Research Article
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Year 2018, Volume: 77 Issue: 2, 70 - 75, 02.12.2018

Abstract

References

  • 1. Turko IV, Marcondes S, Murad F. Diabetes-associated nitration of tyrosine and inactivation of succinyl-CoA: 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 281(6): H2289-94. 2. Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17(1): 24-38. 3. Elchuri S, Oberley TD, Qi W, Eisenstein RS, Roberts LJ, Van Remmen H, et al. CuZnSOD deficiency leads to persistent and widespread oxidative damage and hepatocarcinogenesis later in life. Oncogene 2005; 24(3): 367-80. 4. Blomhoff R, Carlsen MH, Andersen LF, Jacobs DR. Health benefits of nuts: potential role of antioxidants. Br J Nutr 2006; 96 Suppl 2: S52-60. 5. Kalita J, Kumar V, Ranjan A, Misra UK. Role of oxidative stress in the worsening of neurologic Wilson disease following chelating therapy. Neuromolecular Med 2015; 17(4): 364-72. 6. Bakrania AK, Nakka S, Variya BC, Shah P, Patel SS. Antitumor potential of herbomineral formulation against breast cancer: Involvement of inflammation and oxidative stress. Indian J Exp Biol 2017; 55: 680-7. 7. Salles GN, dos Santos PFA, Pacheco-Soares C, Marciano FR, Hölscher C, Webste TJ, et al. A novel bioresorbable device as a controlled release system for protecting cells from oxidative stress from Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54(9): 6827-38. 8. Bohnert KR, McMillan JD, Kumar A. Emerging roles of ER stress and unfolded protein response pathways in skeletal muscle health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233(1): 67-78. 9. Georgiev M, Alipieva K, Orhan I, Abrashev R, Denev P, Angelova M. Antioxidant and cholinesterases inhibitory activities of Verbascum xanthnoeniceum Griseb. and its phenylethanoid glycosides. Food Chem 2011; 128(1): 100-5. 10. Gulcin İ. Antioxidant properties of resveratrol: A structure–activity insight. Innovative Food Sci Emerg Technol, 2010; 11(1): 210-8. 11. Choi CC, Kim SC, Hwang SS, Choi BK, Ahn HJ, Lee MY, et al. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity between Korean medicinal plants and flavonoids by assay-guided comparison. Plant Sci 2002; 163(6): 1161-8. 12. Sigumura T. Food and cancer. Toxicology 2002; 181-182: 17-21. 13. Yıldırımlı Ş. Karadeniz bölgesinin bir tıbbi ve besin bitkisi Trachystemon orientalis. Ot Sistemaik Botanik Dergisi 2002; 1: 7-12. 14. Alici EH, Arabaci G. Purification of polyphenol oxidase from borage (Trachystemonorientalis L.) by using three-phase partitioning and investigation of kinetic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93(Pt A): 1051-6. 15. Uzun E, Sariyar G, Adsersen A, Karakoc B, Ötük G, Oktayoglu E, Pirildar S. Traditional medicine in Sakarya province (Turkey) and antimicrobial activities of selected species. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95(2-3): 287-96. 16. Onaran A, Yilar M. Antifungal and herbicidal activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don against some plant pathogenic fungi and Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Iğdır Univ J Inst Sci Tech 2018; 8(1): 37-43. 17. Karagöz A, Cevahir G, Özcan T, Sadıkoğlu N, Yentür S, Kuru A. Bazı yüksek bitkilerden hazırlanan sulu ekstrelerin antiviral aktivite potansiyellerinin değerlendirilmesi. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı-Bildiriler, Eskişehir, 2002; 318-21. 18. Slinkard K, Singleton VL. Total phenols analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. Am J Enol Viticult 1977; 28: 49-55. 19. Zhishen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenginfg effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chem 1999; 64: 555-9. 20. Padmavati M, Sakthivel N, Thara KV, Reddy AR. Differential sensitivity of rice pathogens to growth inhibition by flavonoids. Phytochemistry 1997; 46(3): 499-502. 21. Osawa T, Namiki M. A novel type of antioxidant isolated from leaf wax of Eucalyptus leaves. Agric Biol Chem 1981; 45(3): 735-9. 