THE EFFECTS OF TRADE AND PRODUCTIVITY ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY

Year 2014, Volume: 64 Issue: 2, 1 - 44, 31.08.2015

Güzin Akkuş

Abstract

This study empirically analyzes the effects of international trade and productivity on employment in the Turkish manufacturing industry for the time period of 2003-2010 by using panel data. For this purpose, - the direct effects and - productivity related indirect effects of international trade on employment are estimated. The findings suggest that the direct effects of export demand and import competition on employment are sound and significant; while the increase in export demand leads to an increase in labour demand, the increase in import penetration reduces it. However, the productivity related indirect effects come solely from import competition. The total effects of international trade on emploment is mainly the result of the direct effects of export demand and import penetration. On the other hand, the positive contribution to productivity in the Turkish manufacturing industry comes mainly from investment and research&development expenditures

Keywords

International Trade, Export Demand, Import Competition

THE EFFECTS OF TRADE AND PRODUCTIVITY ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY

Abstract

Bu çalışma, uluslararası ticaret ve verimliliğin Türk imalât sanayiindeki istihdama olan etkilerini, 2003-2010 dönemi için ve panel veri kullanarak ampirik olarak analiz etmektedir. Bu amaçla, uluslararası ticaretin istihdam üzerindeki doğrudan ve verimlilikle ilgili olarak dolaylı etkileri tahmin edilmektedir. Tahmin sonuçlarına göre, ihracat talebi ve ithalat rekabetinin istihdam üzerindeki doğrudan etkileri önemli ve anlamlıdır; ihracat talebindeki artış emek talebi üzerinde olumlu bir etki yaparken, ithalat rekabetinin artması bu talebi azaltmaktadır. Ancak, verimlilik vasıtasıyla olan dolaylı etkileri sadece ithalat rekabetinden gelmektedir. Uluslararasıticaretin istihdam üzerindeki toplam etkileri, esas olarak ihracat talebi ve ithalat rekabetinin doğrudan etkilerinin sonucudur. Diğer taraftan, Türkimalât sanayisinin verimliliğine pozitif katkı, büyük ölçüde, yatırım ve araştırma&geliştirme harcamalarından kaynaklanmaktadır.

Keywords

Uluslararası Ticaret, İhracat Talebi, İthalat Reka

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• DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS FOR THE SECTORS IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY (NACE REV.2 CLASSIFICATION) Manufacture of food products and beverages YEARS (2003-2010) MEAN MIN. MAX. STANDARD DEVIATION 36164 479,69
• Manufacture of tobacco products YEARS (2003-2010) MEAN MIN. MAX. STANDARD DEVIATION 5017
• Manufacture of textiles 80044.591 9271.763
• Manufacture of wearing apparel 5686.620 0466.156 2975.451 3336.074 1443.957
• Manufacture of leather and related products 22651 65870 -8881.499 -3775.227 788,83
• Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture