HOW SERIOUS IS THE PROBLEM OF MONOPOLY?

Abstract

This paper provides a survey of literature for the welfare losses due to monopoly. Since 1954 economists have been trying to measure the social costs of monopolies by using different estimation techniques. The measure most frequently used to calculate the welfare losses has been consumer surplus. In 1950s and 1960s monopoly was not thought to be a big problem. The estimations showed that it only generated a loss equal to 1% of GNP. However, in 1970s and 1980s this thought has changed, and it has been accepted that monopolies are a real bad. 

Keywords

• monopoly,economist,social costs

HOW SERIOUS IS THE PROBLEM OF MONOPOLY?

Abstract

Bu çalışma, monopol yapının neden olduğu refah kayıpları için bir literatür taraması sağlamaktadır. 1954 yılından beri iktisatçılar, farklı tahmin teknikleri kullanarak monopolün sosyal maliyetlerini ölçmeye çalışmışlardır. Refah kayıplarını hesaplamak için en sık kullanılan ölçme metodu tüketici artığı olmuştur. 1950' lerde ve 1960'larda monopol büyük bir problem olarak düşünülmemiştir. Yapılan hesaplamalar göstermiştir ki refah kayıpları GSMH'nınyalnızca %1'ine eşittir. Bununla beraber, 1970'lerde ve 1980'lerde bu düşünce değişmiş ve monopollerin kötü olduğu kabul edilmiştir.

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