gaining-momentum (Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025).
  • İpçioğlu, İ., Eğilmez, Ö., & Şen, H. (2018). Cam tavan sendromu: İnsan kaynakları yöneticileri bağlamında bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(25), 686-709. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.460894
  • Jeevanasai, S. A., Saole, P., Rath, A. G., Singh, S., Rai, S., & Kumar, M. (2023). Shades & shines of gender equality with respect to sustainable development goals (SDGs): The environmental performance perspectives. Total Environment Research Themes, 8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.totert.2023.100082
  • Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: Evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
  • Mattis, M.C. (2004). Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling. Women in Management Review, 19(3), 154 – 163. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420410529861
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Kitap.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Nitel veri analizi (S. A. Altun & A. Ersoy, Çev. Ed., 3. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Mouton, J. (2001). How to succeed in your master’s and doctoral studies: A South African guide and resource book. Van Schaik Publishers.
  • National Women’s Law Center. (2020). The wage gap: The who, how, why, and what to do. https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Wage-Gap-Who-how.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2025)
  • Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. Women's Studies International Forum, 98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102723
  • Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev. Ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peng, X.-Y., Fu, Y.-H., & Zou, X.-Y. (2024). Gender equality and green development: A qualitative survey. Innovation and Green Development, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2023.100089
  • Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (2015). The glass ceiling: What have we learned 20 years on? Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(4), 306-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-09-2015-0032
  • Purcell, D., MacArthur, K. R., & Samblanet, S. (2010). Gender and the glass ceiling at work. Sociology Compass, 4(9), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2010.00304.x
  • Ritzer, G., & Ryan, J. M. (Eds.). (2010). The concise encyclopedia of sociology. McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Saba, T., Ozbilgin, M., Ng, E., & Cachat-Rosset, G. (2021). Guest editorial: Ineffectiveness of diversity management: Lack of knowledge, lack of interest or resistance? Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 40(7), 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-09-2021-374
  • Saleem, S., Rafiq, A., & Yusaf, S. (2017). Investigating the glass ceiling phenomenon: An empirical study of glass ceiling’s effects on selection-promotion and female effectiveness. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(3), 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-04-2016-0028
  • Sharif, M. Y. (2015). Glass ceiling, the prime driver of women entrepreneurship in Malaysia: A phenomenological study of women lawyers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 169, 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.317
  • Taamneh, M. M., Al-Okaily, M., Barhem, B., Taamneh, A. M., & Alomari, Z. S. (2024). Examining the influence of gender equality in HRMP on job performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-11-2023-0457
  • United Nations, General Assembly. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981 (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • United Nations, General Assembly Economic and Social Council. (2024). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/report/2024/SG-SDG-Progress-Report-2024-advanced-unedited-version.pdf (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • Zhang, C., & Basha, D. (2023). Women as leaders: The glass ceiling effect on women’s leadership success in public bureaucracies. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(4), 489–503. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-09-2021-0283