22. Oyaizu M. Studies on products of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Japanese J Nutr 1986; 44: 307-15. 23. Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci Technol 1995; 28(1): 25-30. 24. Ruxton C, Gardner E, Walker D. Can pure fruit and vegetable juices protect againts cancer and cardiovascular disease too? A review of the evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57(3-4): 249-72. 25. Konczak I, Zabaras D, Dunstan M, Aguas P. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds in commerciallty grown native Australian herbs and species. Food Chem 2010: 122: 260-6. 26. Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R. A review on the antioxidant potential of medical plant species. Food Bioprod Process 2011; 89(3): 217-33. 27. Taher MA, Tadros LK, Dawood DH. Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and safety evaluation of Kei-apple fruit (Dovyalis caffra). Food Chem 2018; 265: 144-51. 28. Olajide OO, Aderogba MA, Adedapo ADA, Makinde JM. Effects of Anacardium occidentale stem bark extract on in vivo inflammatory models. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95: 139-42. 29. Granato D, Shahidi F, Wrolstad R, Kilmartin P, Melton LD, Hidalgo FJ, et al. Antioxidant activity, total phenolics and flavonoids contents: Should we ban in vitro screening methods? Food Chem 2018; 264: 471-5. 30. Duthie GG, Duthie SJ, Kyle JA. Plant polyphenols in cancer and heart diseases implications as nutritional antioxidants. Nutr Res Rev 2000; 13(1): 79-106. 31. Lambert JD, Yang CS. Mechanisms of cancer preventation by tea constituents. J Nutr 2003; 133(10): 3262S-3267S. 32. Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latif AA. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin. Life Sci 2018; 208: 111-22. 33. Ayvaz Col M. Antioxidant activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don (Borage) grown. and eaten as food in Ordu, Turkey. Herba Pol 2015; 61(4): 40-51. 34. Ozen T. Antioxidant activity of wild edible plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Grasas Y Aceites 2010; 61(1): 86-94. 35. Hakimoglu F, Kızıl G, Kanay Z, Kızıl M, Isı H. The effect of ethanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rabbits and its in vitro antioxidant activity. Atherosclerosis 2007; 192(1): 113-22. 36. Sharififar F, Moshafi MH, Mansouri SH, Khodashenas M, Khoshnoodi M. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of endemic Zataria multiflora Boiss. Food Control 2007; 18(7): 800-5. 37. Moo-Huchin VM, Moo-Huchin MI, Estrada-León RJ, Cuevas-Gloryc L, Estrada-Motaa IA, Ortiz-Vázquezc E, et al. Antioxidant compounds, antioxidant activity and phenolic content in peel from three tropical fruits from Yucatan, Mexico. Food Chem 2015; 166: 17-22. 38. Ko HC, Lee JY, Jang MG, Song MG, Song H, Kim SJ. Seasonal variations in the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Sasa quelpaertensis. Ind Crop Prod 2018; 122: 506-12. 39. Alcântara MA, Polari ILB, Meireles BRLA, de Lima AEE, da Silva Junior JC, Vieira ÉA, dos Santos NA, de Magalhães Cordeiro AMT. Effect of the solvent composition on the profile of phenolic compounds extracted from chia seeds. Food Chem 2019; 275: 489-96. 40. Pietta PG. Flavonoids as antioxidants. J Nat Prod 2000; 63(7): 1035-42. 41. Kong JM, Chia LS, Goh NK, Chia TF, Brouillard R. Analysis and biological activities of antocyanins. Phytochemistry 2003; 64(5): 923-33. 42. Perry G, Raina AK, Nunomura A, Wataya T, Sayre LM, Smith MA. How important is oxidative damage? Lessons from Alzheimer’s Disease. Free Radical Bio Med 2000; 28(5): 831-4. 43. Duan X, Jiang Y, Su X, Zhang Z, Shi J. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins extracted from litchi (Litchi chinenesis Sonn.) fruit pericarp tissues in relation to their role in the pericarp browning. Food Chem 2007; 101(4): 1365-71. 44. Wood LG, Gibson PG, Garg ML. A review of the methodology for assessing in vivo antioxidant capacity. J Sci Food Agric 2006; 86: 2057−66.

Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Contents of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don

Year 2018, Volume: 77 Issue: 2, 70 - 75, 02.12.2018

Abstract

DOI: 10.26650/EurJBiol.2018.18017


Objective: For many years, plants have been
considered a source of alternative medicine and are used for the treatment of
several diseases. These medicinal plants are excellent sources of
phytochemicals and antioxidant activity. Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don
(Boraginaceae) originates from East Bulgaria but can be found mostly in West
Caucasia and the Black Sea region of Turkey. Its flowering branches, rhizomes,
and leaves are used as food.



Materials and Methods: The antioxidant
activity of a T. orientalis aqueous infusion was investigated using various
antioxidant tests, such as reducing power and radical scavenging activity. The
phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. Results were compared
with natural and synthetic antioxidants.



Results: The results demonstrated that T.
orientalis (L.) is a good source of antioxidants.



Conclusion: This study suggested that T.
orientalis extract can be considered a useful natural antioxidant source
because of its flavonoid, phenolic, and anthocyanin contents. The food and
cosmetic industries might employ T. orientalis extract as an alternative
additive to other highly toxic synthetic antioxidants.

References

  • 1. Turko IV, Marcondes S, Murad F. Diabetes-associated nitration of tyrosine and inactivation of succinyl-CoA: 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 281(6): H2289-94. 2. Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003; 17(1): 24-38. 3. Elchuri S, Oberley TD, Qi W, Eisenstein RS, Roberts LJ, Van Remmen H, et al. CuZnSOD deficiency leads to persistent and widespread oxidative damage and hepatocarcinogenesis later in life. Oncogene 2005; 24(3): 367-80. 4. Blomhoff R, Carlsen MH, Andersen LF, Jacobs DR. Health benefits of nuts: potential role of antioxidants. Br J Nutr 2006; 96 Suppl 2: S52-60. 5. Kalita J, Kumar V, Ranjan A, Misra UK. Role of oxidative stress in the worsening of neurologic Wilson disease following chelating therapy. Neuromolecular Med 2015; 17(4): 364-72. 6. Bakrania AK, Nakka S, Variya BC, Shah P, Patel SS. Antitumor potential of herbomineral formulation against breast cancer: Involvement of inflammation and oxidative stress. Indian J Exp Biol 2017; 55: 680-7. 7. Salles GN, dos Santos PFA, Pacheco-Soares C, Marciano FR, Hölscher C, Webste TJ, et al. A novel bioresorbable device as a controlled release system for protecting cells from oxidative stress from Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54(9): 6827-38. 8. Bohnert KR, McMillan JD, Kumar A. Emerging roles of ER stress and unfolded protein response pathways in skeletal muscle health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233(1): 67-78. 9. Georgiev M, Alipieva K, Orhan I, Abrashev R, Denev P, Angelova M. Antioxidant and cholinesterases inhibitory activities of Verbascum xanthnoeniceum Griseb. and its phenylethanoid glycosides. Food Chem 2011; 128(1): 100-5. 10. Gulcin İ. Antioxidant properties of resveratrol: A structure–activity insight. Innovative Food Sci Emerg Technol, 2010; 11(1): 210-8. 11. Choi CC, Kim SC, Hwang SS, Choi BK, Ahn HJ, Lee MY, et al. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity between Korean medicinal plants and flavonoids by assay-guided comparison. Plant Sci 2002; 163(6): 1161-8. 12. Sigumura T. Food and cancer. Toxicology 2002; 181-182: 17-21. 13. Yıldırımlı Ş. Karadeniz bölgesinin bir tıbbi ve besin bitkisi Trachystemon orientalis. Ot Sistemaik Botanik Dergisi 2002; 1: 7-12. 14. Alici EH, Arabaci G. Purification of polyphenol oxidase from borage (Trachystemonorientalis L.) by using three-phase partitioning and investigation of kinetic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93(Pt A): 1051-6. 15. Uzun E, Sariyar G, Adsersen A, Karakoc B, Ötük G, Oktayoglu E, Pirildar S. Traditional medicine in Sakarya province (Turkey) and antimicrobial activities of selected species. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95(2-3): 287-96. 16. Onaran A, Yilar M. Antifungal and herbicidal activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don against some plant pathogenic fungi and Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Iğdır Univ J Inst Sci Tech 2018; 8(1): 37-43. 17. Karagöz A, Cevahir G, Özcan T, Sadıkoğlu N, Yentür S, Kuru A. Bazı yüksek bitkilerden hazırlanan sulu ekstrelerin antiviral aktivite potansiyellerinin değerlendirilmesi. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı-Bildiriler, Eskişehir, 2002; 318-21. 18. Slinkard K, Singleton VL. Total phenols analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. Am J Enol Viticult 1977; 28: 49-55. 