Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 63 - 74, 16.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1349411

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the asymmetric effects of globalization on inflation. While theoretical and applied studies emphasize the negative effect of globalization on inflation, they explain this through market mechanisms and efficiency. In an open economy, the need for seigniorage incomes decreases, as the incomes obtained as a result of trade will increase. An economy that increases foreign trade revenues needs less seigniorage revenues. Foreign trade income will result in a decline in inflation if an increase in the money supply is the primary cause of inflation. Romer (1993) emphasizes that the other channel that reveals the negative effect of globalization on inflation is the market mechanism. In this instance, the presence of foreign currencies that can take the place of the national currency in an open economy helps to lower inflation. Also, inflation is reduced by economic openness because it allows for specialization and economies of scale. This study uses the annual data of Turkey’s consumer price index, GDP per capita, general government final consumption expenditures (% of GDP), globalization index-KOF (economic, political, and social globalization indexes), and exchange rate variables for 1970-2021. The non-linear autoregressive distributed lags (NARDL) estimation method is used in the analysis of the asymmetric effect of different components of globalization on inflation. The findings reveal that economic and social globalization has an asymmetric effect on inflation; however, also revealed is the non-significance of the asymmetrical effect of political globalization on inflation.

JEL Classification : B23 , F6 , E31

References

  • Afzal, M., Malik, M.E., Butt, A.R., & Fatima, K. (2013). Openness, inflation and growth and relationships in Pakistan: An application of ARDL bounds testing approach. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 51 (1), 13-53. google scholar
  • Ajaz, T., Naina, M.Z., & Kamaiah, B. (2016). Inflation and openness in India: An asymmetric approach. Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, 9(2), 190-203. google scholar
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Romer hipotezi kapsamında ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Next 11 ülkeleri için panel ARDL analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 651-660. google scholar
  • Demir, Y. (2021). Ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: d-8 ülkeleri için panel eş bütünleşme analizi [The relation between trade openness and inflation: Panel cointegration analysis for the d-8 countries]. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 325-337. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gumus/issue/62554/852300. google scholar
  • IMF, (2015). International Financial Statistics, Retrieved from https://data.imf.org/?sk=4c514d48-b6ba-49ed-8ab9-52b0c1a0179b&sId=13900 30341854. google scholar
  • Iyoha, M.A. (1973). Inflation and openness: in less developed economies: A cross-country analysis. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 22(1), 31-38. google scholar
  • Jin, J. (2000). Openness and growth: An interpretation of empirical evidence from East Asian countries. The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 9(1), 5-17. google scholar
  • Kouton, J. (2018). An asymmetric analysis of the relationship between openness and inflation in Cöte d’Ivoire. International Journal ofEconomics and Financial Issues, 8(6), 65-75. google scholar
  • Mercan, M., & Gocer, İ. (2014). Ticari dışa açıklığın ekonomik etkileri: Orta Asya ülkeleri için ampirik bir analiz [economic effects of trade openness: an empiricial analysis for Central Asian countries]. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 10(22), 27-44. google scholar
  • Ozcag, M., & Bolukbas M. (2018). Ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Romer hipotezi çerçevesinde Türkiye için bir analiz [The relationship between trade openness and inflation: an analysis for Turkey within the frame of Romer hypothesis], Maliye Dergisi, 174, 112-130. google scholar
  • Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationship. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326. google scholar
  • Pesaran, M,. & Shin, Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed lag-modeling approach to cointegration analysis. In: Strom, S., editor. Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Romer, D. (1993). Openness and inflation: theory and evidence, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 649-652. google scholar
  • Sachsida, A., Carneiro, F.G., & Loureiro, P. R. (2003). Does greater trade openness reduce inflation? further evidence using panel data techniques, Economics Letters, 81, 315-319. google scholar
  • Samimi, A.J., Ghaderi, S., Hosseinzadeh, R., & Nademi, Y. (2012). Openness and inflation: new empirical panel data evidence. Economics Letters, 117, 573-577. google scholar
  • Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDLframework. In: Sickles, R.C., Horrace, W.C., ediots. Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric Methods and Applications. New York, NY: Springer, 281-314. google scholar
  • Syed, A.S., & Zwick, H.S. (2015). Convex Phillips curve explaining openness and inflation nexus, Theoretical Economics Letters, 5, 739-748. google scholar
  • Syed, S.A. (2012), Does greater economic openness grasp the elements of inflation “surprise”? New evidence using panel data techniques. International Economics, 13, 33-58. google scholar
  • Terra, C.T. (1998), Openness and inflation: A new assessment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 641-648. google scholar
  • Triffin, R., & Grubel, H. (1962). The adjustment mechanism to differential rates of monetary expansion among the countries of the European economic community. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 44(4), 486-491. google scholar
  • Vogelsang, T,. & Perron, P. (1998). Additional test for unit root allowing for a break in the trend function at an unknown time, International Economic Review, 39, 1073-1100. google scholar
  • World Bank, (2021) World Development Indicator. Retrieved from https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators. google scholar
  • Zivot, E., & Andrews, D. (1992). Further evidence on the great crash, the oil-price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3), 251-270. google scholar

