Çocuk Edebiyatında Toplumsal Cinsiyetsiz Karakterler: Bir Araştırma Örneği

Year 2017, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 389 - 408, 02.04.2017

Erkan Çer

Abstract

Bu çalışma, "Balina ile Mandalina"
yapıtında yer alan toplumsal cinsiyetsiz karakterlerin hangi roller içinde
betimlendiğini ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Böylelikle, bu kitapta yer alan
karakterlerin duygu, düşünce ve davranışlarının tektipleştirilmiş/basmakalıp
cinsiyetçi bir anlayış içinde yansıtılıp yansıtılmadığı belirlenecektir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda, bu araştırmada, nitel bir araştırma deseni kullanılarak
toplumsal cinsiyetsiz karakterlerin sunuluş biçimi incelenmiştir. Doküman
incelemesi yöntemi kullanılan bu çalışmanın veri kaynağını, Fazıl Hüznü
Dağlarca'nın "Balina ile Mandalina" adlı yapıtı oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmaya konu olan verilere ise, içerik çözümlemesi türlerinden sıklık
çözümlemesi tekniği uygulanmıştır. Bu bakımdan veriler, bilgisayar ortamına
aktarılmış ve QDA Miner 4 programı aracılığıyla yapıtta yer alan toplumsal cinsiyetsiz
karakterlerin hangi roller içinde oldukları ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışma
sonucunda ise, balina karakterinin en fazla 15 (%19.65) oranında
"duygusal", 11 (%14.41) oranında "araştıran ve sorgulayan",
10 (%13.1) oranında "mutlu"; mandalina karakterinin ise, en fazla 14
(%19.6) oranında "duygusal", 10 (% 14) oranında "araştıran ve
sorgulayan", 8 (%11.2) oranında "düşsel", 8 (%11.2) oranında
"mutlu" olarak yansıtıldığı görülmüştür. Bu durum, yapıtta yer alan
toplumsal cinsiyetsiz karakterlerin kadın ve erkek rollerine ilişkin olarak
herhangi bir tektipleştirilmiş/basmakalıp cinsiyetçi anlayışı yansıtmadığını
ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

çocuk edebiyatı, toplumsal cinsiyet, toplumsal cinsiyetsiz karakterler, Balina ile Mandalina

Gender-Neutral Characters in Children's Literature: A Survey Sample

Abstract

This study aims to reveal in what roles
the gender-neutral characters in the work “The Whale and the Tangerine” were
defined. Thus, whether the emotions, ideas and behaviors of these characters in
the book were stereotyped and reflected in a sexist approach or not will be
determined. Accordingly, a qualitative research design was used and the way the
gender-neutral characters were presented was examined. Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca’s
work provides the data source of this study in which document analysis method
was used. The data collected were analyzed through the frequency analysis which
is a type of content analysis. Therefore, the data were transferred into
computer and what roles the gender-neutral characters in the work had was found
via QDA Miner 4 program. As a result of this study, the character “whale” was found
to be emotional by a 15 (19,65%) ratio, researching and questioning by a 11
(14,41%) ratio, happy by a 10 (13,1%) at most; and the character “tangerine”
was found to be emotional by a 14 (19,6%) ratio, researching and questioning by
a 10 (14%) ratio, imaginative by an 8 (11,2%) ratio and happy by an 8 (11,2%)
ratio at most. This situation meant that the gender-neutral characters in the
book reflected no stereotyped sexist conception of male and female roles. 

Keywords

children’s literature, gender, gender-neutral characters, The Whale and the Tangerine

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