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Chiquita Şirketince Işlenen İnsanlığa Karşı Suçların Soruşturmasında İzlenebilecek Stratejiye İlişkin Yol Haritası

Year 2016, Volume: 48 Issue: 65, 31 - 51, 12.12.2016

Abstract

Bu politika metni, Kolombiya’da insanlığa karşı dolaylı olarak suç işlemiş olan Chiquita Brands International şirketi yöneticilerinin yargılanması ve sonunda cezaya mahkum edilmesine yönelik stratejik bir savunma içeren ve akademik camiayı, sivil toplum gruplarını ve Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’ni de kapsayan  bir yol haritası çizmektedir. Makalemizde sözkonusu şirket yöneticilerinin Kolombiya’da insanlığa karşı dolaylı da olsa suç işledikleri ve çatışmayı derinleştirdikleri tespiti yapılmış, ancak şirketin henüz uygulama safhasında olan ve müzakereleri devam eden geçiş dönemi yerel adalet mekanizmaları önünde gerçek anlamda sorumlu tutulmasının pek mümkün görülmediği vurgulanmış, bu cihetle bahsekonu soruşturmanın Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi Savcısı tarafından açılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Burada temel önermemiz, insanlığa karşı işlenen suçların doğrudan faillerine ilaveten, bilerek bu suçların işlenmesini finanse eden ve gerekli şartları hazırlayan dolaylı faillerinin de sorumlu tutulması gerektiğidir.

References

  • Aljazeera, Breaking down genocide in Myanmar, available at http://www. aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/breaking-genocide-myanmar-151025133708542.html
  • Case No. 22813 (Supreme Court, Penal Chamber, March 30, 2006) (Colom.).
  • CHIQUITA BRANDS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 2006 ANNUAL REPORT, available at http://investors.chiquita.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=119836&p=irol-reportsannual
  • Colectivo de Abogados José Alvear Restrepo and Corporación Jurídica Libertad, Crímenes de Chiquita Brands siguen impunes en Colombia (Jun. 22, 2015), available at http://www. colectivodeabogados.org/?Crimenes-de-Chiquita-Brandssiguen-impunes-en-Colombia Doe v. Nestle, 766 F.3d 1017.
  • George Washington Law School, The Chiquita Papers, available at http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB340/
  • EarthRights International, “ERI Launches New Lawsuit Against Chiquita for Funding, Arming, and Supporting Colombian Terrorists”, July 19, 2007, available at http://www. earthrights.org/legal/eri-launches-new-lawsuit-againstchiquita-funding-arming-and-supporting-colombianterrorists
  • Eric Johnson, “Blood Diamonds” (Stanford University ed.), available at http://web.stanford.edu/class/e297a/Conflict%20in%20 Sierra%20Leone.htm
  • INDEPAZ, Cartografía del Conflicto: Narcoparamilitares y Guerrilla, in PUNTO DE ENCUENTRO (March 2012) available at http://ediciones.indepaz.org.co/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/No.58-Punto-De-Encuentro.pdf.
  • Invisible Children, The Warlord. Joseph Kony, available at http://invisiblechildren.com/conflict/kony/
  • Laurie Cohen, Ex-Chiquita Director Faces Legal Jeopardy in Wall Street Journal (August 2, 2007) available at http://online.wsj. com/articles/SB118601669056785578.
  • Nicholas S. Briggs, Conflict Diamonds in West Africa (Stanford University ed.), available atlhttp://web.stanford.edu/class/ e297a/Conflict%20diamonds%20in%20West%20Africa. htm
  • Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Interim Report: Situation in Colombia, November 2012.
  • Office of the Prosecutor, Statement of the Prosecutor on the Agreement on the Creation of a Special Jurisdiction for Peace in Colombia, September 24, 2015.
  • Penal Code, L. 599 of 2000 July 24, 2000, D.O. 44097 (Colom.), arts. 340, 84.
  • Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal, Sentencia (July, 21-23, 2008), available at http://www.colectivodeabogados.org/?DICTAMENFINAL-AUDIENCIA-TRIBUNAL
  • Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal, THE EUROPEAN UNION AND TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA (2010), available at http://www.enlazandoalternativas.org/IMG/pdf/TPP-verdict.pdf
  • Prosecutor v. Saifal-Islam Gaddafi & Abdullah al-Senussi, Case No. ICC01/11-01/11.
  • Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations, International Criminal Court-the Office of the Prosecutor, November 2013.
  • ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT, 2187 U.N.T.S. 90, Article 15, entered into force July 1, 2002 [“Rome Statute”].
  • Situation in the Republic of Kenya, Decision Pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute on the Authorization of an Investigation into the Situation in the Republic of Kenya, ICC-01/09-19Corr, 31 March 2010.
  • Stephen M. Walt, “International relations: one world, many theories.” Foreign policy (1998): 29-46.
  • Terrorist Organization Profile: Self-Defense Groups of Cordoba and Uraba (ACCU), available at http://www.start.umd.edu/ tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=109.
  • U.S. Department of Justice, Plea Agreement (March 13, 2007) available at http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB340/20070313_sentencing_memo.pdf
  • Verified Consolidated Shareholder Derivative Complaint (March 19, 2007), US District Court, Southern District of Florida No. 08-01916-MD-MARRA/JOHNSON available at http:// www.law.du.edu/documents/corporate-governance/international-corporate-governance/in-re-chiquita-verified.pdf

Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes

Year 2016, Volume: 48 Issue: 65, 31 - 51, 12.12.2016

Abstract

This policy paper draws up a roadmap to conduct strategic advocacy aiming to engage partners from the academic and public interest field, as well as the International Criminal Court (ICC) to investigate, prosecute and eventually convict corporate executives of Chiquita Brands International who indirectly perpetrated crimes against humanity in Colombia and remain at large. We conclude that the Prosecutor of the ICC should open an investigation on the foreign corporate executives who indirectly perpetrated crimes and fueled the conflict in Colombia but cannot genuinely be tried by the domestic transitional justice currently under implementation and negotiation in Colombia. Our idea is to include corporate executives in the concept of most responsible perpetrators of atrocity crimes, thereby empowering victims to pursue justice not only against direct perpetrators but especially against those who knowingly sponsored and represented a necessary condition of the crimes.


References

  • Aljazeera, Breaking down genocide in Myanmar, available at http://www. aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/breaking-genocide-myanmar-151025133708542.html
  • Case No. 22813 (Supreme Court, Penal Chamber, March 30, 2006) (Colom.).
  • CHIQUITA BRANDS INTERNATIONAL, INC. 2006 ANNUAL REPORT, available at http://investors.chiquita.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=119836&p=irol-reportsannual
  • Colectivo de Abogados José Alvear Restrepo and Corporación Jurídica Libertad, Crímenes de Chiquita Brands siguen impunes en Colombia (Jun. 22, 2015), available at http://www. colectivodeabogados.org/?Crimenes-de-Chiquita-Brandssiguen-impunes-en-Colombia Doe v. Nestle, 766 F.3d 1017.
  • George Washington Law School, The Chiquita Papers, available at http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB340/
  • EarthRights International, “ERI Launches New Lawsuit Against Chiquita for Funding, Arming, and Supporting Colombian Terrorists”, July 19, 2007, available at http://www. earthrights.org/legal/eri-launches-new-lawsuit-againstchiquita-funding-arming-and-supporting-colombianterrorists
  • Eric Johnson, “Blood Diamonds” (Stanford University ed.), available at http://web.stanford.edu/class/e297a/Conflict%20in%20 Sierra%20Leone.htm
  • INDEPAZ, Cartografía del Conflicto: Narcoparamilitares y Guerrilla, in PUNTO DE ENCUENTRO (March 2012) available at http://ediciones.indepaz.org.co/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/No.58-Punto-De-Encuentro.pdf.
  • Invisible Children, The Warlord. Joseph Kony, available at http://invisiblechildren.com/conflict/kony/
  • Laurie Cohen, Ex-Chiquita Director Faces Legal Jeopardy in Wall Street Journal (August 2, 2007) available at http://online.wsj. com/articles/SB118601669056785578.
  • Nicholas S. Briggs, Conflict Diamonds in West Africa (Stanford University ed.), available atlhttp://web.stanford.edu/class/ e297a/Conflict%20diamonds%20in%20West%20Africa. htm
  • Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Interim Report: Situation in Colombia, November 2012.
  • Office of the Prosecutor, Statement of the Prosecutor on the Agreement on the Creation of a Special Jurisdiction for Peace in Colombia, September 24, 2015.
  • Penal Code, L. 599 of 2000 July 24, 2000, D.O. 44097 (Colom.), arts. 340, 84.
  • Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal, Sentencia (July, 21-23, 2008), available at http://www.colectivodeabogados.org/?DICTAMENFINAL-AUDIENCIA-TRIBUNAL
  • Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal, THE EUROPEAN UNION AND TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA (2010), available at http://www.enlazandoalternativas.org/IMG/pdf/TPP-verdict.pdf
  • Prosecutor v. Saifal-Islam Gaddafi & Abdullah al-Senussi, Case No. ICC01/11-01/11.
  • Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations, International Criminal Court-the Office of the Prosecutor, November 2013.
  • ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT, 2187 U.N.T.S. 90, Article 15, entered into force July 1, 2002 [“Rome Statute”].
  • Situation in the Republic of Kenya, Decision Pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute on the Authorization of an Investigation into the Situation in the Republic of Kenya, ICC-01/09-19Corr, 31 March 2010.
  • Stephen M. Walt, “International relations: one world, many theories.” Foreign policy (1998): 29-46.
  • Terrorist Organization Profile: Self-Defense Groups of Cordoba and Uraba (ACCU), available at http://www.start.umd.edu/ tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=109.
  • U.S. Department of Justice, Plea Agreement (March 13, 2007) available at http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB340/20070313_sentencing_memo.pdf
  • Verified Consolidated Shareholder Derivative Complaint (March 19, 2007), US District Court, Southern District of Florida No. 08-01916-MD-MARRA/JOHNSON available at http:// www.law.du.edu/documents/corporate-governance/international-corporate-governance/in-re-chiquita-verified.pdf
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Yasir Gökçe This is me 0000-0001-5329-4178

Juan P. Calderon-meza This is me

Publication Date December 12, 2016
Submission Date December 12, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 48 Issue: 65

Cite

APA Gökçe, Y., & Calderon-meza, J. P. (2016). Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes. Annales De La Faculté De Droit d’Istanbul, 48(65), 31-51.
AMA Gökçe Y, Calderon-meza JP. Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes. Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul. December 2016;48(65):31-51.
Chicago Gökçe, Yasir, and Juan P. Calderon-meza. “Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes”. Annales De La Faculté De Droit d’Istanbul 48, no. 65 (December 2016): 31-51.
EndNote Gökçe Y, Calderon-meza JP (December 1, 2016) Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes. Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul 48 65 31–51.
IEEE Y. Gökçe and J. P. Calderon-meza, “Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes”, Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul, vol. 48, no. 65, pp. 31–51, 2016.
ISNAD Gökçe, Yasir - Calderon-meza, Juan P. “Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes”. Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul 48/65 (December 2016), 31-51.
JAMA Gökçe Y, Calderon-meza JP. Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes. Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul. 2016;48:31–51.
MLA Gökçe, Yasir and Juan P. Calderon-meza. “Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes”. Annales De La Faculté De Droit d’Istanbul, vol. 48, no. 65, 2016, pp. 31-51.
Vancouver Gökçe Y, Calderon-meza JP. Roadmap on Advocacy Strategy to Prosecute Chiquita’s Atrocity Crimes. Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul. 2016;48(65):31-5.