19. Zhishen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenginfg effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chem 1999; 64: 555-9. 20. Padmavati M, Sakthivel N, Thara KV, Reddy AR. Differential sensitivity of rice pathogens to growth inhibition by flavonoids. Phytochemistry 1997; 46(3): 499-502. 21. Osawa T, Namiki M. A novel type of antioxidant isolated from leaf wax of Eucalyptus leaves. Agric Biol Chem 1981; 45(3): 735-9. 22. Oyaizu M. Studies on products of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Japanese J Nutr 1986; 44: 307-15. 23. Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci Technol 1995; 28(1): 25-30. 24. Ruxton C, Gardner E, Walker D. Can pure fruit and vegetable juices protect againts cancer and cardiovascular disease too? A review of the evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57(3-4): 249-72. 25. Konczak I, Zabaras D, Dunstan M, Aguas P. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds in commerciallty grown native Australian herbs and species. Food Chem 2010: 122: 260-6. 26. Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R. A review on the antioxidant potential of medical plant species. Food Bioprod Process 2011; 89(3): 217-33. 27. Taher MA, Tadros LK, Dawood DH. Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and safety evaluation of Kei-apple fruit (Dovyalis caffra). Food Chem 2018; 265: 144-51. 28. Olajide OO, Aderogba MA, Adedapo ADA, Makinde JM. Effects of Anacardium occidentale stem bark extract on in vivo inflammatory models. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95: 139-42. 29. Granato D, Shahidi F, Wrolstad R, Kilmartin P, Melton LD, Hidalgo FJ, et al. Antioxidant activity, total phenolics and flavonoids contents: Should we ban in vitro screening methods? Food Chem 2018; 264: 471-5. 30. Duthie GG, Duthie SJ, Kyle JA. Plant polyphenols in cancer and heart diseases implications as nutritional antioxidants. Nutr Res Rev 2000; 13(1): 79-106. 31. Lambert JD, Yang CS. Mechanisms of cancer preventation by tea constituents. J Nutr 2003; 133(10): 3262S-3267S. 32. Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latif AA. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin. Life Sci 2018; 208: 111-22. 33. Ayvaz Col M. Antioxidant activity of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don (Borage) grown. and eaten as food in Ordu, Turkey. Herba Pol 2015; 61(4): 40-51. 34. Ozen T. Antioxidant activity of wild edible plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Grasas Y Aceites 2010; 61(1): 86-94. 35. Hakimoglu F, Kızıl G, Kanay Z, Kızıl M, Isı H. The effect of ethanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rabbits and its in vitro antioxidant activity. Atherosclerosis 2007; 192(1): 113-22. 36. Sharififar F, Moshafi MH, Mansouri SH, Khodashenas M, Khoshnoodi M. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of endemic Zataria multiflora Boiss. Food Control 2007; 18(7): 800-5. 37. Moo-Huchin VM, Moo-Huchin MI, Estrada-León RJ, Cuevas-Gloryc L, Estrada-Motaa IA, Ortiz-Vázquezc E, et al. Antioxidant compounds, antioxidant activity and phenolic content in peel from three tropical fruits from Yucatan, Mexico. Food Chem 2015; 166: 17-22. 38. Ko HC, Lee JY, Jang MG, Song MG, Song H, Kim SJ. Seasonal variations in the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Sasa quelpaertensis. Ind Crop Prod 2018; 122: 506-12. 39. Alcântara MA, Polari ILB, Meireles BRLA, de Lima AEE, da Silva Junior JC, Vieira ÉA, dos Santos NA, de Magalhães Cordeiro AMT. Effect of the solvent composition on the profile of phenolic compounds extracted from chia seeds. Food Chem 2019; 275: 489-96. 40. Pietta PG. Flavonoids as antioxidants. J Nat Prod 2000; 63(7): 1035-42. 41. Kong JM, Chia LS, Goh NK, Chia TF, Brouillard R. Analysis and biological activities of antocyanins. Phytochemistry 2003; 64(5): 923-33. 42. Perry G, Raina AK, Nunomura A, Wataya T, Sayre LM, Smith MA. How important is oxidative damage? Lessons from Alzheimer’s Disease. Free Radical Bio Med 2000; 28(5): 831-4. 43. Duan X, Jiang Y, Su X, Zhang Z, Shi J. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins extracted from litchi (Litchi chinenesis Sonn.) fruit pericarp tissues in relation to their role in the pericarp browning. Food Chem 2007; 101(4): 1365-71. 44. Wood LG, Gibson PG, Garg ML. A review of the methodology for assessing in vivo antioxidant capacity. J Sci Food Agric 2006; 86: 2057−66.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ozlem Sacan

Publication Date December 2, 2018
Submission Date November 22, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 77 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Sacan O. Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Contents of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don. Eur J Biol. December 2018;77(2):70-75.