Ekonomik, Sosyal ve Siyasi Küreselleşmenin Enflasyon Üzerindeki Asimetrik Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 63 - 74, 16.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1349411

Abstract

Bu çalışma, küreselleşmenin enflasyon üzerindeki asimetrik etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Teorik ve uygulamalı çalışmalar küreselleşmenin enflasyon üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini vurgulamaktadır. Bu negatif etki, piyasa mekanizması ve verimlilik üzerinden açıklamaktadır. Senyoraj gelirlerine bağımlı olan kapalı bir ekonomi yerine dışa açık bir ekonominin geçmesi, dış ticaret sonucu elde edilen gelirleri artıracağından senyoraj gelirlerine olan ihtiyaç azalmaktadır. Dış ticaret gelirlerini artıran bir ekonomi, daha az senyoraj gelirine ihtiyaç duyar. Enflasyonun ana nedeni para arzındaki artış olarak kabul edilecek olursa, dış ticaret geliri enflasyonda düşüşe neden olacaktır. Romer (1993), küreselleşmenin enflasyon üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini ortaya koyan diğer kanalın piyasa mekanizması olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu durumda açık bir ekonomide ulusal paranın yerini alabilecek yabancı para birimlerinin varlığı enflasyonun düşürülmesine yardımcı olmaktadır. Ayrıca, üretimde uzmanlaşmaya ve ölçek ekonomisine izin verdiği için ekonomik açıklık enflasyonu azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1970-2021 yılları için Türkiye’nin tüketici fiyatları endeksi, kişi başına düşen GSYİH, Genel Devlet Nihai Tüketim Harcamaları (GSYİH’nin yüzdesi), Küreselleşme Endeksi-KOF (ekonomik, politik ve sosyal küreselleşme endeksleri) ve döviz kuru değişkenlerinin yıllık verileri kullanılmaktadır. Küreselleşmenin farklı bileşenlerinin enflasyon üzerindeki asimetrik etkisinin analizinde Doğrusal Olmayan Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme (NARDL) modeli tahmin yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, ekonomik ve sosyal küreselleşmenin enflasyon üzerinde asimetrik bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra politik küreselleşmenin enflasyon üzerindeki etkisi anlamsızdır.

