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Bacterial Diversity of the Corpses

Year 2024, , 106 - 116, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/EurJBiol.2024.1441286

Abstract

The study presents the importance of forensic bacteriology, its use in forensic cases, the methods for bacteriological sampling from corpses, the types and species of bacteria isolated from human and pig corpses, which are most commonly used in forensic biology. The microbial changes that occur after death remain unclear. Postmortem microbiology is a relatively new field of research. After death, the failure of the immune system and other physical barriers leads to the proliferation and spread of microbes. In order for bacteriological information to be accepted within the scope of forensic bacteriology, the court must find suspicion to be present about whether the bacteria seen on the body will contribute to solving the case. Experts must be appointed to examine the issue in line with this suspicion, and these experts must prepare and submit their reports to the court at the requested time. When considering the literature studies, forensic bacteriology has been suggested to be a scientific discipline in the developmental stage and to only be able to provide circumstantial evidence in forensic cases as opposed to primary evidence. According to the literature review, most bacterial studies isolated from corpses were conducted in Romania. Although bacterial samples were isolated from various parts of the corpses, bacteria were mostly isolated from their blood samples. According to literature searches from various scientific journal databases, no study has occurred with a list of the bacteria isolated from corpses. This study is thought to be able to fill this important gap.

Ethical Statement

No needs ethical document.

Supporting Institution

This research was not financially supported by any organization.

References

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  • Lehman DC. Forensic Microbiology. Clin Lab Sci. 2012;25:114-119. google scholar
  • Tranchida MC, Pelizza SA, EHades LA. The use of fungi in foren-sic science, a brief overview. Can Soc Forensic Sci J. 2021;54: 35-48. google scholar
  • Yıldız SS. Ülkemizdeki adli vakalarda palinolojinin kullanımı ve yararları (Usage and benefits of palynology in forensic cases in our country). PhD Thesis. Ankara. XVI + 128 pp. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bil Enst, 2021. google scholar
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  • Sidrim JJC, Moreira Filho RE, Cordeiro RA, et al. Fungal mi-crobiota dynamics as a postmortem investigation tool: Focus on Aspergillus, Penicillium and Candida species. J Appl Microbiol. 2010;108:1751-1756. google scholar
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  • Tang RK, Liu Y, Liu YZ, et al. Evaluation of post-mortem heart blood culture in a Chinese population. Forensic Sci Int. 2013;231:229-233. google scholar
  • Tuomisto S, Karhunen PJ, Vuento R, Aittoniemi J, Pessi T. Eval-uation of postmortem bacterial migration using culturing and real-time quantitative PCR. J Forensic Sci. 2013;58:910-916. google scholar
  • Singh B, Crippen TL, Tomberlin JK. An introduction to metage-nomic data generation, analysis, visualization, and interpretation. pp 94-126. In: Carter DO, Tomberlin JK, Benbow ME, Metcalf JL. (Eds). Forensic Microbiology. XXVI + 391 pp. By John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2017. google scholar
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Year 2024, , 106 - 116, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/EurJBiol.2024.1441286