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1754 - 1778, 30.09.2025

Fatma Zehra Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520

Abstract

References

  • Alam, M. S., & Shin, D. (2021). A moderated mediation model of employee experienced diversity management: Openness to experience, perceived visible diversity discrimination, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(5), 733-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-06-2019-0286
  • Amon, M. J. (2017). Looking through the glass ceiling: A qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
  • Alparslan, A. M., Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö., & Özgöz, A. (2015). Problems of women workers and gender discrimination in organization. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 2(1), 66-81.
  • Akpinar-Sposito, C. (2013). Career barriers for women executives and the glass ceiling syndrome: The case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 488–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.053
  • Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-12-2016-0282
  • Baxter, J., & Wright, E. O. (2000). The glass ceiling hypothesis: A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society, 14(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124300014002004
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Transl.). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Browers, C.S. & Ho, H.W.L. (2022). Seeing through their eyes: the diversity and inclusion lessons learned from rural university students. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 16(1), 2-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/HEED-12-2020-0053
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Chalermchaikit, V., Kozak, M., & Preudhikulpradab, S. (2024). Gender inclusion: The practices of organizational development and human resource management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103773
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Collischon, M. (2021). Personality traits as a partial explanation for gender wage gaps and glass ceilings. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. 73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100596
  • Dowling, G. (2017). The glass ceiling: Fact or a misguided metaphor? Annals in Social Responsibility, 3(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/ASR-05-2017-0002
  • Dönmez, S., & Tuncay Çelikel, A. (2025). A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome. Social Review of Technology and Change, 3(1), 64-96.
  • Filandri, M., Pasqua, S., & Priori, E. (2023). Breaking through the glass ceiling: Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 88, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101655
  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765031664796
  • Ghundol, B., & Muthanna, A. (2025). Perceptions and experiences of female academics on barriers in obtaining and continuing leadership roles at higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102534
  • Glass, C., & Cook, A. (2016). Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.09.003
  • Grant, V. (2025). A phenomenological study of the glass ceiling obstacles faced by minority women leaders in healthcare organizations (Doctoral dissertation, South University). South University College of Business.
  • Guest, G., Bunce, A.E., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods, 18, 59- 82
  • Imadoğlu, T., Kurşuncu, R. S., & Çavuş, M. F. (2020). The effect of glass ceiling syndrome on women’s career barriers in management and job motivation. Holistica – Journal of Business and Public Administration, 11(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2020-0016
  • International Labour Office (2015). Women in business and management: Gaining momentum. https://www.ilo.org/publications/women-business-and-management-gaining-momentum (Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025).
  • İpçioğlu, İ., Eğilmez, Ö., & Şen, H. (2018). Cam tavan sendromu: İnsan kaynakları yöneticileri bağlamında bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(25), 686-709. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.460894
  • Jeevanasai, S. A., Saole, P., Rath, A. G., Singh, S., Rai, S., & Kumar, M. (2023). Shades & shines of gender equality with respect to sustainable development goals (SDGs): The environmental performance perspectives. Total Environment Research Themes, 8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.totert.2023.100082
  • Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: Evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
  • Mattis, M.C. (2004). Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling. Women in Management Review, 19(3), 154 – 163. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420410529861
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Kitap.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Nitel veri analizi (S. A. Altun & A. Ersoy, Çev. Ed., 3. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Mouton, J. (2001). How to succeed in your master’s and doctoral studies: A South African guide and resource book. Van Schaik Publishers.
  • National Women’s Law Center. (2020). The wage gap: The who, how, why, and what to do. https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Wage-Gap-Who-how.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2025)
  • Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. Women's Studies International Forum, 98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102723
  • Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev. Ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peng, X.-Y., Fu, Y.-H., & Zou, X.-Y. (2024). Gender equality and green development: A qualitative survey. Innovation and Green Development, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2023.100089
  • Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (2015). The glass ceiling: What have we learned 20 years on? Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(4), 306-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-09-2015-0032
  • Purcell, D., MacArthur, K. R., & Samblanet, S. (2010). Gender and the glass ceiling at work. Sociology Compass, 4(9), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2010.00304.x
  • Ritzer, G., & Ryan, J. M. (Eds.). (2010). The concise encyclopedia of sociology. McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Saba, T., Ozbilgin, M., Ng, E., & Cachat-Rosset, G. (2021). Guest editorial: Ineffectiveness of diversity management: Lack of knowledge, lack of interest or resistance? Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 40(7), 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-09-2021-374
  • Saleem, S., Rafiq, A., & Yusaf, S. (2017). Investigating the glass ceiling phenomenon: An empirical study of glass ceiling’s effects on selection-promotion and female effectiveness. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(3), 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-04-2016-0028
  • Sharif, M. Y. (2015). Glass ceiling, the prime driver of women entrepreneurship in Malaysia: A phenomenological study of women lawyers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 169, 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.317
  • Taamneh, M. M., Al-Okaily, M., Barhem, B., Taamneh, A. M., & Alomari, Z. S. (2024). Examining the influence of gender equality in HRMP on job performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-11-2023-0457
  • United Nations, General Assembly. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981 (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • United Nations, General Assembly Economic and Social Council. (2024). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/report/2024/SG-SDG-Progress-Report-2024-advanced-unedited-version.pdf (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • Zhang, C., & Basha, D. (2023). Women as leaders: The glass ceiling effect on women’s leadership success in public bureaucracies. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(4), 489–503. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-09-2021-0283

Glass Ceiling: A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Female Employees