Jel Sınıflaması: B23, F6, E31

References

  • Afzal, M., Malik, M.E., Butt, A.R., & Fatima, K. (2013). Openness, inflation and growth and relationships in Pakistan: An application of ARDL bounds testing approach. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 51 (1), 13-53. google scholar
  • Ajaz, T., Naina, M.Z., & Kamaiah, B. (2016). Inflation and openness in India: An asymmetric approach. Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, 9(2), 190-203. google scholar
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Romer hipotezi kapsamında ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Next 11 ülkeleri için panel ARDL analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 651-660. google scholar
  • Demir, Y. (2021). Ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: d-8 ülkeleri için panel eş bütünleşme analizi [The relation between trade openness and inflation: Panel cointegration analysis for the d-8 countries]. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 325-337. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gumus/issue/62554/852300. google scholar
  • IMF, (2015). International Financial Statistics, Retrieved from https://data.imf.org/?sk=4c514d48-b6ba-49ed-8ab9-52b0c1a0179b&sId=13900 30341854. google scholar
  • Iyoha, M.A. (1973). Inflation and openness: in less developed economies: A cross-country analysis. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 22(1), 31-38. google scholar
  • Jin, J. (2000). Openness and growth: An interpretation of empirical evidence from East Asian countries. The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 9(1), 5-17. google scholar
  • Kouton, J. (2018). An asymmetric analysis of the relationship between openness and inflation in Cöte d’Ivoire. International Journal ofEconomics and Financial Issues, 8(6), 65-75. google scholar
  • Mercan, M., & Gocer, İ. (2014). Ticari dışa açıklığın ekonomik etkileri: Orta Asya ülkeleri için ampirik bir analiz [economic effects of trade openness: an empiricial analysis for Central Asian countries]. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 10(22), 27-44. google scholar
  • Ozcag, M., & Bolukbas M. (2018). Ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Romer hipotezi çerçevesinde Türkiye için bir analiz [The relationship between trade openness and inflation: an analysis for Turkey within the frame of Romer hypothesis], Maliye Dergisi, 174, 112-130. google scholar
  • Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationship. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326. google scholar
  • Pesaran, M,. & Shin, Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed lag-modeling approach to cointegration analysis. In: Strom, S., editor. Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Romer, D. (1993). Openness and inflation: theory and evidence, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 649-652. google scholar
  • Sachsida, A., Carneiro, F.G., & Loureiro, P. R. (2003). Does greater trade openness reduce inflation? further evidence using panel data techniques, Economics Letters, 81, 315-319. google scholar
  • Samimi, A.J., Ghaderi, S., Hosseinzadeh, R., & Nademi, Y. (2012). Openness and inflation: new empirical panel data evidence. Economics Letters, 117, 573-577. google scholar
  • Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDLframework. In: Sickles, R.C., Horrace, W.C., ediots. Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric Methods and Applications. New York, NY: Springer, 281-314. google scholar
  • Syed, A.S., & Zwick, H.S. (2015). Convex Phillips curve explaining openness and inflation nexus, Theoretical Economics Letters, 5, 739-748. google scholar
  • Syed, S.A. (2012), Does greater economic openness grasp the elements of inflation “surprise”? New evidence using panel data techniques. International Economics, 13, 33-58. google scholar
  • Terra, C.T. (1998), Openness and inflation: A new assessment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 641-648. google scholar
  • Triffin, R., & Grubel, H. (1962). The adjustment mechanism to differential rates of monetary expansion among the countries of the European economic community. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 44(4), 486-491. google scholar
  • Vogelsang, T,. & Perron, P. (1998). Additional test for unit root allowing for a break in the trend function at an unknown time, International Economic Review, 39, 1073-1100. google scholar
  • World Bank, (2021) World Development Indicator. Retrieved from https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators. google scholar
  • Zivot, E., & Andrews, D. (1992). Further evidence on the great crash, the oil-price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3), 251-270. google scholar
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects International Economics (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Hande Aksöz Yılmaz 0000-0002-1115-7535

Publication Date February 16, 2024
Submission Date August 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aksöz Yılmaz, H. (2024). The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation. İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(1), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1349411
AMA Aksöz Yılmaz H. The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation. JEPR. February 2024;11(1):63-74. doi:10.26650/JEPR1349411
Chicago Aksöz Yılmaz, Hande. “The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation”. İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi 11, no. 1 (February 2024): 63-74. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1349411.
EndNote Aksöz Yılmaz H (February 1, 2024) The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation. İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi 11 1 63–74.
IEEE H. Aksöz Yılmaz, “The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation”, JEPR, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 63–74, 2024, doi: 10.26650/JEPR1349411.
ISNAD Aksöz Yılmaz, Hande. “The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation”. İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi 11/1 (February 2024), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1349411.
JAMA Aksöz Yılmaz H. The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation. JEPR. 2024;11:63–74.
MLA Aksöz Yılmaz, Hande. “The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation”. İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2024, pp. 63-74, doi:10.26650/JEPR1349411.
Vancouver Aksöz Yılmaz H. The Asymmetric Impacts of Economic, Social, and Political Globalization on Inflation. JEPR. 2024;11(1):63-74.