Abstract

References

  • Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2021;71:005056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056 google scholar
  • Asan A, Giray G, Aydoğdu H. Türkiye arke ve bakterileri listesine ilaveler-1 (New additions to the list of Archaea and Bacteria of Turkiye-1). Bağbahçe Bil Derg. 2022;9:91-99. google scholar
  • Asan A, Giray G, Aydoğdu H. Türkiye arke ve bakterileri listesine ilaveler: İkinci güncelleme. Bağbahçe Bil Derg. 2023;10:380-388. google scholar
  • Euzeby JP. LPSN-List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature. 1997. Avaliable from: www.bacterio.net (Access: May 08, 2024). google scholar
  • Atlas RM. Microbiology fundamentals and applications. Sec. Ed. 984 pp. Macmillan Publishing Comp. New York, 1984. google scholar
  • Madigan MT, Aiyer J, Buckley DH, Sattley WM, Stahl DA. Brock biology of microorganisms. 16. Ed. Global Ed. 1129 pp. USA. Pearson Education Limited, 2022. google scholar
  • Altıntaş Kazar G, Asan H, Aygül A, et al. Türkiye Arke ve Bakterileri Listesi (Checklist of the Archaea and Bacteria of Turkey). Asan A, Aydoğdu H, Karaltı I, Kocagöz ZT. (eds), First Ed. İstanbul. 951 pp. Ali Nihat Gökyiğit Vakfı Yayını, 2021. google scholar
  • Carter DO, Junkins EN, Kodama WA. A primer on microbiology. pp 1-24. In: Carter DO, Tomberlin JK, Benbow ME, Metcalf, JL. (Eds). Forensic Microbiology. XXVI + 391 pp. By John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2017. google scholar
  • Hyde ER, Metcalf JL, Bucheli SR, Lynne AM, Knight R. Mi-crobial communities associated with decomposing corpses. pp 245-273. In: Carter DO, Tomberlin JK, Benbow ME, Metcalf JL. (Eds). Forensic Microbiology. XXVI + 391 pp. By John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2017. google scholar
  • Garcia MG, Perez-Carceles MD, Osuna E, Legaz I. Impact of the human microbiome in forensic sciences: A system-atic review. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020;86):e01451-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01451-20 google scholar
  • Clements JD. (Chair). Science needs for microbial forensics: De-veloping ınitial ınternational research priorities. XXIV + 228 pp. Washington D.C. The National Academies Press, 2014. www.nap.edu google scholar
  • Conlon CP, Paul J. A checklist of bacteria associated with infection in humans. In John Firth, Christopher Conlon, and Timothy Cox (eds), Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 6 edn (Oxford, 2020; online edn, Oxford Academic, 1 Jan. 2020), doi:10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0151 (accessed 31 Jan. 2024). https://academic.oup.com/book/41095/chapter-abstract/351074866?redirectedFrom=fulltext google scholar
  • Christoffersen, S. The importance of microbiological testing for establishing cause of death in 42 forensic autopsies. Forensic Sci Int. 2015;250:27-32. google scholar
  • Taylor LH, Latham SM, Woolhouse ME. Risk factors for hu-man disease emergence. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Biol Soc. 2001;356:983-989. google scholar
  • Narang D, Kulshreshtra R, Khan F, et al. Microbes in foren-sic medicine: A microbiologist perspective. Int J Bioassays. 2016;5.10:4913-4919. google scholar
  • Gunn A, Pitt SJ. Microbes as forensic indicators. Trop Biomed. 2012;29:311-330. google scholar
  • Burcham ZM, Jordan HR. History, current, and future use of microorganisms as physical evidence. pp 25-55. In: Carter DO, Tomberlin JK, Benbow ME, Metcalf JL. (Eds). Forensic Micro-biology. XXVI + 391 pp. By John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2017. google scholar
  • Ventura Spagnolo E, Mondello C, Stassi C, et al. Forensic mi-crobiology: A case series analysis. Euromediterranean Biomed J (Formerly: Capsula Eburnea). 2019;14:117-121. google scholar
  • Robinson JM, Pasternak Z, Mason CE, Elhaik E. Foren-sic applications of microbiomics: A review. Front Microbiol. 2021;11:608101. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.608101 google scholar