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1754 - 1778, 30.09.2025

Fatma Zehra Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520

Abstract

Making women more visible in leadership roles in organisations contributes to a more just and sustainable society by creating an inclusive and diverse work environment. The aim of this study is to examine the experiences of white-collar female employees regarding the glass ceiling syndrome from the perspective of inclusion management. The study aims to understand the invisible barriers that women face in their career development processes, the factors that prevent them from reaching promotion positions and the feelings they feel in this process. In this context, the study questions the role of inclusion in breaking the glass ceiling. The participants of the study consist of white-collar female employees who work/ have worked in organisations in different sectors in Turkey. In this research, participants from different ages, sectors and positions were reached by using purposive sampling method. The data obtained through semi-structured interviews in the research designed with phenomenology design were analysed by content analysis method. Maxqda Analytics Pro was used to visualise the findings. The participants' experiences related to the glass ceiling syndrome were described under the themes of “looking at the glass ceiling, lived experiences, what I felt, causes of the glass ceiling, what happened as a result, breaking the glass ceiling”. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the experiences of female white-collar employees regarding the glass ceiling syndrome are largely shaped by the non-inclusive policies and practices of enterprises and managers. Adopting inclusion policies as an organisational culture is important in breaking the glass ceiling. In the context of inclusive talent management, transparent, fair promotion, performance and reward practices led by the HR department are needed to retain qualified female employees and prevent the glass ceiling. The results of the study show that sustainable HRM practices based on inclusion in organisations can be effective in supporting women to reach leadership positions and combating the glass ceiling. This study highlights the need to develop concrete policies and practices to empower and support female white-collar employees. It emphasises the importance of creating an inclusive work environment that is consistent with gender equality-based sustainability goals.

Keywords

Glass Ceiling Syndrome Inclusion Management Sustainability Career Barriers Qualitative Research

References

  • Alam, M. S., & Shin, D. (2021). A moderated mediation model of employee experienced diversity management: Openness to experience, perceived visible diversity discrimination, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(5), 733-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-06-2019-0286
  • Amon, M. J. (2017). Looking through the glass ceiling: A qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
  • Alparslan, A. M., Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö., & Özgöz, A. (2015). Problems of women workers and gender discrimination in organization. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 2(1), 66-81.
  • Akpinar-Sposito, C. (2013). Career barriers for women executives and the glass ceiling syndrome: The case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 488–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.053
  • Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-12-2016-0282
  • Baxter, J., & Wright, E. O. (2000). The glass ceiling hypothesis: A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society, 14(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124300014002004
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Transl.). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Browers, C.S. & Ho, H.W.L. (2022). Seeing through their eyes: the diversity and inclusion lessons learned from rural university students. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 16(1), 2-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/HEED-12-2020-0053
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Chalermchaikit, V., Kozak, M., & Preudhikulpradab, S. (2024). Gender inclusion: The practices of organizational development and human resource management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103773
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Collischon, M. (2021). Personality traits as a partial explanation for gender wage gaps and glass ceilings. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. 73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100596
  • Dowling, G. (2017). The glass ceiling: Fact or a misguided metaphor? Annals in Social Responsibility, 3(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/ASR-05-2017-0002
  • Dönmez, S., & Tuncay Çelikel, A. (2025). A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome. Social Review of Technology and Change, 3(1), 64-96.
  • Filandri, M., Pasqua, S., & Priori, E. (2023). Breaking through the glass ceiling: Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 88, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101655
  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765031664796
  • Ghundol, B., & Muthanna, A. (2025). Perceptions and experiences of female academics on barriers in obtaining and continuing leadership roles at higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102534
  • Glass, C., & Cook, A. (2016). Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.09.003
  • Grant, V. (2025). A phenomenological study of the glass ceiling obstacles faced by minority women leaders in healthcare organizations (Doctoral dissertation, South University). South University College of Business.
  • Guest, G., Bunce, A.E., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods, 18, 59- 82
  • Imadoğlu, T., Kurşuncu, R. S., & Çavuş, M. F. (2020). The effect of glass ceiling syndrome on women’s career barriers in management and job motivation. Holistica – Journal of Business and Public Administration, 11(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2020-0016
  • International Labour Office (2015). Women in business and management: Gaining momentum. https://www.ilo.org/publications/women-business-and-management-gaining-momentum (Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025).
  • İpçioğlu, İ., Eğilmez, Ö., & Şen, H. (2018). Cam tavan sendromu: İnsan kaynakları yöneticileri bağlamında bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(25), 686-709. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.460894
  • Jeevanasai, S. A., Saole, P., Rath, A. G., Singh, S., Rai, S., & Kumar, M. (2023). Shades & shines of gender equality with respect to sustainable development goals (SDGs): The environmental performance perspectives. Total Environment Research Themes, 8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.totert.2023.100082
  • Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: Evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
  • Mattis, M.C. (2004). Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling. Women in Management Review, 19(3), 154 – 163. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420410529861
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Kitap.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Nitel veri analizi (S. A. Altun & A. Ersoy, Çev. Ed., 3. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Mouton, J. (2001). How to succeed in your master’s and doctoral studies: A South African guide and resource book. Van Schaik Publishers.
  • National Women’s Law Center. (2020). The wage gap: The who, how, why, and what to do. https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Wage-Gap-Who-how.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2025)
  • Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. Women's Studies International Forum, 98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102723
  • Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev. Ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peng, X.-Y., Fu, Y.-H., & Zou, X.-Y. (2024). Gender equality and green development: A qualitative survey. Innovation and Green Development, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2023.100089
  • Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (2015). The glass ceiling: What have we learned 20 years on? Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(4), 306-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-09-2015-0032
  • Purcell, D., MacArthur, K. R., & Samblanet, S. (2010). Gender and the glass ceiling at work. Sociology Compass, 4(9), 705–717. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2010.00304.x
  • Ritzer, G., & Ryan, J. M. (Eds.). (2010). The concise encyclopedia of sociology. McGraw-Hill Companies.
  • Saba, T., Ozbilgin, M., Ng, E., & Cachat-Rosset, G. (2021). Guest editorial: Ineffectiveness of diversity management: Lack of knowledge, lack of interest or resistance? Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 40(7), 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-09-2021-374
  • Saleem, S., Rafiq, A., & Yusaf, S. (2017). Investigating the glass ceiling phenomenon: An empirical study of glass ceiling’s effects on selection-promotion and female effectiveness. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(3), 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-04-2016-0028
  • Sharif, M. Y. (2015). Glass ceiling, the prime driver of women entrepreneurship in Malaysia: A phenomenological study of women lawyers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 169, 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.317
  • Taamneh, M. M., Al-Okaily, M., Barhem, B., Taamneh, A. M., & Alomari, Z. S. (2024). Examining the influence of gender equality in HRMP on job performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-11-2023-0457
  • United Nations, General Assembly. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981 (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • United Nations, General Assembly Economic and Social Council. (2024). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/files/report/2024/SG-SDG-Progress-Report-2024-advanced-unedited-version.pdf (Erişim Tarihi 05.04.2025)
  • Zhang, C., & Basha, D. (2023). Women as leaders: The glass ceiling effect on women’s leadership success in public bureaucracies. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(4), 489–503. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-09-2021-0283

