Hibrit Biyofilm Aktif Çamur Sistemleri ile Kentsel Atıksulardan Organik Karbon, Azot ve Fosfor Giderimi: Yenilikçi Hibrit Biyofilm Reaktör Sistemi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 47 - 54, 02.06.2023

Hayrettin Güçlü İnsel , Didem Güven , Dilşad Soylu , Gökşin Özyıldız , Gülsüm Emel Zengin Balcı , Emine Çokgör

Öz

Hibrit biyofilm aktif çamur sistemleri, hem enerji verimliliği, hem biyolojik arıtma ünitelerinin kapasitesini artırarak alandan tasarruf sağlaması, hem de konvansiyonel aktif çamur sistemlerinin ve biyofilm proseslerinin kısıtlarını ortadan kaldırarak değişken çevre koşullarına dayanıklılığı nedeniyle giderek yaygın hale gelmektedir. Hibrit sistemler konvansiyonel sistemlere göre daha yüksek verimle biyolojik azot ve fosfor giderimini sağlayacak konfigürasyonlarda tasarlanabilmekte ve işletilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın ilk bölümünde konvansiyonel aktif çamur sistemlerinin geliştirilmesinde ve tasarımında kullanılan hibrit biyofilm sistemlerinin uygulama esasları değerlendirilmiştir. Özellikle dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılan Entegre Sabit-Film Aktif Çamur (Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge: IFAS) sistemlerinin tipleri, uygulama şekilleri ve tasarım esasları ile ilgili bilgiler sunulmuştur. Çalışmada ayrıca, bu sistemlerin tasarımında kullanılan özgül yükleme hızları özetlenmiş ve reaktör tasarımına yönelik reaktör hidroliği, biyofilm destek malzemesi özellikleri ve kullanım şekli ile çözünmüş oksijen seviyesi gibi tasarım ve işletme özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Farklı kentsel atıksu arıtma tesislerinde uygulanan hibrit IFAS sistemlerinde kullanılan dolgu malzemesi ve konfigürasyona göre çıkış kaliteleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise hibrit konfigürasyon ve biyo-flokülasyon yoluyla organik madde giderimini ve nitrifikasyonu aynı anda iyileştirmeyi hedefleyen patentli “Yenilikçi Biyofilm Nitrifikasyon Kontakt Denitrifikasyon Prosesi”nin örnek uygulaması incelenmiştir. Patentli proses konvansiyonel sistemlerle karşılaştırılmış ve üstün yönleri ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hibrit prosesler, Biyofilm, özgül yükleme hızı, Nitrifikasyon, biyofilm kalınlığı, MBBR

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

117Y087

Kaynakça

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