  • Moitas B, Caldas IM, Sampaio-Maia B. Forensic microbiology and geographical location: A systematic review. Aust J Forensic Sci. 2023; (In Press). doi:10.1080/00450618.2023.2191993 google scholar
  • Finley SJ, Benbow ME, Javan GT. Microbial communities as-sociated with human decomposition and their potential use as postmortem clocks. Int J Legal Med. 2015;129:623-632. google scholar
  • Tozzo P, Amico I, Delicati A, Toselli F, Caenazzo L. Post-mortem interval and microbiome analysis through 16S rRNA analysis: A systematic review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12:2641. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12112641 google scholar
  • Fatima M, Hussain S, Babar M, Aftab U, Mushtaq N, Rehman HM. Microbiome and metagenome signatures: The potential toolkit for futuristic forensic investigations. Int J Forensic Sci. 2022;7:1-13. google scholar
  • Wang Z, Zhang F, Wang L, Yuan H, Guan D, Zhao R. Advances in artificial intelligence-based microbiome for PMI estimation. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1034051. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034051 google scholar
  • Metcalf JL, Wegener Parfrey L, Gonzalez A, et al. A micro-bial clock provides an accurate estimate of the postmortem interval in a mouse model system. Elife. 2013;15:e01104. doi:10.7554/eLife.01104 google scholar
  • Wiltshire PEJ. Mycology in palaeoecology and forensic science. Fungal Biol. 2016;120:1272-1290. google scholar
  • Vass AA. Beyond the grave-understanding human decomposition. Microbiol Today. 2011;28:190-192. google scholar
  • Vass AA. The elusive universal post-mortem interval formula. Forensic Sci Int. 2011;204:34-40. google scholar
  • Cockle DL. Human decomposition and the factors that affect it: A retrospective study of death scenes in Canada. PhD Thesis. XXXIV + 413 pp. Simon Fraser University (Canada). 2013. google scholar
  • Donaldson R. Bacteriology in connection with forensic medicine. J State Med. (1912-1937). 1928;36:497-509. google scholar
  • Takabe F, Oya M. An autopsy case of food poisoning associated with Bacillus cereus. Forensic Sci. 1976;7:97-101. google scholar
  • Moar JJ, Miller SD. The value of autopsy bacteriology: A case report and review of techniques. SA Med J. 1984;66:192-193. google scholar
  • Haelewaters D. Hebeloma, pioneer genus in forensic mycology. Fungi. 2013;6:47-48. google scholar
  • Tranchida MC, Berruezo LEB, Stenglein SA, Cabello MN. Myco-biota associated with human cadavers: First record in Argentina. Can Soc Forensic Sci J. 2018;51:39-47. google scholar
  • Lehman DC. Forensic Microbiology. Clin Lab Sci. 2012;25:114-119. google scholar
  • Tranchida MC, Pelizza SA, EHades LA. The use of fungi in foren-sic science, a brief overview. Can Soc Forensic Sci J. 2021;54: 35-48. google scholar
  • Yıldız SS. Ülkemizdeki adli vakalarda palinolojinin kullanımı ve yararları (Usage and benefits of palynology in forensic cases in our country). PhD Thesis. Ankara. XVI + 128 pp. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bil Enst, 2021. google scholar
  • Fu X, Guo J, Finkelbergs D. Fungal succession during mam-malian cadaver decomposition and potential forensic impli-cations. Scientific Rep. 2019;9:12907. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49361-0 google scholar
  • Javan GT, Finley SJ. What is the “thanatomicrobiome” and what is its relevance to forensic investigations? (Chapter 6). In: Forensic Ecogenomics. The Application of Microbial Ecology Analyses in Forensic Contexts. pp. 133-143, 2018. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809360-3.00006-0 google scholar
  • Berikten D. Adli Mikrobiyoloji. pp 322-325. In: Külekçi, Y. (Ed): Suç Araştırmalarında Kriminal Yaklaşımlar. Akademisyen Kitapevi. İstanbul, 2020. Link: https://books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/download /1807/1844/42346?inline=1 (Access: 22.1.2022). google scholar