Cam Tavan: Kadın Çalışanların Deneyimlerine İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1754 - 1778, 30.09.2025

Fatma Zehra Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520

Abstract

İşletmelerde kadınların liderlik rollerinde daha görünür hale gelmesi, kapsayıcı ve çeşitliliğe dayalı bir iş ortamı oluşturarak daha adil ve sürdürülebilir bir topluma katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, beyaz yakalı kadın çalışanların cam tavan sendromu ile ilgili deneyimlerini kapsayıcılık yönetimi perspektifinden değerlendirerek incelemektir. Çalışma, kadınların kariyer gelişim süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları görünmez engelleri, terfi pozisyonlarına ulaşmalarını engelleyen faktörleri ve bu süreçte hissettiklerini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, cam tavanın kırılmasında kapsayıcılığın rolünü sorgulamaktadır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Türkiye’de farklı sektörlerdeki işletmelerde çalışan/çalışmış olan beyaz yakalı kadın çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, farklı yaş, sektör ve pozisyonlardan katılımcılara amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak ulaşılmıştır. Fenomenoloji deseniyle tasarlanan araştırmada yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar ile elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulguların görselleştirilmesinde Maxqda Analytics Pro kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların cam tavan sendromuna ilişkin deneyimleri “cam tavana bakmak, yaşanmış deneyimler, ne hissettim, cam tavanın sebepleri, sonucunda ne oldu, cam tavanı kırmak” temalarında betimlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, kadın beyaz yakalı çalışanların cam tavan sendromuna ilişkin deneyimlerinin, büyük ölçüde işletmelerin ve yöneticilerin kapsayıcı olmayan politika ve uygulamaları tarafından şekillendiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Cam tavanın kırılmasında kapsayıcılık politikalarının örgüt kültürü olarak benimsenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Kapsayıcı yetenek yönetimi bağlamında nitelikli kadın çalışanların elde tutulması ve cam tavanın engellenmesi için İK departmanın öncülük ettiği şeffaf, adil terfi, performans ve ödüllendirme uygulamalarına gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuçları, işletmelerde kapsayıcılığa dayalı sürdürülebilir İKY uygulamalarının kadınların liderlik pozisyonlarına ulaşmalarını desteklemede ve cam tavanla mücadelede etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, beyaz yakalı kadın çalışanların güçlendirilmesi ve desteklenmesine yönelik somut politika ve uygulamaların geliştirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, cinsiyet eşitliği temelli sürdürülebilirlik amaçlarıyla uyumlu, kapsayıcı bir çalışma ortamının oluşturulmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Cam Tavan Sendromu Kapsayıcılık Yönetimi Sürdürülebilirlik Kariyer Engelleri Nitel Araştırma

Ethical Statement

Bu araştırma için Tarsus Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Etik Komisyonu’ndan 2024/44 karar sayılı ve 16/05/2024 tarihli etik kurul kararı alınmıştır. Bu araştırma, bilimsel araştırmalarda etik ilkelere uygun biçimde yürütülmüştür.

