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Marx’ta Değer: Bir Grundrisse Okuması

Year 2024, , 64 - 72, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1469484

Abstract

Marx’ın değer kavramı birtakım eleştirilerin hedefi olmuştur. Robinson, kavramın tuhaf ve muğlak olduğunu savunmaktadır; buna göre değer metaların fiyatlarını açıklamayı amaçladığı için kendisi de bir tür fiyat olmalıdır, ancak değer fiyat değildir. Bu nedenle Robinson değer kavramının bir anlamı olmadığını savlamaktadır. Ayrıca Harvey’e göre Marx Grundrisse’de değer ile fiyatı birbirine karıştırmıştır. Bana öyle gelmektedir ki hem Robinson’un eleştirisi hem de Harvey’in söz konusu yorumu bazı ciddi yanlış anlamalara dayanmaktadır. Bu makalede, birinci olarak, Marx’ın Darimon’un zaman çekleri önerisi hakkındaki eleştirisini analiz edeceğim. Bu eleştirinin ana fikri şudur ki, Marx’a göre, üretim ilişkileri bir önceliğe sahip bulunmaktadır ve Darimon’unki gibi bir parasal reform devrimci bir değişimden beklenen işlevi yerine getirmek bakımından başarısız olmaktadır. Buna binaen zaman çekleri önemsiz bir mertebeye inmektedir. İkinci olarak, Marx’ın “çakışmama tezi” adını verdiğim şeyin yeniden bir inşasını önermekteyim. Bu tez değer ile fiyat arasında üstgelim ilişkisinin mevcut olduğunu belirtmektedir. Marx Darimon’un bu tezden bihaber olduğunu ve bunun neticesinde Darimon’un önerisinin bu ikisinin çakışık olduğu yanılgısına dayandığını söylemektedir. Dolayısıyla savunmaktayım ki Harvey’in iddiasının yanıltıcı olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır çünkü Grundrisse’de dile getirilen “çakışmama tezi”ni gözden kaçırmaktadır. Ve Robinson’un değer kavramı hakkındaki suçlaması bir kenara bırakılmalıdır çünkü onun anlayışı değer ile fiyat arasındaki iki katmanlı ontolojik yapıyı göz ardı etmesi bakımından Darimon’un anlayışı ile büyük ölçüde benzerlik taşımaktadır.

References

  • Choat, Simon. Marx’s ‘Grundrisse’: A Reader’s Guide. Fakenham: Bloomsbury, 2016. google scholar
  • Cohen, Gerald Allan. Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence, Expanded Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. google scholar
  • Eagleton, Terry. “Base and Superstructure Revisited,” New Literary History 31 no. 2 (2000): 231-240, google scholar
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  • Harvey, David. A Companion to Marx’s Grundrisse. New York: Verso Books, 2023. google scholar
  • Hunt, Emery Kay. “Joan Robinson and the labour theory of value.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 7 no. 3-4 (1983): 331-342. google scholar
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Value in Marx: A Reading of the Grundrisse

Year 2024, , 64 - 72, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1469484

Abstract

Marx’s concept of value has been subject to significant criticism. Robinson argues that the concept is awkward and obscure, as it is meant to explain the prices of commodities and thus must be a kind of price, but it is not. Consequently, Robinson holds that the concept of value makes no sense. Furthermore, according to Harvey, Marx in the Grundrisse confuses value with price. It seems to me that both Robinson’s criticism and Harvey’s exegesis are based on serious misunderstandings. In this article, I first unpack Marx’s criticism of Darimon’s proposal concerning time chits. The upshot is that, for Marx, production relations enjoy a priority, and a monetary reform like Darimon’s cannot fulfill the function of revolutionary change. So, time chits become a triviality. Second, I suggest a reconstruction of what I call Marx’s “nonconvergency thesis.” The thesis states that there is a supervenience between value and price. Marx says that Darimon is ignorant about this thesis, and his proposal relies on the delusion that the two are convergent. Therefore, I maintain that Harvey’s claim is misleading, as he overlooks the nonconvergency thesis articulated in the Grundrisse. And Robinson’s condemnation of the concept of value should be dismissed because her understanding is very much the same as Darimon’s, in that she ignores the two-layered ontological structure between value and price.

References

  • Choat, Simon. Marx’s ‘Grundrisse’: A Reader’s Guide. Fakenham: Bloomsbury, 2016. google scholar
  • Cohen, Gerald Allan. Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence, Expanded Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. google scholar
  • Eagleton, Terry. “Base and Superstructure Revisited,” New Literary History 31 no. 2 (2000): 231-240, google scholar
  • Ervin, Jarek Paul. “Rethinking base and superstructure, yet again.” Critique Journal of Socialist Theory 48 no. 4 (2021): 369-385. google scholar
  • Harvey, David. A Companion to Marx’s Grundrisse. New York: Verso Books, 2023. google scholar
  • Hunt, Emery Kay. “Joan Robinson and the labour theory of value.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 7 no. 3-4 (1983): 331-342. google scholar
  • Kim, Jaegwon. “Concepts of Supervenience.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 45 no. 2 (1984): 153-176. google scholar
  • Laclau, Ernesto. & Mouffe. Chantal. Hegemony & Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London: Verso Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Langton, Rae. Kantian Humility, Our Ignorance of Things in Themselves. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. google scholar
  • Marx, Karl. “On the Jewish Question.” Early Writings. Trans. Rodney Livingstone & Gregor Benton, 211-241. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Marx, Karl. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume One. Trans. Ben Fowkes. London: Penguin Books, 1992. google scholar
  • Marx, Karl. Grundrisse: Foundations of the Critique of Political Economy. Trans. Martin Nicolaus. London: Penguin Books, 1993. google scholar
  • Nelson, Anitra. Marx’s Concept of Money, The God of Commodities. London: Routledge, 1999. google scholar
  • Robinson, Joan. Economic Philosophy. New York: Routledge, 2021. google scholar
  • Robinson, Joan. An Essay on Marxian Economics. Thetford: Macmillan, 1966. google scholar
  • Rosdolsky, Roman. The Making of Marx’s ‘Capital’. Trans. Pete Burgess. Bristol: Pluto Press, 1977. google scholar
  • Zizek, Slavoj. “Class Struggle or Postmodernism? Yes, Please!” Contingency, Hegemony, Universality, Contemporary Dialogues on the Left, 90-135. New York: Verso Books, 2000. google scholar
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects History of Philosophy (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kutlu Tuncel 0000-0002-8669-9160

Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date April 16, 2024
Acceptance Date December 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Chicago Tuncel, Kutlu. “Value in Marx: A Reading of the Grundrisse”. Felsefe Arkivi, no. 61 (December 2024): 64-72. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1469484.