  • Efeoğlu F, Çakan H, Kara U, Daş T. Forensic microbiological analysis of soil and the physical evidence buried in soil ob-tained from several towns in Istanbul. Cureus. 2022;14:e22329. doi:10.7759/cureus.22329 google scholar
  • Asan A. Adli Mikoloji (Forensic mycology). Chapter 21. pp 584-618. In: Yamaç M, Asan A, Bıyık HH (Eds). Fungal Biy-oteknoloji Uygulamaları. e-book. First Ed. Konya. Mikolojik Araştırmalar Derneği Yayınları No 1. 694 pp. Konya, 2023. https://fbuproje.org.tr/ google scholar
  • Yousefsaber F, Naseri Z, Hasani AH. A short review of forensic microbiology. Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Inf. 2022;9:88-96. google scholar
  • Tomaso H, Neubauer H. Forensic Microbiology. Chapter 13. pp 293-306. 2011. www.intechopen.com google scholar
  • Speruda M, Piecuch A, Borzçcka J, Kadej M, Ogorek R. Micro-bial traces and their role in forensic science. J Appl Microbiol. 2022;132:2547-2557. google scholar
  • Kumari P, Prakash P, Yadav S, Saran V. Microbiome analy-sis: An emerging forensic investigative tool. Forensic Sci Int. 2022;340:111462. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111462 google scholar
  • Ogbanga N, Nelson A, Ghignone S, et al. The oral microbiome for geographic origin: An Italian study. Forensic Sci Int Genetics. 2023;64:102841. doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102841 google scholar
  • Sidrim JJC, Moreira Filho RE, Cordeiro RA, et al. Fungal mi-crobiota dynamics as a postmortem investigation tool: Focus on Aspergillus, Penicillium and Candida species. J Appl Microbiol. 2010;108:1751-1756. google scholar
  • Palmiere C, Vanhaebost J, Ventura F, Bonsignore A, Bonetti LR. Cerebrospinal fluid PCR analysis and biochemistry in bodies with severe decomposition. J Forensic Leg Med. 2015;30: 21-24. google scholar
  • Busic I. Forensic Microbiology. Zagreb. MSc Thesis. 47 pp. Uni-versity of Zagreb, School of Medicine. Zagreb, 2022. google scholar
  • Fernandez-Rodriguez A, Alberola J, Cohen MC. Analisis mi-crobiologico post mortem [Post-mortem microbiology analysis]. Enferm Infec Microbiol Clin. 2013;31:685-691. google scholar
  • Tang RK, Liu Y, Liu YZ, et al. Evaluation of post-mortem heart blood culture in a Chinese population. Forensic Sci Int. 2013;231:229-233. google scholar
  • Tuomisto S, Karhunen PJ, Vuento R, Aittoniemi J, Pessi T. Eval-uation of postmortem bacterial migration using culturing and real-time quantitative PCR. J Forensic Sci. 2013;58:910-916. google scholar
  • Singh B, Crippen TL, Tomberlin JK. An introduction to metage-nomic data generation, analysis, visualization, and interpretation. pp 94-126. In: Carter DO, Tomberlin JK, Benbow ME, Metcalf JL. (Eds). Forensic Microbiology. XXVI + 391 pp. By John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2017. google scholar
  • Giampaoli S, De Vittori E, Frajese GV, et al. A semi-automated protocol for NGS metabarcoding and fungal analysis in forensic. Forensic Sci Int. 2020;306:110052. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110052 google scholar
  • Maehly A. Die forensischen Wissenschaften gestern, heute und morgen. Fresenius Z Anal Chem. 1984;318:97-102. google scholar
  • Maujean G, Guinet T, Fanton L, Malicier D. The interest of postmortem bacteriology in putrefied bodies. J Forensic Sci. 2013;58:1069-1070. google scholar
  • Schneider V. Der wert bakteriologischer untersuchungen im rah-men gerichtlicher sektionen. Z Rechtsmed. 1985;94:81-92. google scholar
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There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Biochemistry and Cell Biology (Other)
Journal Section Review
Authors

Ahmet Asan 0000-0002-4132-3848

Publication Date May 30, 2024
Submission Date February 22, 2024
Acceptance Date April 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

AMA Asan A. Bacterial Diversity of the Corpses. Eur J Biol. May 2024;83(1):106-116. doi:10.26650/EurJBiol.2024.1441286