Supporting Institution

Yoktur

Thanks

Yoktur.

References

  • Alam, M. S., & Shin, D. (2021). A moderated mediation model of employee experienced diversity management: Openness to experience, perceived visible diversity discrimination, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Manpower, 42(5), 733-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-06-2019-0286
  • Amon, M. J. (2017). Looking through the glass ceiling: A qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
  • Alparslan, A. M., Çetinkaya Bozkurt, Ö., & Özgöz, A. (2015). Problems of women workers and gender discrimination in organization. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 2(1), 66-81.
  • Akpinar-Sposito, C. (2013). Career barriers for women executives and the glass ceiling syndrome: The case study comparison between French and Turkish women executives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 488–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.053
  • Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-12-2016-0282
  • Baxter, J., & Wright, E. O. (2000). The glass ceiling hypothesis: A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society, 14(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124300014002004
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Transl.). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Browers, C.S. & Ho, H.W.L. (2022). Seeing through their eyes: the diversity and inclusion lessons learned from rural university students. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 16(1), 2-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/HEED-12-2020-0053
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Chalermchaikit, V., Kozak, M., & Preudhikulpradab, S. (2024). Gender inclusion: The practices of organizational development and human resource management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103773
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Collischon, M. (2021). Personality traits as a partial explanation for gender wage gaps and glass ceilings. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. 73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100596
  • Dowling, G. (2017). The glass ceiling: Fact or a misguided metaphor? Annals in Social Responsibility, 3(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/ASR-05-2017-0002
  • Dönmez, S., & Tuncay Çelikel, A. (2025). A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome. Social Review of Technology and Change, 3(1), 64-96.
  • Filandri, M., Pasqua, S., & Priori, E. (2023). Breaking through the glass ceiling: Simulating policies to close the gender gap in the Italian academia. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 88, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101655
  • Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business & Society, 57(5), 863–889. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765031664796
  • Ghundol, B., & Muthanna, A. (2025). Perceptions and experiences of female academics on barriers in obtaining and continuing leadership roles at higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, 130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102534
  • Glass, C., & Cook, A. (2016). Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.09.003
  • Grant, V. (2025). A phenomenological study of the glass ceiling obstacles faced by minority women leaders in healthcare organizations (Doctoral dissertation, South University). South University College of Business.
  • Guest, G., Bunce, A.E., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods, 18, 59- 82
  • Imadoğlu, T., Kurşuncu, R. S., & Çavuş, M. F. (2020). The effect of glass ceiling syndrome on women’s career barriers in management and job motivation. Holistica – Journal of Business and Public Administration, 11(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2020-0016
  • International Labour Office (2015). Women in business and management: Gaining momentum. https://www.ilo.org/publications/women-business-and-management-gaining-momentum (Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025).
  • İpçioğlu, İ., Eğilmez, Ö., & Şen, H. (2018). Cam tavan sendromu: İnsan kaynakları yöneticileri bağlamında bir araştırma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(25), 686-709. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.460894
  • Jeevanasai, S. A., Saole, P., Rath, A. G., Singh, S., Rai, S., & Kumar, M. (2023). Shades & shines of gender equality with respect to sustainable development goals (SDGs): The environmental performance perspectives. Total Environment Research Themes, 8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.totert.2023.100082
  • Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: Evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
  • Mattis, M.C. (2004). Women entrepreneurs: out from under the glass ceiling. Women in Management Review, 19(3), 154 – 163. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420410529861
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Kitap.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Nitel veri analizi (S. A. Altun & A. Ersoy, Çev. Ed., 3. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Mouton, J. (2001). How to succeed in your master’s and doctoral studies: A South African guide and resource book. Van Schaik Publishers.
  • National Women’s Law Center. (2020). The wage gap: The who, how, why, and what to do. https://nwlc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Wage-Gap-Who-how.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2025)
  • Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. Women's Studies International Forum, 98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102723
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Strategy, Management and Organisational Behaviour (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatma Zehra Yıldız 0000-0002-0631-6589

Early Pub Date September 16, 2025
Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date May 22, 2025
Acceptance Date September 6, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yıldız, F. Z. (2025). Cam Tavan: Kadın Çalışanların Deneyimlerine İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(3), 1754-1778. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1704520
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