İsveç Elçisi Paul Strassburg’un İstanbul Sefareti (1632-1633)

Year 2014, Issue: 26, 1 - 50, 31.12.2014

Mahmut Halef Cevrioğlu

Abstract

Sultan IV. Murad’ın 1623 yılında çalkantılarla başlayan hükümdarlığına, 1632 yılında dizginleri eline aldığı sürece kadar annesi Kösem Sultan’ın fiili niyabeti damgasını vurmuştu. Bu sırada Avrupa’da ise kıtanın o döneme değin gördüğü en kanlı savaşlardan biri (Otuz Yıl Savaşları, 1618-1648) tüm dehşetiyle devam etmekteydi. İşte bu uzun soluklu savaş esnasında Protestan bloğunun hamisi olarak yıldızı parlayan İsveç Kralı II. Gustaf Adolf (Vasa), Osmanlıların vasalı olan Erdel Beyi’nin yardımını talep etmek için İstanbul’a resmi bir diplomatik temsilci yollamıştır. Kralın elçisi Paul Strassburg’un geriye bırakmış olduğu (Venedik ‘relazione’lerini andıran) sefaretnamesi, bizlere elçinin yolda başından geçenleri, İstanbul’daki görüşmelerini ve dönemin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na dair gözlemlerini aktarmaktadır. Bu çalışma çerçevesinde, elçinin sefaretnamesi sair çağdaş diplomatik raporlardan da istifade edilerek bir bağlama oturtulacaktır.

Keywords

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Habsburglar, Sultan IV. Murad, Yeniçağ Diplomasisi, Gustaf Adolf, İsveç, Erdel, György Rákóczi, Kiril Lukaris, Otuz Yıl Savaşları

SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633

Abstract

Sultan Murad IV’s reign made a tumultuous start in 1623, following the dethronement of his predecessor, Sultan Mustafa. Most of his juniority was spent under the auspices of his mother, the de facto regent Kösem Sultan, until Murad IV asserted his self rule in 1632. Europe, in the meantime, was struck by one of the largest military clashes seen on the continent by then (known as the Thirty Years War, 1618-1648), and a new actor emerged to make his imprint on the continental politics: King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden. It was under these circumstances that a Swedish envoy was sent to Constantinople in order to solicit permission from the Ottoman Porte for Transylvanian help against the Sweden’s enemies in Germany. Fortunately for us, the king’s envoy Paul Strassburg has left behind a valuable embassy report, similar to a relazione, covering his adventures on the route to the Ottoman Empire, his dealings in Constantinople and his observations regarding the political situation of the Ottomans. Within the framework of this study, the embassy report will be contextualized with the help of contemporary accounts.

Keywords

The Ottoman Empire, Habsburgs, Sultan Murad IV, Early Modern Diplomacy, Gustav II Adolph, Sweden, Transylvania, George Rákóczi, Cyril Loukaris, Thirty Years War

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