İklim Değişikliğiyle Mücadelede Bir Araç Olarak Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Hukuku

Year 2022, , 339 - 366, 31.12.2022

Cüneyt Yüksel

https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2022-1171800

Abstract

İklim değişikliğinin olumsuz etkileri her geçen gün kendini daha fazla hissettirmektedir. Üstelik mevcut durumun devam etmesi halinde bu olumsuz etkilerin daha da artacağından endişe edilmektedir. Küresel bir sorun olan iklim değişikliğinin barındırdığı bu risklerin insan hakları açısından önemli sonuçları olacağı aşikardır. Bu çerçevede, özellikle son yıllarda, iklim değişikliği ve bu tehditle mücadelede alınan yahut alınması gereken önlemlerin insan hakları odaklı bir yaklaşımla değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. Gerçekten de uluslararası hukukun insan haklarının korunması bağlamında oluşturduğu mekanizmaların etkin kullanımı iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz sonuçlarının en aza indirgenmesinde önemli rol oynaması beklenebilir. Lakin iklim değişikliği ve insan hakları arasındaki etkileşimin kendine özgü niteliği çözümlenmesi gereken bazı tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Avrupa Konseyi ve Birleşmiş Milletler bünyesinde bu anlamda yaşanan gelişmeler incelenerek uluslararası hukukun karşılaştığı bu yeni mücadelede benimsenen yaklaşım değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

İnsan hakları, İklim değişikliği, Uluslararası hukuk, Avrupa Konseyi, Birleşmiş Milletler

International Human Rights Law as a Mechanism for Coping with Climate Change

Abstract

The negative impacts of climate change emerge more intensely with each day. Moreover, the fear is that these negative effects will further increase if the current situation continues as is. The risks brought about by global climate change will obviously have important consequences on human rights. In this context, climate change and the measures that are or will be taken for coping with this threat are seen to have been evaluated within a human rights-oriented approach, especially in recent years. Indeed, the effective use of mechanisms established by international law for the purpose of protecting human rights can be anticipated to play an important role in minimizing the negative impacts of climate change. However, the unique nature of the relationship between climate change and human rights brings with it some debates that need to be resolved. This article concerns itself with the approach adopted in this new challenge encountered by international law through an analysis of the developments observed through the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, the policy-making processes of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, and the United Nations.

Keywords

Human rights, climate change, international law, Council of Europe, United Nations

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