Armenia's Military Aggression Against Azerbaijan: Violation of the Rights of Captives and Hostages

Year 2020, , 55 - 73, 30.03.2020

Ramile Behlül Kızı Dadaşova

https://doi.org/10.26650/jes.2020.004

Abstract

International documents are important mechanism for protecting the rights of citizens in armed conflicts, and these documents can help the UN Security Council to protect human rights. International humanitarian law is reflected in three documents: 1907 The Hague Conventions respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex, Protocol Additional to the Geneva conventions of 12 August 1949, and 1977 Geneva conventions relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I) and other international law’s documents reflecting the principle of respect for human rights. These international conventions have repeatedly been violated by Armenia, which is a member of the UN. According to the information of the State Commission of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Prisoners of War, Hostages and Missing Persons dated February 1, 2019, the number of missing persons registered by the State Committee is 3,888. Most of these people were killed in Armenian captivity, committed suicide because of torture, illness, and the rest were hidden by Armenians and being used in heavy physical work in Armenia and occupied Azerbaijani territories. As a universal organization, the UN Security Council can force Armenia to comply with international humanitarian law. Referring to resolutions adopted by the UN Security Council, the International Criminal Tribunal for Khojaly should be established and criminals should be punished. The International Court of Justice Commission can be established to regulate legal matters concerning criminals and this Commission should cooperate closely with the International Court of Justice, the Human Rights Council, the Compensation Commission, and conduct joint investigations.

Keywords

Geneva conventions, captives, Khojaly genocide, hostages, international humanitarian law

Ermenistan'ın Azerbaycan'a Karşı Askeri Saldırısı: Esir ve Rehinelerin Haklarının İhlali

Abstract

Uluslararası belgeler, vatandaşların silahlı çatışmalardaki haklarını korumak için önemli bir mekanizmalar olup ve bu belgeler Güvenlik Konseyi'nin insan haklarını korumasına yardımcı olabilir. Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukuku ağırlıklı olarak üç belgede yansıtılmaktadır: 1907 Kara Harbinin Kanunları ve Adetlerine Dair Lahey Sözleşmesi ve ekleri, 12 Ağustos 1949 tarihli Cenevre sözleşmelerine ek Protokol ve 1977 tarihli Uluslararası Silahlı Çatışmalarda Mağdurların Korunmasına Dair Cenevre sözleşmeleri (Protokol I) ve diğer uluslararası hukukun insan haklarına saygı ilkesini yansıtan diğer belgeleri. Söz konusu uluslararası sözleşmeler, BM üyesi olan Ermenistan tarafından defalarca ihlal edilmiştir. Savaş Esirleri, Rehinler ve Kayıp Kişilerle ilgili Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti Devlet Komisyonu’nun 1 Şubat 2019 tarihli raporuna göre kayıp kişi sayısı 3888 kişidir. Bu insanların çoğu Ermeni esareti altında öldürülmüş, işkenceye, hastalıklara dayanamayarak intihar etmiş, geri kalanlar Ermeniler tarafından esir tutulmakta ve Ermenistan'da ve Azerbaycan'ın işgal altındaki bölgelerinde ağır fiziksel işlerde kullanılmaktadır. Evrensel bir örgüt olarak BM Güvenlik Konseyi Ermenistan'ı uluslararası insancıl hukuka uymaya zorlayabilir. BM Güvenlik Konseyi tarafından alınan kararlara atıfta bulunarak, Hocalı için Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi kurulmalı ve suçlular cezalandırılmalıdır. Suçlularla ilgili yasal hususları düzenlemek için Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Komisyonu kurulabilir ve bu Komisyon Uluslararası Adalet Divanı, İnsan Hakları Konseyi, Tazminat Komisyonu ile yakın işbirliği yaparak ve ortak soruşturmalar yürütebilir.

Keywords

Cenevre sözleşmeleri, esirler, Hocalı soykırımı, rehineler, uluslararası insancıl hukuk

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